<Li> Cover the area with a loose layer of hay mulch to provide the initial "jump start" of forage required for the livestock . </Li> <Li> Using keylines as a guide, establish paddocks and implement holistic planned grazing techniques to heal the land . </Li> <Li> If the goal is to establish a wildlife area or natural park, as the keystone species begin returning (a process called ecological succession) or are introduced in large enough numbers, livestock can be reduced or eliminated . </Li> <P> Alternatively, an integrated approach can be taken that uses the holistic approach to accomplish the first three steps of the forestry reclamation approach . Once those first three steps are accomplished and well - established, the livestock grazing can be reduced or eliminated to allow medium and higher successional species to take root and continue the forestry approach . </P>

What land preparation must occur prior to mining