<P> Under the new system, newly elected magistrates were awarded with automatic membership in the senate, although it remained difficult for a Plebeian from an unknown family to enter the senate . Several factors made it difficult for individuals from unknown families to be elected to high office, in particular the very presence of a long - standing nobility, as this appealed to the deeply rooted Roman respect for the past . Ultimately, a new Patricio - Plebeian aristocracy emerged, which replaced the old Patrician nobility . It was the dominance of the long - standing Patrician nobility which ultimately forced the Plebeians to wage their long struggle for political power . The new nobility, however, was fundamentally different from the old nobility . The old nobility existed through the force of law, because only Patricians were allowed to stand for high office, and it was ultimately overthrown after those laws were changed . Now, however, the new nobility existed due to the organization of society, and as such, it could only be overthrown through a revolution . </P> <P> The Conflict of the Orders was finally coming to an end, since the Plebeians had achieved political equality with the Patricians . A small number of Plebeian families had achieved the same standing that the old aristocratic Patrician families had always had, but these new Plebeian aristocrats were as uninterested in the plight of the average Plebeian as the old Patrician aristocrats had always been . During this time period, the Plebeian plight had been mitigated due to the constant state of war that Rome was in . These wars provided employment, income, and glory for the average Plebeian, and the sense of patriotism that resulted from these wars also eliminated any real threat of Plebeian unrest . The lex Publilia, which had required the election of at least one Plebeian Censor every five years, contained another provision . Before this time, any bill passed by an assembly (either by the Plebeian Council, the Tribal Assembly, or the Centuriate Assembly) could only become a law after the Patrician senators gave their approval . This approval came in the form of an auctoritas patrum ("authority of the fathers" or "authority of the Patrician senators"). The lex Publilia modified this process, requiring the auctoritas patrum to be passed before a law could be voted on by one of the assemblies, rather than after the law had already been voted on . It is not known why, but this modification seems to have made the auctoritas patrum irrelevant . </P> <P> By 287 BC, the economic condition of the average Plebeian had become poor, and the result was the final Plebeian secession . The Plebeians seceded to the Janiculum hill, and to end the secession, a Dictator named Quintus Hortensius was appointed . Hortensius, a Plebeian, passed a law called the "Hortensian Law" (Lex Hortensia), which ended the requirement that an auctoritas patrum be passed before any bill could be considered by either the Plebeian Council or the Tribal Assembly . The requirement was not changed for the Centuriate Assembly . The importance of the Hortensian Law was in that it removed from the senate its final check over the Plebeian Council (the principal popular assembly). It should therefore not be viewed as the final triumph of democracy over aristocracy, since, through the Tribunes, the senate could still control the Plebeian Council . Thus, the ultimate significance of this law was in the fact that it robbed the Patricians of their final weapon over the Plebeians . The result was that the ultimate control over the state fell, not onto the shoulders of democracy, but onto the shoulders of the new Patricio - Plebeian aristocracy . </P> <P> The great accomplishment of the Hortensian Law was in that it deprived the Patricians of their final weapon over the Plebeians . Therefore, the new Patricio - Plebeian aristocracy replaced the old Patrician aristocracy, and the last great political question of the earlier era had been resolved . As such, no important political changes occurred between 287 BC and 133 BC . This entire era was dominated by foreign wars, which eliminated the need to address the flaws in the current political system, since the patriotism of the Plebeians suppressed their desire for further reforms . However, this era created new problems, which began to be realized near the end of the 2nd century BC . For example, the nature of Rome's military commanders changed . Roman soldiers of earlier eras fought short wars, and then returned to their farms . Since their generals did the same thing, the soldiers came to view their generals as being nothing more than fellow citizen - soldiers . Now, however, wars were becoming longer and of a larger scale . Thus, this period saw a growing affinity between the average citizen and his general, while the generals acquired more power than they had ever held before . </P>

The main achievement of the 287 b.c. law in roman constitutional history was
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