<P> (2) Assumes equivalency between welfare and economic activity . For Robbins, there are economic activities which do not promote human welfare . For example, the sale of cocaine or heroin . Here Robbins says, "Why talk of welfare at all? Why not throw away the mask altogether". </P> <P> (3) It is a vague concept . According to Robbins, "welfare" is a vague concept to use to define economics because it is subjective . Economics is a quantitative science; but welfare cannot be quantitatively measured, and two persons cannot agree on what creates or improves welfare . </P> <P> (4) It involves value judgement . Finally the word "welfare" in Marshall's definition brings economics to the realm of ethics . Robbins would prefer that economics remain neutral in assessing the results of economic transactions . </P> <P> Broadly, economic welfare is the level of prosperity and standard of living of either an individual or a group of persons . In the field of economics, it specifically refers to utility gained through the achievement of material goods and services . In other words, it refers to that part of social welfare that can be fulfilled through economic activity . </P>

Human welfare is the subject of economics is supported by