<P> The mourning dove has a large range of nearly 11,000,000 km (4,200,000 sq mi). The species is resident throughout the Greater Antilles, most of Mexico, the Continental United States, southern Canada, and the Atlantic archipelago of Bermuda . Much of the Canadian prairie sees these birds in summer only, and southern Central America sees them in winter only . The species is a vagrant in northern Canada, Alaska, and South America . It has been spotted as an accidental at least seven times in the Western Palearctic with records from the British Isles (5), the Azores (1) and Iceland (1). In 1963, the mourning dove was introduced to Hawaii, and in 1998 there was still a small population in North Kona . The mourning dove also appeared on Socorro Island, off the western coast of Mexico, in 1988, sixteen years after the Socorro dove was extirpated from that island . </P> <P> The mourning dove is a medium - sized, slender dove approximately 31 cm (12 in) in length . Mourning doves weigh 112--170 g (4.0--6.0 oz), usually closer to 128 g (4.5 oz). The elliptical wings are broad, and the head is rounded . Its tail is long and tapered ("macroura" comes from the Greek words for "large" and "tail"). Mourning doves have perching feet, with three toes forward and one reversed . The legs are short and reddish colored . The beak is short and dark, usually a brown - black hue . </P> <P> The plumage is generally light gray - brown and lighter and pinkish below . The wings have black spotting, and the outer tail feathers are white, contrasting with the black inners . Below the eye is a distinctive crescent - shaped area of dark feathers . The eyes are dark, with light skin surrounding them . The adult male has bright purple - pink patches on the neck sides, with light pink coloring reaching the breast . The crown of the adult male is a distinctly bluish - grey color . Females are similar in appearance, but with more brown coloring overall and a little smaller than the male . The iridescent feather patches on the neck above the shoulders are nearly absent, but can be quite vivid on males . Juvenile birds have a scaly appearance, and are generally darker . </P> <P> All five subspecies of the mourning dove look similar and are not easily distinguishable . The nominate subspecies possesses shorter wings, and is darker and more buff - colored than the "average" mourning dove . Z. m. carolinensis has longer wings and toes, a shorter beak, and is darker in color . The western subspecies has longer wings, a longer beak, shorter toes, and is more muted and lighter in color . The Panama mourning dove has shorter wings and legs, a longer beak, and is grayer in color . The Clarion Island subspecies possesses larger feet, a larger beak, and is darker brown in color . </P>

Where do turtle doves migrate to in the winter