<P> The form factor, k f (\ displaystyle k_ (\ mathrm (f))), is the smallest of the three wave factors, the other two being crest factor k a = X m a x X r m s (\ displaystyle k_ (\ mathrm (a)) = (\ frac (X_ (\ mathrm (max))) (X_ (\ mathrm (rms))))) and the lesser - known averaging factor k a v = X m a x X a r v (\ displaystyle k_ (\ mathrm (av)) = (\ frac (X_ (\ mathrm (max))) (X_ (\ mathrm (arv))))). </P> <P> k a v ≥ k a ≥ k f (\ displaystyle k_ (\ mathrm (av)) \ geq k_ (\ mathrm (a)) \ geq k_ (\ mathrm (f))) </P> <P> Due to their definitions (all relying on the Root Mean Square, Average rectified value and maximum amplitude of the waveform), the three factors are related by k a v = k a k f (\ displaystyle k_ (\ mathrm (av)) = k_ (\ mathrm (a)) k_ (\ mathrm (f))), so the form factor can be calculated with k f = k a v k a (\ displaystyle k_ (\ mathrm (f)) = (\ frac (k_ (\ mathrm (av))) (k_ (\ mathrm (a))))). </P> <P> a (\ displaystyle a) represents the amplitude of the function, and any other coefficients applied in the vertical dimension . For example, 8 sin ⁡ (t) (\ displaystyle 8 \ sin (t)) can be analyzed as f (t) = a sin ⁡ (t), a = 8 (\ displaystyle f (t) = a \ sin (t), \ a = 8). As both RMS and ARV are directly proportional to it, it has no effect on the form factor, and can be replaced with a normalized 1 for calculating that value . </P>

Form factor is equal to peak factor in case of