<P> Water reuse in Saudi Arabia is growing, both at the level of buildings and at the level of cities . For example, ablution water in mosques is being reused for the flushing of toilets . At the city level, treated wastewater is being reused for landscaping, irrigation and in industries such as refining . In Riyadh 50 million cubic meter per year is pumped over 40 km (25 mi) and 60m elevation to irrigate 15,000 hectares of wheat, fodder, orchards and palm trees . </P> <P> Water conservation measures, such as awareness campaigns through the media and educational pamphlets, have been carried out . In addition, in Riyadh a leakage control program has been carried out and a special, higher water tariff has been introduced . Furthermore, free water appliances (taps, shower heads, toilet boxes) were distributed, reportedly resulting in a decrease of residential water use of between 25 - 35% . </P> <P> An unknown, but large proportion of the population is dependent on supply through water tankers . For example, Riyadh experiences water shortages and intermittent supply, especially during the summer peak demand . To cope with the shortage, 18 million cubic meters of water was distributed during one summer by private contractors . With the commissioning of a new large well field at Al Honai this problem has been reduced . </P> <P> Saudi Arabia is one of the driest regions in the world, with no perennial rivers . Water is obtained from four distinct sources: </P>

Why there is shortage of water in saudi arabia