<P> Pupation usually occurs in spring at the end of the larval tunnel in the sapwood, eclosion occurs 12--50 days later, and adults will chew out of the tree approximately one week after eclosion . Adults feed on leaf petioles and can chew through bark on small branches to feed on the vascular cambium . Eggs, larvae or as pupae can overwinter within the tree . In their overwintering phase, pupae are inactive and development does not occur . They resume their life cycle when temperatures are above 10 ° C (50 ° F). </P> <P> Upon emergence, adult females can copulate, although an obligatory maturation period is required for feeding after emergence for ovarian maturation . Laboratory studies have estimated the female maturation period lasts 9--15 days . Adult males have mature spermatozoa before emergence, and feeding is necessary only to sustain their normal activity . Adults typically lay eggs on the plant they developed on during immature stages rather than colonizing new plants unless population density is high or the host plant is dead . However, when they do disperse, they can travel up to approximately 2.5 km (1.6 mi) from their host tree in a growing season in search of new hosts, although in a mark - recapture experiment about 98% of adults were recaptured within 1 km (0.62 mi) of their release point . Adults will typically infest the crown and main branches first and will begin to infest the trunk as the crown dies . Adult longevity and fecundity are influenced by conditions such as the larval host plant and temperature . Laboratory reared males and females can live up to 202 and 158 days, respectively . </P> <Ul> <Li> <P> Eggs within pits with the bark removed . </P> </Li> <Li> <P> Multiple instars removed from gallery . </P> </Li> <Li> <P> Pupa within its pupal chamber with frass . </P> </Li> <Li> <P> Adult beetle . </P> </Li> </Ul> <Li> <P> Eggs within pits with the bark removed . </P> </Li>

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