<P> In a different approach, anthropologist C. Loring Brace said: </P> <P> The simple answer is that, as members of the society that poses the question, they are inculcated into the social conventions that determine the expected answer . They should also be aware of the biological inaccuracies contained in that "politically correct" answer . Skeletal analysis provides no direct assessment of skin color, but it does allow an accurate estimate of original geographical origins . African, eastern Asian, and European ancestry can be specified with a high degree of accuracy . Africa of course entails "black", but "black" does not entail African . </P> <P> In association with a NOVA program in 2000 about race, he wrote an essay opposing use of the term . </P> <P> A 2002 study found that about 13% of human craniometric variation existed between regions, while 81% existed within regions (the other 6% existed between local populations within the same region). In contrast, the opposite pattern of genetic variation was observed for skin color (which is often used to define race), with 88% of variation between regions . The study concluded that "The apportionment of genetic diversity in skin color is atypical, and cannot be used for purposes of classification ." Similarly, a 2009 study found that craniometrics could be used accurately to determine what part of the world someone was from based on their cranium; however, this study also found that there were no abrupt boundaries that separated craniometric variation into distinct racial groups . Another 2009 study showed that American blacks and whites had different skeletal morphologies, and that significant patterning in variation in these traits exists within continents . This suggests that classifying humans into races based on skeletal characteristics would necessitate many different "races" being defined . </P>

Who invented a classification system of four subspecies of humans