<P> In People v. Aguilar (2013), the Illinois Supreme Court summed up the central Second Amendment findings in McDonald: </P> <P> Two years later, in McDonald v. City of Chicago, 561 U.S. ___, ___, 130 S. Ct. 3020, 3050 (2010), the Supreme Court held that the second amendment right recognized in Heller is fully applicable to the states through the due process clause of the fourteenth amendment . In so holding, the Court reiterated that "the Second Amendment protects the right to keep and bear arms for the purpose of self - defense" (id . at ___, 130 S. Ct . at 3026); that "individual self - defense is' the central component' of the Second Amendment right" (emphasis in original) (id . at ___, 130 S. Ct . at 3036 (quoting Heller, 554 U.S. at 599)); and that "(s) elf - defense is a basic right, recognized by many legal systems from ancient times to the present day" (id . at ___, 130 S. Ct . at 3036). </P> <P> Writing for the majority, Justice Alito held that the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment incorporates the Second Amendment right recognized in Heller . Writing a concurring opinion, Justice Thomas reached the same conclusion regarding the incorporation issue on different grounds: Privileges or Immunities Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment . The majority decision also reaffirmed that certain firearms restrictions mentioned in District of Columbia v. Heller are assumed permissible and not directly dealt with in this case . Such restrictions include those to "prohibit...the possession of firearms by felons or mentally ill" and "laws forbidding the carrying of firearms in sensitive places such as schools and government buildings, or laws imposing conditions and qualifications on the commercial sale of arms". </P> <P> Justice Stevens wrote a lengthy dissenting opinion . Among his disagreements with the majority was the statement that incorporation was not at issue in this case . Citing Cruikshank, Stevens wrote, "The so - called incorporation question was squarely and, in my view, correctly resolved in the late 19th century ." In addition, he argued against incorporation, taking issue with the methodology of the majority opinions . </P>

Who wrote the majority opinion in mcdonald v. chicago