<P> In April 1958, Nkrumah hosted the first All - African People's Conference (AAPC) in Accra, Ghana . The Conference invited delegates of political movements and major political leaders . With the exception of South Africa, all Independent States of the Continent attended: Egypt, Ethiopia, Ghana, Liberia, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia and Sudan . The Conference signified a monumental event in the pan-African movement, as it revealed a political and social union between those considered Arabic states and the black African regions . Further, the Conference espoused a common African Nationalist identity, among the States, of unity and anti-Imperialism . Frantz Fanon, journalist, freedom fighter and a member of the Algerian FLN party attended the conference as a delegate for Algeria . Considering the armed struggle of the FLN against French colonial rule, the attendees of the Conference agreed to support the struggle of those States under colonial oppression . This encouraged the commitment of direct involvement in the "emancipation of the Continent; thus, a fight against colonial pressures on South Africa was declared and the full support of the FLN struggle in Algeria, against French colonial rule" ". In the years following 1958, Accra Conference also marked the establishment of a new foreign policy of non-alignment as between the US and USSR, and the will to found an "African Identity" in global affairs by advocating a unity between the African States on international relations . "This would be based on the Bandung Declaration, the Charter of the UN and on loyalty to UN decisions ." </P> <P> In 1959, Nkrumah, President Sékou Touré of Guinea and President William Tubman of Liberia met at Sanniquellie and signed the Sanniquellie Declaration outlining the principles for the achievement of the unity of Independent African States whilst maintaining a national identity and autonomous constitutional structure . The Declaration called for a revised understanding of pan-Africanism and the uniting of the Independent States . In 1960, the second All - African People's Conference was held in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia . The membership of the All - African People's Organisation (AAPO) had increased with the inclusion of the "Algerian Provisional Government (as they had not yet won independence), Cameroun, Guinea, Nigeria, Somalia and the United Arab Republic". The Conference highlighted diverging ideologies within the movement, as Nkrumah's call for a political and economic union between the Independent African States gained little agreement . The disagreements following 1960 gave rise to two rival factions within the pan-African movement: the Casablanca Bloc and the Brazzaville Bloc . </P> <P> In 1962, Algeria gained independence from French colonial rule and Ahmed Ben Bella assumed Presidency . Ben Bella was a strong advocate for pan-Africanism and an African Unity . Following the FLN's armed struggle for liberation, Ben Bella spoke at the UN and espoused for Independent Africa's role in providing military and financial support to the African liberation movements opposing apartheid and fighting Portuguese colonialism . In search of a united voice, in 1963 at an African Summit conference in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 32 African states met and established the Organization of African Unity (OAU). The creation of the OAU Charter took place at this Summit and defines a coordinated "effort to raise the standard of living of member States and defend their sovereignty" by supporting freedom fighters and decolonisation . Thus, was the formation of the African Liberation Committee (ALC), during the 1963 Summit . Championing the support of liberation movements, was Algeria's President Ben Bella, immediately "donated 100 million francs to its finances and was one of the first countries, of the Organisation to boycott Portuguese and South African goods". </P> <P> In 1969, Algiers hosted the Pan-African Cultural Festival, on July 21 and it continued for 10 days . The festival attracted thousands from African states and the African Diaspora, including the Black Panthers . It symbolised the new pan-African identity, of regions with a shared experience of colonisation . The Festival further strengthened Algeria's President, Boumediene's standing in Africa and the Third World . </P>

Where did the pan african movement take place