<P> By 11 a.m., it was clear that a breakthrough was not forthcoming and the advances by Sherman and McPherson were failures . Just then, Grant received a message from McClernand, which stated that he was heavily engaged, the Confederates were being reinforced, and he requested a diversion on his right from McPherson's corps . Grant initially refused the request, telling McClernand to use his own reserve forces for assistance; Grant was mistakenly under the impression that McClernand had been lightly engaged and McPherson heavily, although the reverse was true . McClernand followed up with a message that was partially misleading, implying that he had captured two forts--"The Stars and Stripes are flying over them ."--and that another push along the line would achieve victory for the Union Army . Although Grant once again demurred, he showed the dispatch to Sherman, who ordered his own corps to advance again . Grant, reconsidering, then ordered McPherson to send Quinby's division to aid McClernand . </P> <P> Sherman ordered two more assaults . At 2: 15 p.m., Giles Smith and Ransom moved out and were repulsed immediately . At 3 p.m., Tuttle's division suffered so many casualties in their aborted advance that Sherman told Tuttle, "This is murder; order those troops back ." By this time, Steele's division had finally maneuvered into position on Sherman's right, and at 4 p.m., Steele gave the order to charge against the 26th Louisiana Redoubt . They had no more success than any of Sherman's other assaults . </P> <P> In McPherson's sector, Logan's division made another thrust down the Jackson Road at about 2 p.m., but met with heavy losses and the attack was called off . McClernand attacked again, reinforced by Quinby's division, but with no success . Union casualties were 502 killed, 2,550 wounded, and 147 missing, about evenly divided across the three corps . Confederate casualties were not reported directly, but are estimated to be under 500 . Grant blamed McClernand's misleading dispatches for part of the poor results of the day, storing up another grievance against the political general who had caused him so many aggravations during the campaign . </P> <P> Historian Shelby Foote wrote that Grant "did not regret having made the assaults; he only regretted that they had failed ." Grant reluctantly settled into a siege . On May 25, Lt. Col. John A. Rawlins issued Special Orders No. 140 for Grant: "Corps Commanders will immediately commence the work of reducing the enemy by regular approaches . It is desirable that no more loss of life shall be sustained in the reduction of Vicksburg, and the capture of the Garrison . Every advantage will be taken of the natural inequalities of the ground to gain positions from which to start mines, trenches, or advance batteries ..." Grant wrote in his memoirs, "I now determined upon a regular siege--to' out - camp the enemy,' as it were, and to incur no more losses ." </P>

How many days did it take the union forces to reach vicksburg after the victory at jackson