<Tr> <Th> Final ruler </Th> <Td> Murrough O'Brien, King of Thomond </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Current head </Th> <Td> Conor O'Brien, Prince of Thomond and 18th Baron Inchiquin </Td> </Tr> <P> The O'Brien dynasty (Classical Irish Irish: Ua Briain, (Modern Irish Ó Briain, IPA: / oːˈbjɾjiənj /), genitive Uí Bhriain, IPA: / iːˈβjɾjiənj /) are a royal and noble house founded in the 10th century by Brian Boru of the Dál gCais or Dalcassians . After becoming King of Munster, through conquest he established himself as Ard Rí na hÉireann (High King of Ireland). Brian's descendants thus carried the name Ó Briain, continuing to rule the Kingdom of Munster until the 12th century where their territory had shrunk to the Kingdom of Thomond which they would hold for just under five centuries . </P> <P> In total, four Ó Briains ruled in Munster, and two held the High Kingship of Ireland (with opposition). After the partition of Munster into Thomond and the MacCarthy Kingdom of Desmond by Tairrdelbach Ua Conchobair in the 12th century, the dynasty would go on to provide around thirty monarchs of Thomond until 1542 . During part of this period in the late 13th century they had a rivalry with the Norman de Clare house, disputing the throne of Thomond . The last Ó Briain to reign in Thomond was Murrough Ó Briain who surrendered his sovereignty to the new Kingdom of Ireland under Henry VIII of the House of Tudor, becoming instead Earl of Thomond and maintaining a role in governance . Today the head carries the title of Prince of Thomond, and depending on succession sometimes also Baron Inchiquin . </P>

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