<P> Rome 50,000 . Paris 25,000 . Regensburg 25,000 . Metz 25,000 . Mainz 20,000 . Speyer 20,000 . Tours 20,000 . Trier 15,000 . Cologne 15,000 . Lyon 12,000 . Worms 10,000 . Poitiers 10,000 . Provins 10,000 . Rennes 10,000 . Rouen 10,000 . </P> <P> The government, administration, and organisation of the Carolingian Empire were forged in the court of Charlemagne in the decades around the year 800 . In this year, Charlemagne was crowned emperor and adapted his existing royal administration to live up to the expectations of his new title . The political reforms wrought in Aachen were to have an immense impact on the political definition of Western Europe for the rest of the Middle Ages . The Carolingian improvements on the old Merovingian mechanisms of governance have been lauded by historians for the increased central control, efficient bureaucracy, accountability, and cultural renaissance . </P> <P> The Carolingian Empire was the largest western territory since the fall of Rome, but historians have come to suspect the depth of the emperor's influence and control . Legally, the Carolingian emperor exercised the bannum, the right to rule and command, over all of his territories . Also, he had supreme jurisdiction in judicial matters, made legislation, led the army, and protected both the Church and the poor . His administration was an attempt to organise the kingdom, church and nobility around him, however, its efficacy was directly dependent upon the efficiency, loyalty and support of his subjects . </P> <P> It has long been held that the dominance of the Carolingian military was based on a "cavalry revolution" led by Charles Martel in 730 . However, the stirrup, which made the' shock cavalry' lance charge possible, was not introduced to the Frankish kingdom until the late eighth century . Instead, the Carolingian military success rested primarily on novel siege technologies and excellent logistics . However, large numbers of horses were used by the Frankish military during the age of Charlemagne . This was because horses provided a quick, long - distance method of transporting troops, which was critical to building and maintaining such a large empire . </P>

It was the policy of the carolingians to use the church to
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