<P> Air pollution is contributing to increased Red Spruce tree mortality at higher elevations and oak decline at lower elevations, while invasive hemlock woolly adelgids attack Hemlocks and balsam woolly adelgids attack Fraser firs . Pseudoscymnus tsugae, a type of beetle in the ladybug family, Coccinellidae, has been introduced in an attempt to control the pests . </P> <P> Visibility now is dramatically reduced by smog from both the Southeastern United States and the Midwest, and smog forecasts are prepared daily by the Environmental Protection Agency for both nearby Knoxville, Tennessee and Asheville, North Carolina . </P> <P> Environmental threats are the concern of many non-profit environmental stewardship groups, especially The Friends of the Smokies . Formed in 1993, the friends group assists the National Park Service in its mission to preserve and protect the Great Smoky Mountains National Park by raising funds and public awareness, and providing volunteers for needed projects . </P> <P> Native Americans have likely been hunting in the Great Smoky Mountains for 14,000 years . Numerous Archaic period (c. 8000--1000 B.C.) artifacts have been found within the national park's boundaries, including projectile points uncovered along likely animal migration paths . Woodland period (c. 1000 B.C. - 1000 A.D.) sites found within the park contained 2000 + - year - old ceramics and evidence of primitive agriculture . </P>

How did the great smoky mountains get its name