<Tr> <Th> Caliphate خِلافة </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Main caliphates (show) <Ul> <Li> Rashidun Caliphate </Li> <Li> Umayyad Caliphate </Li> <Li> Abbasid Caliphate </Li> <Li> Ottoman Caliphate </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Ul> <Li> Rashidun Caliphate </Li> <Li> Umayyad Caliphate </Li> <Li> Abbasid Caliphate </Li> <Li> Ottoman Caliphate </Li> </Ul> <Tr> <Td> Parallel caliphates (show) <Ul> <Li> Fatimid Caliphate </Li> <Li> Caliphate of Córdoba </Li> <Li> Almohad Caliphate </Li> <Li> Sokoto Caliphate </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr>

What changes to the muslim empire occurred during the umayyad dynasty