<Tr> <Td> XSF </Td> <Td> XMPP Standards Foundation </Td> <Td> Protocol extensions of XMPP (Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol), the open standard of instant messaging </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <P> There are many technologies that enable IoT . Crucial to the field is the network used to communicate between devices of an IoT installation, a role that several wireless or wired technologies may fulfill: </P> <P> The original idea of the Auto - ID Center is based on RFID - tags and unique identification through the Electronic Product Code, however, this has evolved into objects having an IP address or URI . An alternative view, from the world of the Semantic Web focuses instead on making all things (not just those electronic, smart, or RFID - enabled) addressable by the existing naming protocols, such as URI . The objects themselves do not converse, but they may now be referred to by other agents, such as powerful centralized servers acting for their human owners . Integration with the Internet implies that devices will use an IP address as a unique identifier . Due to the limited address space of IPv4 (which allows for 4.3 billion unique addresses), objects in the IoT will have to use the next generation of the Internet protocol (IPv6) to scale to the extremely large address space required . Internet - of - things devices additionally will benefit from the stateless address auto - configuration present in IPv6, as it reduces the configuration overhead on the hosts, and the IETF 6LoWPAN header compression . To a large extent, the future of the Internet of things will not be possible without the support of IPv6; and consequently, the global adoption of IPv6 in the coming years will be critical for the successful development of the IoT in the future . </P> <Ul> <Li> Bluetooth mesh networking--Specification providing a mesh networking variant to Bluetooth low energy (BLE) with increased number of nodes and standardized application layer (Models). </Li> <Li> Light - Fidelity (Li - Fi)--Wireless communication technology similar to the Wi - Fi standard, but using visible light communication for increased bandwidth . </Li> <Li> Near - field communication (NFC)--Communication protocols enabling two electronic devices to communicate within a 4 cm range . </Li> <Li> QR codes and barcodes--Machine - readable optical tags that store information about the item to which they are attached . </Li> <Li> Radio - frequency identification (RFID)--Technology using electromagnetic fields to read data stored in tags embedded in other items . </Li> <Li> Thread--Network protocol based on the IEEE 802.15. 4 standard, similar to ZigBee, providing IPv6 addressing . </Li> <Li> Transport Layer Security--Network security protocol . </Li> <Li> Wi - Fi--Widely used technology for local area networking based on the IEEE 802.11 standard, where devices may communicate through a shared access point . </Li> <Li> Wi - Fi Direct--Variant of the Wi - Fi standard for peer - to - peer communication, eliminating the need for an access point . </Li> <Li> Z - Wave--Communication protocol providing short - range, low - latency data transfer at rates and power consumption lower than Wi - Fi . Used primarily for home automation . </Li> <Li> ZigBee--Communication protocols for personal area networking based on the IEEE 802.15. 4 standard, providing low power consumption, low data rate, low cost, and high throughput . </Li> </Ul>

Internet of things requires every device to have an ip address
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