<P> New Federalism is a political philosophy of devolution, or the transfer of certain powers from the United States federal government back to the states . The primary objective of New Federalism, unlike that of the eighteenth - century political philosophy of Federalism, is the restoration to the states of some of the autonomy and power which they lost to the federal government as a consequence of President Franklin Roosevelt's New Deal . </P> <P> As a policy theme, New Federalism typically involves the federal government providing block grants to the states to resolve a social issue . The federal government then monitors outcomes but provides broad discretion to the states for how the programs are implemented . Advocates of this approach sometimes cite a quotation from a dissent by Louis Brandeis in New State Ice Co. v. Liebmann: </P> <P> It is one of the happy incidents of the federal system that a single courageous state may, if its citizens choose, serve as a laboratory; and try novel social and economic experiments without risk to the rest of the country . </P>

Which era of federalism aimed to give more control back to the states