<P> After the initial meeting, delegates returned to their home territories to establish local chapters . By mid-September 1905, they had established chapters in 21 states and the organization had 170 members by year's end . Du Bois founded a magazine, the Moon, in an attempt to establish an official mouthpiece for the organization . It failed due to a lack of funding after only a few months of publication . A second publication, The Horizon, was started in 1907 and survived until 1910 . </P> <P> The movement's second meeting, the first to be held on U.S. soil, took place at Harpers Ferry, West Virginia, the site of abolitionist John Brown's 1859 raid . The three - day gathering, from August 15 to 18, 1906, took place at the campus of Storer College (now part of Harpers Ferry National Historical Park). Convention attendees discussed how to secure civil rights for African Americans, and the meeting was later described by Du Bois as "one of the greatest meetings that American Negroes ever held ." Attendees walked from Storer College to the nearby Murphy Family farm, relocation site of the historic fort where John Brown's quest to end slavery reached its bloody climax . Once there they removed their shoes and socks to honor the hallowed ground and participated in a ceremony of remembrance . </P> <P> Several of the organization's chapters made substantive contributions to the advance of civil rights in 1906 . The Massachusetts chapter successfully lobbied against state legislation for the segregation of railroad cars, but was unable to stop the state from helping to fund the Jamestown Exposition, a commemoration of the founding of racially motivated Jamestown, Virginia, in which Virginia sought to limit black admission . The Illinois chapter convinced Chicago theater critics to ignore a production of The Clansman . </P> <P> During the early months of 1906 friction began to develop between Du Bois and Trotter over the admission of women to the organization . Du Bois supported the idea, and Trotter opposed it, but eventually relented, and the matter was smoothed over during the 1906 meeting . Their division became more significant when Trotter split with longtime supporter and Movement member Clement Morgan over Massachusetts politics and control of the local Movement chapter, with Du Bois siding with the latter . When the Movement met in Boston in 1907 Du Bois not only admitted Grimké and Miller to the organization, he reappointed Morgan to a leading position in the organization . Further attempts to heal the rift failed, and Trotter then resigned from the Movement . </P>

What provided the immediate impetus for the niagara movement