<P> Champaran Satyagraha was the first to be started, but the word Satyagraha was used for the first time in Anti Rowlatt Act agitation . </P> <P> Champaran is a district in the state of Bihar . Under Colonial era laws, many tenant farmers were forced to grow some indigo on a portion of their land as a condition of their tenancy . This indigo was used to make dye . The Germans had invented a cheaper artificial dye so the demand for indigo fell . Some tenants paid more rent in return for being let off having to grow indigo . However, during the First World War the German dye ceased to be available and so indigo became profitable again . Thus many tenants were once again forced to grow it on a portion of their land - as was required by their lease . Naturally, this created much anger and resentment . </P> <P> Many tenants alleged that Landlords had used strong - arm tactics to exact illegal cesses and to extort them in other ways . This issue had been highlighted by a number of lawyer / politicians and there had also been a Commission of Inquiry . Raj Kumar Shukla, a money lender who also owned some land, persuaded Gandhi to go to Champaran and thus, the Champaran Satyagraha began . Gandhi arrived in Champaran 10 April 1917 with a team of eminent lawyers: Brajkishore Prasad, Rajendra Prasad, Anugrah Narayan Sinha Ramnavmi Prasad, and others including J.B. Kripalani . </P> <P> Gandhi established the first - ever basic school at Barharwa Lakhansen village, 30 km east from the district headquarters at Dhaka, East Champaran, on November 13, 1917, organising scores of his veteran supporters and fresh volunteers from the region . His handpicked team of eminent lawyers comprising Dr. Rajendra Prasad, Dr. Anugrah Narayan Sinha & Babu Brajkishore Prasad organised a detailed study and survey of the villages, accounting the atrocities and terrible episodes of suffering, including the general state of degenerate living . </P>

Who led the champaran satyagraha why was it started
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