<P> Efforts to engineer the pathway into more complex animals, such as sheep, have not been effective . This illustrates that much more research needs to be done on the topic, and suggests it is possible that a high expression of the cycle in animals would not be tolerated by the chemistry of the cell . Incorporating the cycle into mammals will benefit from advances in nuclear transfer technology, which will enable engineers to examine and access the pathway for functional integration within the genome before its transfer to animals . </P> <P> There are possible benefits, however, to the cycle's absence in mammalian cells . The cycle is present in microorganisms that cause disease but is absent in mammals, for example humans . There is a strong plausibility of the development of antibiotics that would attack the glyoxylate cycle, which would kill the disease - causing microorganisms that depend on the cycle for their survival, yet would not harm humans where the cycle, and thus the enzymes that the antibiotic would target, are absent . </P>

Fatty acid metabolism bypasses which of the following processes