<P> In 1982 - 1983 Chile witnessed a severe economic crises with a surge in unemployment and a meltdown of the financial sector . 16 out of 50 financial institutions faced bankruptcy . In 1982 the two biggest banks were nationalized to prevent an even worse credit crunch . In 1983 another five banks were nationalized and two banks had to be put under government supervision . The central bank took over foreign debts . Critics ridiculed the economic policy of the Chicago Boys as "Chicago way to socialism". </P> <P> After the economic crisis, Hernán Büchi became Minister of Finance from 1985 to 1989, introducing a return to a free market economic policy . He allowed the peso to float and reinstated restrictions on the movement of capital in and out of the country . He deleted some bank regulations, and simplified and reduced the corporate tax . Chile went ahead with privatizations, including public utilities and the re-privatization of companies that had briefly returned to government control during the 1982--83 crisis . From 1984 to 1990, Chile's gross domestic product grew by an annual average of 5.9%, the fastest on the continent . Chile developed a good export economy, including the export of fruits and vegetables to the northern hemisphere when they were out of season, and commanded high export prices . </P> <P> Initially the economic reforms were internationally praised . Milton Friedman wrote in his Newsweek column on 25 January 1982 about the Miracle of Chile . British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher credited Pinochet with bringing about a thriving, free - enterprise economy, while at the same time downplaying the junta's human rights record, condemning an "organised international Left who are bent on revenge ." </P> <P> With the economic crises of 1982 the "monetarist experiment" was widely regarded a failure . </P>

Which of the following is not a variation of authoritarian regimes