<P> Containment is a geopolitical strategy to stop the expansion of an enemy . It is best known as a Cold War foreign policy of the United States and its allies to prevent the spread of communism . As a component of the Cold War, this policy was a response to a series of moves by the Soviet Union to increase communist influence in Eastern Europe, China, Korea, Africa, Vietnam, and Latin America . Containment represented a middle - ground position between detente and rollback . </P> <P> The basis of the doctrine was articulated in a 1946 cable by U.S. diplomat George F. Kennan during the post-World War II administration of U.S. President Harry S. Truman . As a description of U.S. foreign policy, the word originated in a report Kennan submitted to U.S. Defense Secretary James Forrestal in 1947, which was later used in a magazine article . It is a translation of the French term cordon sanitaire, which was used to describe Western policy toward the Soviet Union in the 1920s . </P> <P> There were major historical precedents familiar to Americans and Europeans . In the 1850s, anti-slavery forces in the United States developed a free soil strategy of containment, without using the word, to stop the expansion of slavery until it later collapsed . Historian James Oakes explains the strategy: </P>

Which american policy maker applied the phrase containment to foreign policy