<P> In the early 20th century, the team, then known as the Robins, won league pennants in 1916 and 1920, losing the World Series both times, first to Boston and then Cleveland . In the 1930s, the team changed its name to the Dodgers, named after the Brooklyn pedestrians who dodged the streetcars in the city . In 1941, the Dodgers captured their third National League pennant, only to lose to the New York Yankees . This marked the onset of the Dodgers--Yankees rivalry, as the Dodgers would face them in their next six World Series appearances . Led by Jackie Robinson, the first black Major League Baseball player of the modern era; and three - time National League Most Valuable Player Roy Campanella, also signed out of the Negro Leagues, the Dodgers captured their first World Series title in 1955 by defeating the Yankees for the first time, a story notably described in the 1972 book The Boys of Summer . </P> <P> Following the 1957 season the team left Brooklyn . In just their second season in Los Angeles, the Dodgers won their second World Series title, beating the Chicago White Sox in six games in 1959 . Spearheaded by the dominant pitching style of Sandy Koufax and Don Drysdale, the Dodgers captured three pennants in the 1960s and won two more World Series titles, sweeping the Yankees in four games in 1963, and edging the Minnesota Twins in seven in 1965 . The 1963 sweep was their second victory against the Yankees, and their first against them as a Los Angeles team . The Dodgers won four more pennants in 1966, 1974, 1977 and 1978, but lost in each World Series appearance . They went on to win the World Series again in 1981, thanks in part to pitching sensation Fernando Valenzuela . The early 1980s were affectionately dubbed "Fernandomania ." In 1988, another pitching hero, Orel Hershiser, again led them to a World Series victory, aided by one of the most memorable home runs of all time, by their injured star outfielder Kirk Gibson coming off the bench to pinch hit with two outs in the bottom of the ninth inning of game 1, in his only appearance of the series . </P> <P> The Dodgers share a fierce rivalry with the San Francisco Giants, the oldest rivalry in baseball, dating back to when the two franchises played in New York City . Both teams moved west for the 1958 season . The Brooklyn Dodgers and Los Angeles Dodgers have collectively appeared in the World Series 19 times, while the New York Giants and San Francisco Giants have collectively appeared 20 times and have been invited 21 times . The Giants have won two more World Series (8); the Dodgers have won 22 National League pennants, while the Giants hold the record with 23 . Although the two franchises have enjoyed near equal success, the city rivalries are rather lopsided and in both cases, a team's championships have predated to the other's first one in that particular location . When the two teams were based in New York, the Giants won five World Series championships, and the Dodgers one . After the move to California, the Dodgers have won five in Los Angeles, the Giants have won three in San Francisco . </P> <P> The Dodgers were founded in 1883 as the Brooklyn Atlantics, taking the name of a defunct team that had played in Brooklyn before them . The team joined the American Association in 1884 and won the AA championship in 1889 before joining the National League in 1890 . They promptly won the NL Championship their first year in the League . The team was known alternatively as the Bridegrooms, Grooms, Superbas, Robins, and Trolley Dodgers before officially becoming the Dodgers in the 1930s . </P>

How many times have the dodgers gone to world series