<P> William Gillette's 1899 stage play Sherlock Holmes is based on several stories, among them "The Final Problem ." Films released in 1916 (starring Gillette as Holmes) and 1922 (starring John Barrymore), both titled Sherlock Holmes, were based on the play, as well as a 1938 Mercury Theatre on the Air radio adaptation titled The Immortal Sherlock Holmes, starring Orson Welles as Holmes, although in none of these retellings does Holmes die (and indeed in the two film versions he marries). </P> <P> The 1931 film The Sleeping Cardinal is based in part on "The Adventure of the Empty House" and "The Final Problem ." The scene from "The Final Problem" in which Moriarty confronts Holmes at Baker Street and attempts to persuade Holmes to stop his investigations is used in the films The Triumph of Sherlock Holmes (1935) and The Woman in Green (1945). A variation on this scene is also used in "The Great Game," the third episode of the 2010 BBC television series Sherlock . </P> <P> In the 1939 film series starring Basil Rathbone as Holmes and Nigel Bruce as Watson, a number of films borrow elements from "The Final Problem". Most noticeable of these elements is the methods of killing Moriarty off; in The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, Sherlock Holmes and the Secret Weapon and The Woman in Green Moriarty is seen in all three films falling a great height to his death . The Woman in Green contains a variation on the conversation between Holmes and Moriarty in Baker Street, as well as the idea of Moriarty manipulating Watson out of the way by hoaxing an injured Englishwoman who requires his treating . </P> <P> The story was later adapted for radio by John Kier Cross; it was broadcast on 17 April 1955 and starred John Gielgud as Holmes, Ralph Richardson as Dr. Watson, and Orson Welles as Professor Moriarty . </P>

How did sherlock survive the fall in the final problem