<Tr> <Th> Commander - in - Chief </Th> <Td> 16th President of the United States - Abraham Lincoln (1861 - 1865) 17th President Andrew Johnson (1865) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> General - in - Chief </Th> <Td> General - in - Chief Winfield Scott George B. McClellan Henry W. Halleck Ulysses S. Grant </Td> </Tr> <P> The Union Army or Federal Army was the land force that fought for the Union during the American Civil War, 1861 to 1865 . It included the permanent regular army of the United States, which was augmented by massive numbers of temporary units consisting of volunteers as well as conscripts . The Union Army fought and defeated the Confederate Army during the war . At least two and a half million men served in the Union Army; almost all were volunteers . About 360,000 Union soldiers died from all causes; 280,000 were wounded and 200,000 deserted . </P> <P> When the American Civil War began in April 1861, there were only 16,000 men in the U.S. Army, and of these many Southern officers resigned and joined the Confederate army . The U.S. Army consisted of ten regiments of infantry, four of artillery, two of cavalry, two of dragoons, and three of mounted infantry . The regiments were scattered widely . Of the 197 companies in the army, 179 occupied 79 isolated posts in the West, and the remaining 18 manned garrisons east of the Mississippi River, mostly along the Canada--United States border and on the Atlantic coast . </P>

Who was the union army in the civil war
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