<Table> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> This section needs expansion . You can help by adding to it . (March 2011) </Td> </Tr> </Table> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> This section needs expansion . You can help by adding to it . (March 2011) </Td> </Tr> <P> After 57 years as the capital of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic of the Soviet Union, Kiev became the capital of independent Ukraine in 1991 . </P> <P> The city was the site of mass protests over the 2004 Ukrainian presidential election by supporters of opposition candidate Viktor Yushchenko beginning on 22 November 2004 at Independence Square . Much smaller counter-protests in favor of Viktor Yanukovych also took place . </P>

When did kiev become the capital of ukraine