<P> Hemenway claims that the Greek sculptor Phidias (c. 480--c. 430 BC) used the divine proportion in some of his sculptures . He created Athena Parthenos in Athens and Statue of Zeus (one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World) in the Temple of Zeus at Olympia . He is believed to have been in charge of other Parthenon sculptures, although they may have been executed by his alumni or peers . In the early 20th century, American mathematician Mark Barr proposed the Greek letter phi (φ), the first letter of Phidias's name, to denote the golden ratio . </P> <P> Lothar Haselberger claims that the temple of Apollo in Didyma (c. 334 BC), designed by Daphnis of Mileto and Paionios of Ephesus, has golden proportions . </P> <P> Between 1950 and 1960, Manuel Amabilis applied some of the analysis methods of Frederik Macody Lund and Jay Hambidge in several designs of prehispanic buildings, such as El Toloc and La Iglesia de Las Monjas (the Nuns Church), a notable complex of Terminal Classic buildings constructed in the Puuc architectural style at Chichen Itza . According to his studies, their proportions are concretized from a series of polygons, circles and pentagrams inscribed, as Lund found in his studies of Gothic churches . Manuel Amabilis published his studies along with several self - explanatory images of other pre-columbian buildings made with golden ratio proportions in La Arquitectura Precolombina de Mexico . The work was awarded the gold medal and the title of Academico by the Real Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando (Spain) in the Fiesta de la Raza (Columbus day) of 1929 . </P> <P> The Castle of Chichen Itza was built by the Maya civilization between the 11th and 13th centuries AD as a temple to the god Kukulcan . John Pile claims that its interior layout has golden ratio proportions . He says that the interior walls are placed so that the outer spaces are related to the central chamber by the golden ratio . </P>

Pieces of art that use the golden ratio