<P> The Gilded Age in United States history is the late 19th century, from the 1870s to about 1900 . The term for this period came into use in the 1920s and 1930s and was derived from writer Mark Twain's 1873 novel The Gilded Age: A Tale of Today, which satirized an era of serious social problems masked by a thin gold gilding . The early half of the Gilded Age roughly coincided with the middle portion of the Victorian era in Britain and the Belle Époque in France . Its beginning in the years after the American Civil War overlaps the Reconstruction Era (which ended in 1877), . It was followed in the 1890s by the Progressive Era . </P> <P> The Gilded Age was an era of rapid economic growth, especially in the North and West . As American wages were much higher than those in Europe, especially for skilled workers, the period saw an influx of millions of European immigrants . The rapid expansion of industrialization led to real wage growth of 60% between 1860 and 1890, spread across the ever - increasing labor force . The average annual wage per industrial worker (including men, women, and children) rose from $380 in 1880 to $564 in 1890, a gain of 48% . However, the Gilded Age was also an era of abject poverty and inequality as millions of immigrants--many from impoverished European nations--poured into the United States, and the high concentration of wealth became more visible and contentious . </P>

Who gave the industrial era the title the gilded age