<P> According to molecular data, the New World and Old World camelids diverged about 11 million years ago . In spite of this, these species can hybridize and produce viable offspring . The cama is a camel - lama hybrid bred by scientists to see how closely related the parent species are . Scientists collected semen from a camel via an artificial vagina and inseminated a llama after stimulating ovulation with gonadotrophin injections . The cama is halfway in size between a camel and a llama and lacks a hump . It has ears intermediate between those of camels and llamas, longer legs than the llama, and partially cloven hooves . Like the mule, camas are sterile, despite both parents having the same number of chromosomes . The wild Bactrian camel (C. ferus) separated from the domestic Bactrian camel (C. bactrianus) about 1 million years ago . </P> <P> The earliest known camel, called Protylopus, lived in North America 40 to 50 million years ago (during the Eocene). It was about the size of a rabbit and lived in the open woodlands of what is now South Dakota . By 35 million years ago, the Poebrotherium was the size of a goat and had many more traits similar to camels and llamas . The hoofed Stenomylus, which walked on the tips of its toes, also existed around this time, and the long - necked Aepycamelus evolved in the Miocene . </P> <P> The direct ancestor of all modern camels, Procamelus, existed in the upper Miocene and lower Pliocene . Around 3--5 million years ago, the North American Camelidae spread to South America as part of the Great American Interchange via the newly formed Isthmus of Panama, where they gave rise to guanacos and related animals, and to Asia via the Bering land bridge . Surprising finds of fossil Paracamelus on Ellesmere Island beginning in 2006 in the high Canadian Arctic indicate the dromedary is descended from a larger, boreal browser whose hump may have evolved as an adaptation in a cold climate . This creature is estimated to have stood around nine feet tall . </P> <P> The last camel native to North America was Camelops hesternus, which vanished along with horses, short - faced bears, mammoths and mastodons, ground sloths, sabertooth cats, and many other megafauna, coinciding with the migration of humans from Asia . </P>

Where did the ancestors of all camels first live
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