<P> The park encompasses 522,419 acres (816.28 sq mi; 211,415.47 ha; 2,114.15 km), making it one of the largest protected areas in the eastern United States . The main park entrances are located along U.S. Highway 441 (Newfound Gap Road) at the towns of Gatlinburg, Tennessee, and Cherokee, North Carolina . Great Smoky Mountains was the first national park whose land and other costs were paid for in part with federal funds; previous parks were funded wholly with state money or private funds . </P> <P> Before the arrival of European settlers, the region was part of the homeland of the Cherokees . Frontiers people began settling the land in the 18th and early 19th century . In 1830 President Andrew Jackson signed the Indian Removal Act, beginning the process that eventually resulted in the forced removal of all Indian tribes east of the Mississippi River to what is now Oklahoma . Many of the Cherokee left, but some, led by renegade warrior Tsali, hid out in the area that is now the Great Smoky Mountains National Park . Some of their descendants now live in the Qualla Boundary to the south of the park . </P> <P> As white settlers arrived, logging grew as a major industry in the mountains, and a rail line, the Little River Railroad, was constructed in the late - 19th Century to haul timber out of the remote regions of the area . Cut - and - run - style clearcutting was destroying the natural beauty of the area, so visitors and locals banded together to raise money for preservation of the land . The U.S. National Park Service wanted a park in the eastern United States, but did not have much money to establish one . Though Congress had authorized the park in 1926, there was no nucleus of federally owned land around which to build a park . John D. Rockefeller, Jr., contributed $5 million, the U.S. government added $2 million, and private citizens from Tennessee and North Carolina pitched in to assemble the land for the park, piece by piece . Slowly, mountain homesteaders, miners, and loggers were evicted from the land . Farms and timbering operations were abolished to establish the protected areas of the park . Travel writer Horace Kephart, for whom Mount Kephart was named, and photographers Jim Thompson and George Masa were instrumental in fostering the development of the park . Former Governor Ben W. Hooper of Tennessee was the principal land purchasing agent for the park, which was officially established on 15 June 1934 . During the Great Depression, the Civilian Conservation Corps, the Works Progress Administration, and other federal organizations made trails, fire watchtowers, and other infrastructure improvements to the park and Smoky Mountains . </P> <P> It was also a site for filming of parts of Disney's hit 1950s TV series, Davy Crockett, King of the Wild Frontier . </P>

When did the smoky mountains became a national park