<Tr> <Td> Total </Td> <Td> 113,340 </Td> <Td> 45,930 </Td> <Td> 40.5 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan="4"> Source: Reports of the Advisory Panels for the Fourth Five Year Plan 1970--75, Vol . I, published by the planning commission of Pakistan . </Td> </Tr> <P> Bengalis were under - represented in the Pakistan military . Officers of Bengali origin in the different wings of the armed forces made up just 5% of overall force by 1965; of these, only a few were in command positions, with the majority in technical or administrative posts . West Pakistanis believed that Bengalis were not "martially inclined" unlike Pashtuns and Punjabis; the "Martial races" notion was dismissed as ridiculous and humiliating by Bengalis . Moreover, despite huge defence spending, East Pakistan received none of the benefits, such as contracts, purchasing and military support jobs . The Indo - Pakistani War of 1965 over Kashmir also highlighted the sense of military insecurity among Bengalis, as only an under - strength infantry division and 15 combat aircraft without tank support were in East Pakistan to thwart any Indian retaliations during the conflict . </P> <P> The only common bond between the two Pakistani wings was religion . But there were differences even in religious practices . Bengali Muslims tended to be less conservative in religious zeal, and had come to accept their Hindu minority and neighbours despite some communal clashes . Many Bengali Muslims strongly objected to the Islamist paradigm imposed by the Pakistani state . Most members of West Pakistan's ruling elite also belonged to a liberal society, yet understood a common faith as the mobilising factor behind Pakistan's creation and the subsuming of Pakistan's multiple identities into one . </P>

Who was the heading the indian army during bangladesh liberation war of 1971