<P> Fauvism is the style of les Fauves (French for "the wild beasts"), a group of early twentieth - century modern artists whose works emphasized painterly qualities and strong color over the representational or realistic values retained by Impressionism . While Fauvism as a style began around 1904 and continued beyond 1910, the movement as such lasted only a few years, 1905--1908, and had three exhibitions . The leaders of the movement were André Derain and Henri Matisse . </P> <P> Besides Matisse and Derain, other artists included Albert Marquet, Charles Camoin, Louis Valtat, Jean Puy, Maurice de Vlaminck, Henri Manguin, Raoul Dufy, Othon Friesz, Georges Rouault, Jean Metzinger, Kees van Dongen and Georges Braque (subsequently Picasso's partner in Cubism). </P> <P> The paintings of the Fauves were characterized by seemingly wild brush work and strident colors, while their subject matter had a high degree of simplification and abstraction . Fauvism can be classified as an extreme development of Van Gogh's Post-Impressionism fused with the pointillism of Seurat and other Neo-Impressionist painters, in particular Paul Signac . Other key influences were Paul Cézanne and Paul Gauguin, whose employment of areas of saturated color--notably in paintings from Tahiti--strongly influenced Derain's work at Collioure in 1905 . In 1888 Gauguin had said to Paul Sérusier: "How do you see these trees? They are yellow . So, put in yellow; this shadow, rather blue, paint it with pure ultramarine; these red leaves? Put in vermilion ." Fauvism has been compared to Expressionism, both in its use of pure color and unconstrained brushwork . Some of the Fauves were among the first avant - garde artists to collect and study African and Oceanic art, alongside other forms of non-Western and folk art, leading several Fauves toward the development Cubism . </P> <P> Gustave Moreau was the movement's inspirational teacher; a controversial professor at the École des Beaux - Arts in Paris and a Symbolist painter, he taught Matisse, Marquet, Manguin, Rouault and Camoin during the 1890s, and was viewed by critics as the group's philosophical leader until Matisse was recognized as such in 1904 . Moreau's broad - mindedness, originality and affirmation of the expressive potency of pure color was inspirational for his students . Matisse said of him, "He did not set us on the right roads, but off the roads . He disturbed our complacency ." This source of empathy was taken away with Moreau's death in 1898, but the artists discovered other catalysts for their development . </P>

An important focus in the work of the fauve artists was