<P> In 2014 a modern Nalanda University was launched in nearby Rajgir . </P> <P> Ancient Taxila or Takshashila, in ancient Gandhara (modern - day Pakistan), was an early Hindu and Buddhist centre of learning . According to scattered references that were only fixed a millennium later, it may have dated back to at least the fifth century BC . Some scholars date Takshashila's existence back to the sixth century BC . The school consisted of several monasteries without large dormitories or lecture halls where the religious instruction was most likely still provided on an individualistic basis . </P> <P> Takshashila is described in some detail in later Jātaka tales, written in Sri Lanka around the fifth century AD . </P> <P> It became a noted centre of learning at least several centuries BC, and continued to attract students until the destruction of the city in the fifth century AD . Takshashila is perhaps best known because of its association with Chanakya . The famous treatise Arthashastra (Sanskrit for The knowledge of Economics) by Chanakya, is said to have been composed in Takshashila itself . Chanakya (or Kautilya), the Maurya Emperor Chandragupta and the Ayurvedic healer Charaka studied at Taxila . </P>

Name two centres of learning of the vedic education