<P> Religious services increased and the Hakozaki Shrine, having been destroyed by the Yuan forces, was rebuilt . A coastal watch was instituted and rewards were given to some 120 valiant samurai . There was even a plan for a raid on Goryeo (modern - day Korea) to be carried out by Shōni Tsunesuke, a general from Kyūshū, though this was never executed . </P> <P> After the failed invasion, Kublai Khan was tired of being ignored and not being allowed to land, so five Yuan emissaries were dispatched in September 1275 and sent to Kyūshū, refusing to leave without a reply . Tokimune responded by having them sent to Kamakura and then beheading them . The graves of those five executed Yuan emissaries exist to this day at Jōryū Temple in Fujisawa, Kanagawa, near the Tatsunokuchi Execution Place in Kamakura . Then again on July 29, 1279, five more Yuan emissaries were sent in the same manner, and again beheaded, this time in Hakata . Expecting another invasion, on Feb 21, 1280, the Imperial Court ordered all temples and shrines to pray for victory over the Yuan . </P> <P> In the spring of 1281, the Mongols sent two separate forces . Per the Yuanshi, an impressive force of 900 ships containing 17,000 sailors, 10,000 Korean soldiers, and 15,000 Mongols and Chinese set out from Masan, Korea, while an even larger force of 100,000 sailed from southern China in 3,500 ships, for a combined force of 142,000 soldiers and sailors . Japanese sources also mention 150,000 men in the invading force . Many modern historians believe these to be exaggerated figures, as were common in medieval chronicles . Professor Thomas Conlan states that they were likely exaggerated by an order of magnitude (implying 14,000 soldiers and sailors), expressing skepticism that a medieval kingdom managed an invasion on the scale of D - Day during World War II across over ten times the distance, and questions if even 10,000 soldiers attacked Japan in 1281 . Morris Rossabbi states that Conlan was correct in his assertion that the invasion force was much smaller than traditionally believed, but argues that the expenditures lavished on the mission confirm that the fighting force was sizable and much larger than 10,000 soldiers and 4,000 sailors . He puts forward the alternative figure of 70,000 soldiers and sailors, half of what is spoken of in the Yuanshi and later Japanese claims . Turnbull thinks that 140,000 + is an exaggeration, but does not offer his own precise estimate for the size of the army . Rather, he only states that given the contributions of the Southern Song, the second invasion should've been around three times larger than the first . As he earlier listed the common figure of 23,000 for the first invasion uncritically, unlike the estimate of 140,000 + for the second, that would imply an invasion force of ~ 70,000, on par with Rossabbi's estimate . </P> <P> The Mongols' plan called for an overwhelming coordinated attack by the combined imperial Yuan fleets . The Chinese fleet of the Yuan was delayed by difficulties in provisioning and manning the large number of ships they had . The Mongol fleet set sail, suffered heavy losses at Tsushima, and turned back . In the summer, the fleet took Iki - shima and moved on to Kyūshū, landing at several different locations . In a number of individual skirmishes, known collectively as the Kōan Campaign (弘安 の 役) or the "Second Battle of Hakata Bay", the Mongol forces were driven back to their ships . The Japanese army was heavily outnumbered, but had fortified the coastal line with two - meter high walls, and was easily able to repulse the auxiliaries that were launched against it . Beginning August 15, the now - famous kamikaze, a massive typhoon, assaulted the shores of Kyūshū for two days straight, and destroyed much of the Mongol fleet . Sensing the oncoming typhoon, Korean and south Chinese mariners retreated and unsuccessfully docked in Imari Bay where they were destroyed by the storm . </P>

Why did the mongols likely attack japan through the hakata bay in the 13th century