<P> Grand juries may charge public officials of "willful or corrupt misconduct in office ." The accusation is tried as if it were an indictment, and may not be dismissed for political or extra-legal motives . The definition of "willful misconduct in office" is reserved for serious misconduct, that is, criminal behavior or "purposeful failure to carry out mandatory duties of office ." </P> <P> In addition to the county grand juries in California, at least twice a year, the state impanels several Federal Grand Juries . The summons arrive in the mail just like regular jury summons . Jurors are requested to come on a certain date to be impaneled on the jury . There are over 500 people that attend this impanelment and multiple grand juries are chosen at this time . When the juries are chosen there are at least 50 alternates chosen as well . Each Grand Jury has 23 members and are expected to attend jury service one day per week for the time impaneled . </P> <P> The California Federal Grand Jury has two sections - the Accusatory and the Investigatory . Accusatory Grand Juries hear shorter less complicated criminal cases and often hear several cases each day in attendance . Accusatory Grand Juries are impaneled for four to six months . Accusatory grand jurors meet one day each week, always on the same day of the week . Each day met, the number of cases varies and jurors are expected to be available from 9: 00 a.m. until 4: 30 p.m. for these cases . Often accusatory jurors have a shortened day, but this is never predictable . A typical Accusatory Grand Juror's day begins at 9: 00 a.m. A Federal Attorney, the prosecutor, presents an indictment to the members of the jury . Then he brings in a witness, usually a Federal agent involved with the case, and questions him . When there are no more questions, the attorney, court reporter, and witness exit the room and the jurors are asked to deliberate the case . Grand jurors do not choose guilt but only decide if the case has probable cause to go to trial . </P> <P> Investigatory Grand Jurors are impaneled for at least one year of service . They meet one day a week, the same day of the week each week, to discuss and hear more involved Federal criminal cases that took place in California and in the county of the grand jury, some extending from week to week . Investigatory Grand Jurors are expected to be available from 9: 00 a.m. until 4: 30 p.m. for their cases . They are expected to return each week when called in to continue cases or start new ones . </P>

When must a grand jury indictment be used