<P> Temperatures are hottest within the Sahara regions of Algeria and Mali, and coolest across the south and at elevation within the topography across the eastern and northwest sections of the continent . The hottest average temperature on Earth is at Dallol, Ethiopia, which averages a temperature of 33.9 ° C (93.0 ° F) throughout the year . The hottest temperature recorded within Africa, which was also the world record, was 57.8 ° C (136.0 ° F) at' Aziziya, Libya on September 13, 1922 . This was later proven to be false, and to derive from an inaccurate reading of a thermometer . The world's hottest place is in fact Death Valley, in California . Apparent temperatures, combining the effect of the temperature and humidity, along the Red Sea coast of Eritrea and Gulf of Aden coast of Somalia range between 57 ° C (135 ° F) and 63 ° C (145 ° F) during the afternoon hours . The lowest temperature measured within Africa was − 24 ° C (− 11 ° F) at Ifrane, Morocco on February 11, 1935 . Nevertheless, the major part of Africa experiences extreme heat during much of the year, especially the deserts, steppes and savannas . The African deserts are arguably the hottest places on Earth, especially the Sahara Desert and the Danakil Desert, located in the Horn of Africa . </P> <P> The low - level easterly African jet stream is considered to play a crucial role in the southwest monsoon of Africa, and helps form the tropical waves which march across the tropical Atlantic and eastern Pacific oceans during the warm season . The jet exhibits both barotropic and baroclinic instability, which produces synoptic - scale, westward - propagating disturbances in the jet known as African easterly waves, or tropical waves . A small number of mesoscale storm systems embedded in these waves develop into tropical cyclones after they move from west Africa into the tropical Atlantic, mainly during August and September . When the jet lies south of normal during the peak months of the Atlantic hurricane season, tropical cyclone formation is suppressed . </P> <P> Great parts of North Africa and Southern Africa as well as the whole Horn of Africa mainly have a hot desert climate, or a hot semi-arid climate for the wetter locations . The Sahara Desert in North Africa is the largest hot desert in the world and is one of the hottest, driest and sunniest places on Earth . Located just south of the Sahara is a narrow steppe (a semi-arid region) called the Sahel, while Africa's most southern areas contain both savanna plains, and its central portion contains very dense jungle (rainforest) regions . The equatorial region near the Intertropical Convergence Zone is the wettest portion of the continent . Annually, the rain belt across the country moves northward into Sub-Saharan Africa by August, then passes back southward into south - central Africa by March . Areas with a savannah climate in Sub-Saharan Africa, such as Ghana, Burkina Faso, Darfur, Eritrea, Ethiopia, and Botswana have a distinct rainy season . El Nino results in drier - than - normal conditions in Southern Africa from December to February, and wetter - than - normal conditions in equatorial East Africa over the same period . </P> <P> In Madagascar, trade winds bring moisture up the eastern slopes of the island, which is deposited as rainfall, and bring drier downsloped winds to areas south and west, leaving the western sections of the island in a rain shadow . This leads to significantly more rainfall over northeast sections of Madagascar than its southwestern portions . Southern Africa receives most of its rainfall from summer convective storms and with extratropical cyclones moving through the Westerlies . Once a decade, tropical cyclones lead to excessive rainfall across the region . </P>

Where does the lowest amount of rainfall in africa occur