<P> Washington, D.C. has been the federal capital city of the United States since 1819 . Each U.S. state has its own capital city, as do many of its insular areas . Historically, most states have not changed their capital city since becoming a state, but the capital cities of their respective preceding colonies, territories, kingdoms, and republics typically changed multiple times . There have also been other governments within the current borders of the United States with their own capitals, such as the Republic of Texas, Native American nations, and other unrecognized governments . </P> <Ul> <Li> The Albany Conference (June 18--July 11, 1754), or "The Conference of Albany", was the first meeting at which representatives of British colonies in North America (seven of them) gathered to discuss questions of common interest . It met in the Stadt Huys, the City Hall of Albany, New York (demolished after a fire in 1836). The original purpose of the Conference was to coordinate relations with the Indians and common defensive measures against the French threat from Canada (see French and Indian War #Albany Conference). At that meeting the major topic of discussion, however, was the Albany Plan, presented by Benjamin Franklin, delegate from Pennsylvania, setting up a unified (though not independent) government for the colonies . Although the delegates approved the plan (after modifications) unanimously, it was not approved by any of the territorial governments, or by the British government . It was used later in the drafting of the Articles of Confederation . </Li> <Li> The Stamp Act Congress (October 7--25, 1765), or First Congress of the American Colonies, met in City Hall, today Federal Hall, in New York City . </Li> <Li> The Continental Congress, later called the First Continental Congress (September 5--October 26, 1774), embryo of what would become the United States government, met in Carpenters' Hall in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, today (2018) part of Independence National Historical Park . Delegate Joseph Galloway presented the Galloway Plan for a unified government, incorporating some elements of the Albany Plan, but it was not accepted . </Li> <Li> The Second Continental Congress (1775--1781), in which the U.S. Declaration of Independence was debated and signed, and which starting in 1775 coordinated the American Revolutionary War, met primarily in the Pennsylvania State House, today Independence Hall, in Independence National Historic Park . The room as it was then is accurately depicted in the famous painting Declaration of Independence by John Trumbull, commissioned by Congress, which has hung in the U.S. Capitol Rotunda since 1825 . The Articles of Confederation, though drafted in York, Pennsylvania, were adopted in Philadelphia in 1777, subject to the states' approval . The Second Continental Congress also met briefly in the following locations: <Ul> <Li> Henry Fite House, Baltimore, Maryland: December 20, 1776 to February 27, 1777, to avoid capture by British forces . The building was destroyed by fire in 1904 . </Li> <Li> Court House, Lancaster, Pennsylvania: September 27, 1777 (one day) </Li> <Li> Court House, York, Pennsylvania: September 30, 1777 to June 2, 1778 </Li> <Li> College Hall, College of Philadelphia: July 2, 1778 to July 20, 1778 </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> The Congress of the Confederation (1781--1789) did not have an official capitol . It met in the following locations: <Ul> <Li> Independence Hall, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: March 1, 1781 to June 21, 1783 (In 1783 Congress was forced to move from Philadelphia due to a riot of angry soldiers . See Pennsylvania Mutiny of 1783 .) </Li> <Li> Nassau Hall, Princeton, New Jersey: June 30, 1783 to November 4, 1783 </Li> <Li> Maryland State House, Annapolis, Maryland: November 26, 1783 to August 19, 1784 </Li> <Li> French Arms Tavern, Trenton, New Jersey: November 1, 1784 to December 24, 1784 </Li> <Li> City Hall (Federal Hall), New York City, New York: January 11, 1785 to October 2, 1788 </Li> <Li> Fraunces Tavern, New York City, New York: October 6, 1788 to March 3, 1789 </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> The United States Constitution addressed (Article 1, section 8, clause 17) the need for a fixed U.S. Capitol . This led to the establishment of the District of Columbia and the founding of Washington as the nation's capitol . Until the Capitol building was completed, and after it was burned by the British in 1814, requiring its rebuilding, Congress met in various places: <Ul> <Li> Federal Hall, New York City, New York: March 4, 1789 to December 5, 1790 . This is where George Washington was inaugurated as first President . </Li> <Li> Congress Hall, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, adjacent to the Pennsylvania State House (Independence Hall) and also part of Independence National Historic Park: December 6, 1790 to May 14, 1800 . Built for the purpose of being the U.S. capitol . This is pursuant to the Residence Act of 1790, which designated Philadelphia as U.S. Capital for 10 years . </Li> <Li> United States Capitol . Territory of Columbia: November 17, 1800 to February 27, 1801; District of Columbia: February 27, 1801 to May 2, 1802; Washington, D.C.: May 3, 1802 to August 24, 1814, when the British burned it . </Li> <Li> (President James Madison fled to the home of Quaker Caleb Bentley, in Brookeville, Maryland, where he stayed one night, August 26, 1814 . As such, the town claims to have been the "U.S. Capital for a Day", despite the fact that Congress never met there .) </Li> <Li> Blodgett's Hotel (one of the few surviving buildings large enough to hold all members), September 19, 1814--December 7, 1815 </Li> <Li> Old Brick Capitol, Washington, D.C.: December 8, 1815 to 1819 (while the original Capitol was being rebuilt). Although the name says "old", the cornerstone was laid July 4, 1815 . It was financed by Washington real - estate investors, who had heard rumors that some members of Congress were considering relocation of the national capital in the aftermath of the burning . </Li> <Li> United States Capitol, Washington, D.C.: 1819 to present </Li> </Ul> </Li> </Ul> <Li> The Albany Conference (June 18--July 11, 1754), or "The Conference of Albany", was the first meeting at which representatives of British colonies in North America (seven of them) gathered to discuss questions of common interest . It met in the Stadt Huys, the City Hall of Albany, New York (demolished after a fire in 1836). The original purpose of the Conference was to coordinate relations with the Indians and common defensive measures against the French threat from Canada (see French and Indian War #Albany Conference). At that meeting the major topic of discussion, however, was the Albany Plan, presented by Benjamin Franklin, delegate from Pennsylvania, setting up a unified (though not independent) government for the colonies . Although the delegates approved the plan (after modifications) unanimously, it was not approved by any of the territorial governments, or by the British government . It was used later in the drafting of the Articles of Confederation . </Li>

What was the first capital of the u.s
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