<P> This reform of the post of Lord Chancellor was made due to the perceived constitutional anomalies inherent in the role . The Lord Chancellor was not only the Speaker of the House of Lords, but also a member of the Cabinet; his or her department, formerly the Lord Chancellor's Department, is now called the Ministry of Justice . The Lord Chancellor is no longer the head of the judiciary of England and Wales . Hitherto, the Lord Chancellor was part of all three branches of government: the legislative, the executive, and the judicial . </P> <P> The overlap of the legislative and executive roles is a characteristic of the Westminster system, as the entire cabinet consists of members of the House of Commons or the House of Lords; however, in June 2003, the Blair Government announced its intention to abolish the post of Lord Chancellor because of the office's mixed executive and judicial responsibilities . The abolition of the office was rejected by the House of Lords, and the Constitutional Reform Act 2005 was thus amended to preserve the office of Lord Chancellor . The Act no longer guarantees that the office holder of Lord Chancellor is the presiding officer of the House of Lords, and therefore allows the House of Lords to elect a speaker of their own . </P> <P> The Lord Speaker may be replaced as presiding officer by one of his or her deputies . The Chairman of Committees, the Principal Deputy Chairman of Committees, and several Chairmen are all deputies to the Lord Speaker, and are all appointed by the House of Lords itself at the beginning of each session . By custom, the Crown appoints each Chairman, Principal Deputy Chairman and Deputy Chairman to the additional office of Deputy Speaker of the House of Lords . There was previously no legal requirement that the Lord Chancellor or a Deputy Speaker be a member of the House of Lords (though the same has long been customary). </P> <P> Whilst presiding over the House of Lords, the Lord Chancellor traditionally wore ceremonial black and gold robes . Robes of black and gold are now worn by the Lord Chancellor and Secretary of State for Justice in the House of Commons, on ceremonial occasions . This is no longer a requirement for the Lord Speaker except for State occasions outside of the chamber . The Speaker or Deputy Speaker sits on the Woolsack, a large red seat stuffed with wool, at the front of the Lords Chamber . </P>

Who presides over the session of house of lords
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