<Li> Arctic, including Aleut, Inuit, and Yupik peoples </Li> <Li> Southwest (Oasisamerica) </Li> <P> Numerous pre-Columbian societies were sedentary, such as the Pueblo peoples, Mandan, Hidatsa and others, and some established large settlements, even cities, such as Cahokia, in what is now Illinois . The Iroquois League of Nations or "People of the Long House" was a politically advanced, democratic society, which is thought by some historians to have influenced the United States Constitution, with the Senate passing a resolution to this effect in 1988 . Other historians have contested this interpretation and believe the impact was minimal, or did not exist, pointing to numerous differences between the two systems and the ample precedents for the constitution in European political thought . </P> <P> Mesoamerica is the region extending from central Mexico south to the northwestern border of Costa Rica that gave rise to a group of stratified, culturally related agrarian civilizations spanning an approximately 3,000 - year period before the visits to the New World by Christopher Columbus . Mesoamerican is the adjective generally used to refer to that group of pre-Columbian cultures . This refers to an environmental area occupied by an assortment of ancient cultures that shared religious beliefs, art, architecture, and technology in the Americas for more than three thousand years . </P>

Possible pre-columbian cities in north america include all of the following except