<P> The word ecotone was coined from a combination of eco (logy) plus - tone, from the Greek tonos or tension--in other words, a place where ecologies are in tension . </P> <P> There are several distinguishing features of an ecotone . First, an ecotone can have a sharp vegetation transition, with a distinct line between two communities . For example, a change in colors of grasses or plant life can indicate an ecotone . Second, a change in physiognomy (physical appearance of a plant species) can be a key indicator . Water bodies, such as estuaries, can also have a region of transition, and the boundary is characterized by the differences in heights of the macrophytes or plant species present in the areas because this distinguishes the two areas' accessibility to light . Scientists look at color variations and changes in plant height . Third, a change of species can signal an ecotone . There will be specific organisms on one side of an ecotone or the other . </P> <P> Other factors can illustrate or obscure an ecotone, for example, migration and the establishment of new plants . These are known as spatial mass effects, which are noticeable because some organisms will not be able to form self - sustaining populations if they cross the ecotone . If different species can survive in both communities of the two biomes, then the ecotone is considered to have species richness; ecologists measure this when studying the food chain and success of organisms . Lastly, the abundance of exotic species in an ecotone can reveal the type of biome or efficiency of the two communities sharing space . Because an ecotone is the zone in which two communities integrate, many different forms of life have to live together and compete for space . Therefore, an ecotone can create a diverse ecosystem . </P> <P> Changes in the physical environment may produce a sharp boundary, as in the example of the interface between areas of forest and cleared land . Elsewhere, a more gradually blended interface area will be found, where species from each community will be found together as well as unique local species . Mountain ranges often create such ecotones, due to the wide variety of climatic conditions experienced on their slopes . They may also provide a boundary between species due to the obstructive nature of their terrain . Mont Ventoux in France is a good example, marking the boundary between the flora and fauna of northern and southern France . Most wetlands are ecotones . The spatial variation of ecotones often form due to disturbances, creating patches that separate patches of vegetation . Different intensity of disturbances can cause landslides, land shifts, or movement of sediment that can create these vegetation patches and ecotones . </P>

Why hilly region of nepal is considered as ecotone