<P> In the 1960s data modeling gained more significance with the initiation of the management information system (MIS) concept . According to Leondes (2002), "during that time, the information system provided the data and information for management purposes . The first generation database system, called Integrated Data Store (IDS), was designed by Charles Bachman at General Electric . Two famous database models, the network data model and the hierarchical data model, were proposed during this period of time". Towards the end of the 1960s, Edgar F. Codd worked out his theories of data arrangement, and proposed the relational model for database management based on first - order predicate logic . </P> <P> In the 1970s entity relationship modeling emerged as a new type of conceptual data modeling, originally proposed in 1976 by Peter Chen . Entity relationship models were being used in the first stage of information system design during the requirements analysis to describe information needs or the type of information that is to be stored in a database . This technique can describe any ontology, i.e., an overview and classification of concepts and their relationships, for a certain area of interest . </P> <P> In the 1970s G.M. Nijssen developed "Natural Language Information Analysis Method" (NIAM) method, and developed this in the 1980s in cooperation with Terry Halpin into Object - Role Modeling (ORM). However, it was Terry Halpin's 1989 PhD thesis that created the formal foundation on which Object - Role Modeling is based . </P> <P> Bill Kent, in his 1978 book Data and Reality, compared a data model to a map of a territory, emphasizing that in the real world, "highways are not painted red, rivers don't have county lines running down the middle, and you can't see contour lines on a mountain". In contrast to other researchers who tried to create models that were mathematically clean and elegant, Kent emphasized the essential messiness of the real world, and the task of the data modeller to create order out of chaos without excessively distorting the truth . </P>

Which of the following types of data is illustrated by this example