<P> Mesothelium derives from the embryonic mesoderm cell layer, that lines the coelom (body cavity) in the embryo . It develops into the layer of cells that covers and protects most of the internal organs of the body . </P> <P> The mesothelium forms a monolayer of flattened squamous - like epithelial cells resting on a thin basement membrane supported by dense irregular connective tissue . Cuboidal mesothelial cells may be found at areas of injury, the milky spots of the omentum, and the peritoneal side of the diaphragm overlaying the lymphatic lacunae . The luminal surface is covered with microvilli . The proteins and serosal fluid trapped by the microvilli provide a slippery surface for internal organs to slide past one another . </P> <P> The mesothelium is composed of an extensive monolayer of specialized cells (mesothelial cells) that line the body's serous cavities and internal organs . The main purpose of these cells is to produce a lubricating fluid that is released between layers, providing a slippery, non-adhesive, and protective surface to facilitate intracoelomic movement . </P> <P> The mesothelium is also implicated in the transport and movement of fluid and particulate matter across the serosal cavities, leukocyte migration in response to inflammatory mediators, synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines, growth factors, and extracellular matrix proteins to aid in serosal repair, and the release of factors to promote the disposition and clearance of fibrin (such as plasminogen). Mesothelial cells are capable of phagocytosis and are antigen presenting cells . Furthermore, the secretion of glycosaminoglycans and lubricants may protect the body against infection and tumor dissemination . </P>

Mesothelium is to the linings of the body cavities as endothelium is to the linings of the