<P> Between 1683 and 1834, Jesuit and Franciscan missionaries established a series of religious outposts from today's Baja California and Baja California Sur into present - day California . </P> <P> In Alta California (now the US state of California), El Camino Real followed two alternate routes, established by the first two Spanish exploratory expeditions of the region . The first was the Portolá Expedition of 1769 . The expedition party included Franciscan missionaries, led by Junípero Serra . Starting from Loreto, Serra established the first of the 21 missions at San Diego . Serra stayed at San Diego and Juan Crespí continued the rest of the way with Gaspar de Portolá . Proceeding north, Portolá followed (as much as possible) the coastline (today's California State Route 1), except where forced inland by coastal cliffs . </P> <P> Eventually, the expedition was prevented from going farther north by the entrance to San Francisco Bay, the Golden Gate . Crespí identified several future mission sites which were not developed until later . On the return trip to San Diego, Gaspar de Portolá found a shorter detour around one stretch of coastal cliffs via Conejo Valley . </P> <P> Portolá journeyed again from San Diego to Monterey in 1770, where Junipero Serra (who traveled by ship) founded the second mission (later moved a short distance south to Carmel . Carmel became Serra's Alta California mission headquarters . </P>

What number in the chain along the el camino real is this mission