<P> The Bombay Presidency was created when the city of Bombay was leased in fee tail to the East India Company by a Royal Charter from the King of Britain, Charles II, who had in turn acquired it on May 11, 1661, when his marriage treaty with Catherine of Braganza, daughter of King John IV of Portugal, placed the islands of Bombay in possession of the English Empire, as part of Catherine's dowry to Charles . The English East India Company transferred its Western India headquarters from Surat, its first colony in that region, to Bombay in 1687 . The Presidency was brought under British Parliament control along with other parts of British India through Pitt's India Act . Major territorial acquisitions were made during the Anglo - Maratha Wars when the whole of the Peshwa's dominions and much of the Gaekwad's sphere of influence were annexed to the Bombay Presidency in different stages till 1818 . Aden was annexed in 1839, while Sind was annexed by the Company in 1843 after defeating the Talpur dynasty in the Battle of Hyderabad and it was made a part of the Bombay Presidency . </P> <P> At its greatest extent, the Bombay Presidency comprised the present - day state of Gujarat, the western two - thirds of Maharashtra state, including the regions of Konkan, Desh, and Kandesh, and northwestern Karnataka state of India; it also included Pakistan's Sindh Province (1847--1935) and Aden in Yemen (1839--1939). The districts and provinces of the presidency were directly under British rule, while the internal administration of the native or princely states was in the hands of local rulers . The presidency, however, managed the defence of princely states and British relations with them through political agencies . The Bombay Presidency along with the Bengal Presidency and Madras Presidency were the three major centres of British power . </P> <P> The first English settlement in the Presidency known as Western Presidency was begun in 1618 at Surat in present - day Gujarat, when the East India Company established a factory, protected by a charter obtained from the Mughal Emperor Jahangir . In 1626 the Dutch and the English made an unsuccessful attempt to gain possession of the island of Bombay in the coastal Konkan region from Portugal, and in 1653 proposals were suggested for its purchase from the Portuguese . In 1661 Bombay was ceded to the Kingdom of England as part of the dowry of the infanta Catherine of Braganza on her marriage to King Charles II . So lightly was the acquisition esteemed in England, and so unsuccessful was the administration of the crown officers, that in 1668 Bombay was transferred to the East India Company for an annual payment of £ 10, and the Company established a factory there . At the time of the transfer, powers for the island's defence and for the administration of justice were also conferred on the Company; a European regiment was enrolled; and fortifications were erected which in 1673 proved sufficient to deter the Dutch from an intended attack . As English trade in Bombay increased, Surat (which had been sacked by Shivaji in 1670) began its relative decline . In 1687, Bombay was made the headquarters of all the East India Company's possessions in India . However, in 1753 the governor of Bombay became subordinate to that of Calcutta . </P> <P> During the 18th century, the Hindu Maratha Empire expanded rapidly, claiming Konkan and much of eastern Gujarat from the disintegrating Mughal Empire . In western Gujarat, including Kathiawar and Kutch, the loosening of Mughal control allowed numerous local rulers to create virtually independent states . The first conflict between the British and the Marathas was the First Anglo - Maratha War which began in 1774 and resulted in the 1782 Treaty of Salbai, by which the island of Salsette, adjacent to Bombay island, was ceded to the British, while Bharuch was ceded to the Maratha ruler Scindia . The British annexed Surat in 1800 . British territory was enlarged in the Second Anglo - Maratha War which ended in 1803 . The East India Company received the districts of Bharuch, Kaira, etc., and the Maratha Gaekwad rulers of Baroda acknowledged British sovereignty . </P>

When did bombay became the capital of bombay presidency