<Li> In robotics, "autonomy means independence of control . This characterization implies that autonomy is a property of the relation between two agents, in the case of robotics, of the relations between the designer and the autonomous robot . Self - sufficiency, situatedness, learning or development, and evolution increase an agent's degree of autonomy .", according to Rolf Pfeifer . </Li> <Li> In spaceflight, autonomy can also refer to manned missions that are operating without control by ground controllers . </Li> <Li> In economics, autonomous consumption is consumption expenditure when income levels are zero, making spending autonomous to income . </Li> <Li> In politics, autonomous territories are States wishing to retain territorial integrity in opposition to ethnic or indigenous demands for self - determination or independence (sovereignty). </Li>

Autonomy is defined as the value of independence from authority