<P> The Treaty of Ghent technically required the United States to cease hostilities and "forthwith to restore to such Tribes or Nations respectively all possessions, rights and privileges which they may have enjoyed, or been entitled to in 1811"; the United States ignored this article of the treaty and proceeded to expand into this territory regardless; Britain was unwilling to provoke further war to enforce it . A shocked Henry Goulburn, one of the British negotiators at Ghent, remarked: </P> <P> Till I came here, I had no idea of the fixed determination which there is in the heart of every American to extirpate the Indians and appropriate their territory . </P> <P> The Creek War came to an end, with the Treaty of Fort Jackson being imposed upon the Indians . About half of the Creek territory was ceded to the United States, with no payment made to the Creeks . This was, in theory, invalidated by Article 9 of the Treaty of Ghent . The British failed to press the issue, and did not take up the Indian cause as an infringement of an international treaty . Without this support, the Indians' lack of power was apparent and the stage was set for further incursions of territory by the United States in subsequent decades . </P> <P> Neither side lost territory in the war, nor did the treaty that ended it address the original points of contention--and yet it changed much between the United States of America and Britain . </P>

What country was not directly involved in the war of 1812