<P> Adolescents who have not attended the formal education system or left the system at any stage may take the experienced apprenticeship exam after 1 year of adaptation training, provided they had reached the age of 16 at the date when the said profession was included in the coverage of law . Those at the age of 18 may directly take the experienced apprenticeship exam, if a certificate is provided to prove that he / she is working in the related profession . </P> <P> Those who graduate from vocational and technical secondary education institutions or from vocational and technical schools and institutions may take proficiency exam in their own professions . Graduates of technical high school or of 4 - year programs in vocational and technical schools and institutions are given a certificate to start businesses with the privileges and responsibilities of a proficiency certificate . In 2001, 248,400 apprentices were being educated and 5,100 teachers were employed in 345 vocational training centers . </P> <P> In March 2012 the Grand National Assembly passed new legislation on primary and secondary education usually termed as "4 + 4 + 4" (4 years primary education, first level, 4 years primary education, second level and 4 years secondary education). Children will begin their primary education in the first month of September following their sixth birthdays and will come to a close during the school year in which students turn 14 years old . </P> <P> The primary education stages, which includes the first two stages of four years' education each, will entail four years of mandatory elementary education, followed by an additional mandatory four years of middle school education, in which students will be able to choose whether they want to study at a general education middle school or a religious vocational middle school, which are referred to as Imam Hatip schools . The new legislation includes the reopening of Imam Hatip middle schools . Primary education establishments will be set up separately as independent elementary schools and middle schools . </P>

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