<P> By the beginning of the 21st century, the focus shifted away from a strict sameness of conditions towards equal fairness of conditions . For example, a test taker with a broken wrist might write more slowly because of the injury, and it would be more fair, and produce a more reliable understanding of the test taker's actual knowledge, if that person were given a few more minutes to write down the answers to a most test . However, if the purpose of the test is to see how quickly the student could write, then this would become a modification of the content, and no longer a standardized test . </P> <P> The earliest evidence of standardized testing was in China, during the Han Dynasty, where the imperial examinations covered the Six Arts which included music, archery, horsemanship, arithmetic, writing, and knowledge of the rituals and ceremonies of both public and private parts . These exams were used to select employees for the state bureaucracy . </P> <P> Later, sections on military strategies, civil law, revenue and taxation, agriculture and geography were added to the testing . In this form, the examinations were institutionalized for more than a millennium . </P> <P> Today, standardized testing remains widely used, most famously in the Gaokao system . </P>

Which of the following is a criticism of standardized tests