<Li> A disgruntled worker was widely suspected . When Adolph Fischer was asked if he knew who threw the bomb, he answered, "I suppose it was some excited workingman ." Oscar Neebe said it was a "crank". Governor Altgeld speculated the bomb thrower might have been a disgruntled worker who was not associated with the defendants or the anarchist movement but had a personal grudge against the police . In his pardoning statement, Altgeld said the record of police brutality towards the workers had invited revenge adding, "Capt . Bonfield is the man who is really responsible for the deaths of the police officers ." </Li> <Li> Klemana Schuetz was identified as the bomber by Franz Mayhoff, a New York anarchist and fraudster, who claimed in an affidavit that Schuetz had once admitted throwing the Haymarket bomb . August Wagener, Mayhoff's attorney, sent a telegram from New York to defense attorney Captain William Black the day before the executions claiming knowledge of the bomber's identity . Black tried to delay the execution with this telegram but Governor Oglesby refused . It was later learned that Schuetz was the primary witness against Mayhoff at his trial for insurance fraud, so Mayhoff's affidavit has never been regarded as credible by historians . </Li> <Li> Thomas Owen was a carpenter from Pennsylvania . Severely injured in an accident a week before the executions, Owen reportedly confessed to the bombing on his deathbed by saying, "I was at the Haymarket riot and am an anarchist and say that I threw a bomb in that riot ." He was an anarchist and apparently had been in Chicago at the time but other accounts note that long before his accident he had said he was at the Haymarket and saw the bomb thrower . Owen may have been trying to save the condemned men . </Li> <Li> Reinold "Big" Krueger was killed by police either in the melee after the bombing or in a separate disturbance the next day and has been named as a suspect but there is no supporting evidence . </Li>

Universal public education emerged out of demands made by labor unions in the 19th century