<Tr> <Th_colspan="2"> Casualties and losses </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan="2"> Exact figures are unknown . Estimates range from 5,650 to 18,000 POW deaths . </Td> </Tr> <P> The Bataan Death March (Filipino: Martsa ng Kamatayan sa Bataan; Japanese: バターン 死 の 行進, Hepburn: Batān Shi no Kōshin) was the forcible transfer by the Imperial Japanese Army of 60,000--80,000 American and Filipino prisoners of war from Saysain Point, Bagac, Bataan and Mariveles to Camp O'Donnell, Capas, Tarlac, via San Fernando, Pampanga, where the prisoners were loaded onto trains . The transfer began on April 9, 1942, after the three - month Battle of Bataan in the Philippines during World War II . The total distance marched from Mariveles to San Fernando and from the Capas Train Station to Camp O'Donnell is variously reported by differing sources as between 60 and 69.6 miles (96.6 and 112.0 km). Differing sources also report widely differing prisoner of war casualties prior to reaching Camp O'Donnell: from 5,000 to 18,000 Filipino deaths and 500 to 650 American deaths during the march . The march was characterized by severe physical abuse and wanton killings, and was later judged by an Allied military commission to be a Japanese war crime . </P> <P> When General MacArthur returned to active duty, the latest revision of plans for the defense of the Philippine Islands--called WPO - 3--was politically unrealistic, assuming a conflict only involving the United States and Japan, not the combined Axis powers . However, the plan was tactically sound, and its provisions for defense were applicable under any local situation . </P>

Who was involved in the bataan death march
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