<Tr> <Td> Vulnerability to Stress </Td> <Td> Positive Emotion </Td> <Td> Values </Td> <Td> Tendermindedness </Td> <Td> Deliberation </Td> </Tr> <P> In the 1970s, Paul Costa and Robert McCrae were researching age - related changes in personality . Costa and McCrae reported that they began by looking for the broad and agreed - upon traits of Neuroticism (N) and Extraversion (E), but cluster analyses led them to a third broad trait, Openness to Experience (O). The original version of the inventory, which was published in 1978, included only those three factors . The inventory was then called the Neuroticism - Extraversion - Openness Inventory (NEO-I). This version would be included in the Augmented Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging . </P> <P> Based on data from the Baltimore study, Costa and McCrae recognized two additional factors: Agreeableness (A) and Conscientiousness (C). Accordingly, in 1985 they published the first manual for the NEO that included all five factors, which are now known as the Big Five personality personality traits . Costa and McCrae renamed their instrument the NEO Personality Inventory (NEO PI). In this version, "NEO" was now considered part of the name of the test and was no longer an acronym . The assessment at this time included six facet sub-scales for the three original factors (N, E, & O). This naming convention continued with the third version, with the Revised NEO Personality Inventory, published in 1990, being referred to as NEO PI - R . </P> <P> Research began to accumulate that indicated that the five factors were sufficiently broad and useful . There were also calls for a more detailed view of personality . In 1992 Costa and McCrae published a Revised NEO manual which included six facets for each factor (30 in total). </P>

Revised neo personality inventory (neo-pi-r) and neo five-factor inventory (neo-ffi) manual