<P> The Zen teaching was a separate transmission outside the scriptural teachings that did not posit any written texts as sacred . Zen pointed directly to the human mind to enable people to see their real nature and become buddhas . </P> <P> During the early Tang dynasty, between 629 and 645, the monk Xuanzang journeyed to India and visited over one hundred kingdoms, and wrote extensive and detailed reports of his findings, which have subsequently become important for the study of India during this period . During his travels he visited holy sites, learned the lore of his faith, and studied with many famous Buddhist masters, especially at the famous center of Buddhist learning at Nālanda University . When he returned, he brought with him some 657 Sanskrit texts . Xuanzang also returned with relics, statues, and Buddhist paraphernalia loaded onto twenty - two horses . With the emperor's support, he set up a large translation bureau in Chang'an (present - day Xi'an), drawing students and collaborators from all over East Asia . He is credited with the translation of some 1,330 fascicles of scriptures into Chinese . His strongest personal interest in Buddhism was in the field of Yogācāra, or "Consciousness - only". </P> <P> The force of his own study, translation and commentary of the texts of these traditions initiated the development of the Faxiang school in East Asia . Although the school itself did not thrive for a long time, its theories regarding perception, consciousness, karma, rebirth, etc. found their way into the doctrines of other more successful schools . Xuanzang's closest and most eminent student was Kuiji who became recognized as the first patriarch of the Faxiang school . Xuanzang's logic, as described by Kuiji, was often misunderstood by scholars of Chinese Buddhism because they lack the necessary background in Indian logic . Another important disciple was the Korean monk Woncheuk . </P> <P> Xuanzang's translations were especially important for the transmission of Indian texts related to the Yogācāra school . He translated central Yogācāra texts such as the Saṃdhinirmocana Sūtra and the Yogācārabhūmi Śāstra, as well as important texts such as the Mahāprajñāpāramitā Sūtra and the Bhaiṣajyaguruvaidūryaprabharāja Sūtra (Medicine Buddha Sūtra). He is credited with writing or compiling the Cheng Weishi Lun (Vijñaptimātratāsiddhi Śāstra) as a commentary on these texts . His translation of the Heart Sūtra became and remains the standard in all East Asian Buddhist sects . The proliferation of these sūtras expanded the Chinese Buddhist canon significantly with high quality translations of some of the most important Indian Buddhist texts . </P>

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