<Ul> <Li> Tower of London (TOL) is another test that was developed in 1992 (Shallice 1992) specifically to detect deficits in planning as may occur with damage to the frontal lobe . Test participants with damage to the left anterior frontal lobe demonstrated planning deficits (i.e., greater number of moves required for solution). </Li> </Ul> <Li> Tower of London (TOL) is another test that was developed in 1992 (Shallice 1992) specifically to detect deficits in planning as may occur with damage to the frontal lobe . Test participants with damage to the left anterior frontal lobe demonstrated planning deficits (i.e., greater number of moves required for solution). </Li> <P> In test participants with damage to the right anterior, and left or right posterior areas of the frontal lobes showed no impairment . The results implicating the left anterior frontal lobes involvement in solving the TOL were supported in concomitant neuroimaging studies which also showed a reduction in regional cerebral blood flow to the left pre-frontal lobe . For the number of moves, a significant negative correlation was observed for the left prefrontal area: i.e. subjects that took more time planning their moves showed greater activation in the left prefrontal area . </P> <P> Public policy planning includes environmental, land use, regional, urban and spatial planning . In many countries, the operation of a town and country planning system is often referred to as "planning" and the professionals which operate the system are known as "planners". </P>

Who said this planning is the process of devising a basis for a future course of action