<Li> N. l. orientalis (Chasen, 1940), restricted to north - east Kalimantan </Li> <P> However, the difference between the subspecies is small, and not all authorities recognise N. l. orientalis . </P> <P> The proboscis monkey is a large species, being one of the largest monkey species native to Asia . Only the Tibetan macaque and a few of the gray langurs can rival its size . Sexual dimorphism is pronounced in the species . Males have a head - body length of 66 to 76.2 cm (26.0 to 30.0 in) and typically weigh 16 to 22.5 kg (35 to 50 lb), with a maximum known weight of 30 kg (66 lb). Females measure 53.3 to 62 cm (21.0 to 24.4 in) in head - and - body length and weigh 7 to 12 kg (15 to 26 lb), with a maximum known mass of 15 kg (33 lb). Further adding to the dimorphism is the large nose or proboscis of the male, which can exceed 10.2 cm (4.0 in) in length, and hangs lower than the mouth . Theories for the extensive length of their nose suggest it may be sexual selection by the females, who prefer louder vocalisations, with the size of the nose increases the volume of the call . Nevertheless, the nose of the female is still fairly large for a primate . The proboscis monkey has a long coat; the fur on the back is bright orange, reddish brown, yellowish brown or brick - red . The underfur is light - grey, yellowish, or greyish to light - orange . Infants are born with a blue coloured face that at 2.5 months darkens to grey . By 8.5 months of age, the face has become cream coloured like the adults . The male has a red penis with a black scrotum . Both sexes have bulging stomachs that give the monkeys what resembles a pot belly . Many of the monkeys' toes are webbed . </P> <P> Proboscis monkeys generally live in groups composed of one adult male, some adult females and their offspring . All - male groups may also exist . Some individuals are solitary, mostly males . Monkey groups live in overlapping home ranges, with little territoriality, in a fission - fusion society, with groups gathering at sleeping sites as night falls . There exist bands which arise when groups come together and slip apart yet sometimes groups may join to mate and groom . Groups gather during the day and travel together, but individuals only groom and play with those in their own group . One - male groups consist of 9--19 individuals, while bands can consist of as many as 60 individuals . One - male groups typically consist of three to 12 individuals, but can contain more . Serious aggression is uncommon among the monkeys but minor aggression does occur . Overall, members of the same bands are fairly tolerant of each other . A linear dominance hierarchy exists between females . Males of one - male groups can stay in their groups for six to eight years . Replacements in the resident males appear to occur without serious aggression . Upon reaching adulthood, males leave their natal groups and join all - male groups . Females also sometimes leave their natal groups, perhaps to avoid infanticide or inbreeding, reduce competition for food, or elevation of their social status . </P>

What does the proboscis monkey use its nose for
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