<P> Most major European leagues commence in the second half of the year (e.g. August or September) and stretch over two calendar years to the first half of the next year (e.g. May), resulting in a close season window in the Summer ending in August, and a mid-season window in January . </P> <P> The periods are different when a league runs throughout a single calendar year, as in most Nordic countries due to weather constraints, Major League Soccer due to both weather and competition from other locally popular sports (notably basketball and American football), or as the traditional season in the Southern Hemisphere . The first window generally opens from 1 March until midnight of 30 April, followed by the in - season window from 1 to 31 August . </P> <Table> <Tr> <Th> Pre-season window </Th> <Th> Mid-season window </Th> <Th> Associations </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 1 January--31 March </Td> <Td> 14 July--13 August </Td> <Td> Brazil </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 6 January--31 March </Td> <Td> 21 July--18 August </Td> <Td> Japan </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 8 January--31 March </Td> <Td> 15 July--11 August </Td> <Td> Sweden </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 12 January--4 April </Td> <Td> 19 July--15 August </Td> <Td> Norway </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 7 February--1 May </Td> <Td> 10 July--8 August </Td> <Td> United States and Canada </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 1 March--30 April </Td> <Td> 1--31 August </Td> <Td> Finland </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 1 June--18 August </Td> <Td> 1 January--19 January </Td> <Td> Albania </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 1 June--18 August </Td> <Td> 1 January--19 January </Td> <Td> Italy </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 1 June--31 August </Td> <Td> 1 January--2 February </Td> <Td> France, Germany, Spain </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 17 May--9 August </Td> <Td> 1 January--31 January </Td> <Td> England </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 9 June--1 September </Td> <Td> 1 January--1 February </Td> <Td> Scotland </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 11 June--1 September </Td> <Td> 5--31 January </Td> <Td> Turkey, Denmark </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 11 June--2 September </Td> <Td> 3--31 January </Td> <Td> Netherlands </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 16 June--8 September </Td> <Td> 25 January--22 February </Td> <Td> Bulgaria and Romania </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 17 June--6 September </Td> <Td> 28 January--28 February </Td> <Td> Russia </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 27 July--18 October </Td> <Td> 4 January--2 February </Td> <Td> Australia </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 1 December--31 January </Td> <Td> 1--30 June </Td> <Td> Kenya </Td> </Tr> </Table> <Tr> <Th> Pre-season window </Th> <Th> Mid-season window </Th> <Th> Associations </Th> </Tr>

When does the european football transfer window open
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