<P> Prevailing wind patterns interact with local topographic conditions to produce significant variations in rainfall throughout the archipelago . In general, western and northern parts of Indonesia experience the most precipitation, since the north - and westward - moving monsoon clouds are heavy with moisture by the time they reach these more distant regions . Western Sumatra, Java, Bali, the interiors of Kalimantan, Sulawesi, and Papua are the most predictably damp regions of Indonesia, with rainfall measuring more than 2,000 millimeters (78.7 in) per year . In part, this moisture originates on high mountain peaks that trap damp air . The city of Bogor, near Jakarta, lays claim to having the world's highest number of thunderstorm days per year--322 . On the other hand, the islands closest to Australia--including Nusa Tenggara and the eastern tip of Java--tend to be dry, with some areas experiencing less than 1,000 millimeters (39.4 in) per year . To complicate the situation, some of the islands of the southern Malukus experience highly unpredictable rainfall patterns, depending on local wind currents . </P> <P> Although air temperature changes little from season to season or from one region to the next, cooler temperatures prevail at higher elevations . In general, temperatures drop approximately 1 ° C per 90 - meter increase in elevation from sea level with some high - altitude interior mountain regions experiencing night frosts . The highest mountain ranges in Papua are permanently capped with snow . </P>

Compare the kinds of climate in pakistan and indonesia