<Dl> <Dd> there is little evidence that direct economic effects account for the Marshall Plan's success . Instead, the indirect economic effects, particularly in the implementation of liberal capitalistic policies, and the political effects, particularly the ideal of European integration and government - business partnerships, are the major reasons for Europe's unsurpassed growth . </Dd> </Dl> <Dd> there is little evidence that direct economic effects account for the Marshall Plan's success . Instead, the indirect economic effects, particularly in the implementation of liberal capitalistic policies, and the political effects, particularly the ideal of European integration and government - business partnerships, are the major reasons for Europe's unsurpassed growth . </Dd> <P> The initiative was named after United States Secretary of State George Marshall . The plan had bipartisan support in Washington, where the Republicans controlled Congress and the Democrats controlled the White House with Harry S. Truman as President . The Plan was largely the creation of State Department officials, especially William L. Clayton and George F. Kennan, with help from the Brookings Institution, as requested by Senator Arthur H. Vandenberg, chairman of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee . Marshall spoke of an urgent need to help the European recovery in his address at Harvard University in June 1947 . The purpose of the Marshall Plan was to aid in the economic recovery of nations after WWII and to reduce the influence of Communist parties within them . To combat the effects of the Marshall Plan, the USSR developed its own economic plan, known as the Molotov Plan . It pumped large amounts of resources from the Eastern Bloc countries to the USSR . </P> <P> The phrase "equivalent of the Marshall Plan" is often used to describe a proposed large - scale economic rescue program . </P>

Who proposed the european recovery program and what was its purpose
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