<P> The governments of the countries an NGO works or is registered in may require reporting or other monitoring and oversight . Funders generally require reporting and assessment, such information is not necessarily publicly available . There may also be associations and watchdog organizations that research and publish details on the actions of NGOs working in particular geographic or program areas . </P> <P> In recent years, many large corporations have increased their corporate social responsibility departments in an attempt to preempt NGO campaigns against certain corporate practices . As the logic goes, if corporations work with NGOs, NGOs will not work against corporations . Greater collaboration between corporations and NGOs creates inherent risks of co-optation for the weaker partner, typically the nonprofit involved . </P> <P> In December 2007, The United States Department of Defense Assistant Secretary of Defense (Health Affairs) S. Ward Casscells established an International Health Division under Force Health Protection & Readiness . Part of International Health's mission is to communicate with NGOs in areas of mutual interest . Department of Defense Directive 3000.05, in 2005, requires DoD to regard stability - enhancing activities as a mission of importance equal to combat . In compliance with international law, DoD has necessarily built a capacity to improve essential services in areas of conflict such as Iraq, where the customary lead agencies (State Department and USAID) find it difficult to operate . Unlike the "co-option" strategy described for corporations, the OASD (HA) recognizes the neutrality of health as an essential service . International Health cultivates collaborative relationships with NGOs, albeit at arms - length, recognizing their traditional independence, expertise and honest broker status . While the goals of DoD and NGOs may seem incongruent, the DoD's emphasis on stability and security to reduce and prevent conflict suggests, on careful analysis, important mutual interests . </P> <P> International non-governmental organizations have a history dating back to at least the late eighteenth century . It has been estimated that by 1914, there were 1083 NGOs . International NGOs were important in the anti-slavery movement and the movement for women's suffrage, and reached a peak at the time of the World Disarmament Conference . However, the phrase "non-governmental organization" only came into popular use with the establishment of the United Nations Organization in 1945 with provisions in Article 71 of Chapter 10 of the United Nations Charter for a consultative role for organizations which are neither governments nor member states--see Consultative Status . The definition of "international NGO" (INGO) is first given in resolution 288 (X) of ECOSOC on February 27, 1950: it is defined as "any international organization that is not founded by an international treaty". The vital role of NGOs and other "major groups" in sustainable development was recognized in Chapter 27 of Agenda 21, leading to intense arrangements for a consultative relationship between the United Nations and non-governmental organizations . It has been observed that the number of INGO founded or dissolved matches the general "state of the world", rising in periods of growth and declining in periods of crisis . </P>

What is the opposite of a non profit organization