<P> Kanlaon Volcano, the most active volcano in the central Philippines, has erupted 25 times since 1866 . Eruptions are typically phreatic explosions of small - to - moderate size that produce minor ash falls near the volcano . On August 10, 1996, Kanlaon erupted without warning, killing British student Julian Green and Filipinos Noel Tragico and Neil Perez, who were among 24 mountain climbers who were trapped near the summit . </P> <P> The volcanoes in Indonesia are among the most active of the Pacific Ring of Fire . They are formed due to subduction zones of three main active tectonic plates namely the Eurasian Plate, Pacific Plate, and Indo - Australian Plate . Some of the volcanoes are notable for their eruptions, for instance, Krakatau for its global effects in 1883, Lake Toba for its supervolcanic eruption estimated to have occurred 74,000 BP, which was responsible for six years of volcanic winter, and Mount Tambora, for the most violent eruption in recorded history in 1815 . The eruption of Mount Tambora caused widespread harvest failures in Northern Europe, the Northeastern United States, and eastern Canada in 1816, which was known as the Year Without a Summer . </P> <P> The most active volcanoes are Kelud and Mount Merapi on Java island, which have been responsible for thousands of deaths in the region . Since AD 1000, Kelud has erupted more than 30 times, of which the largest eruption was at scale 5 on the Volcanic Explosivity Index, while Merapi has erupted more than 80 times . The International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth's Interior has named Merapi as a Decade Volcano since 1995 because of its high volcanic activity . Another active volcano is Sinabung which erupted since 2013 until now . </P> <P> GNS Science was known as the Institute of Geological and Nuclear Sciences from 1992 to 2005 . GNS Science was partially commercialised, and now operates as a government - owned company rather than as a government department . </P>

Why are there so many earthquakes and volcanoes on the pacific ring of fire