<P> Alkaline drain openers primarily contain sodium hydroxide (lye) and some may contain potassium hydroxide . They may appear in liquid or solid form . </P> <P> Solid formulations of corrosive alkaline drain cleaners are composed of a caustic substance (often sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide), aluminum particles, and' additives .' These additives often include wetting agents such as alkyl aryl sulfonates, but the exact nature of these additives are not known for commercial drain cleaners, as they are regarded as the trade secrets that make each drain cleaner unique to its brand . </P> <P> The aluminum granules that are included in the solid caustic drain cleaner is an aluminum oxide that breaks down and re-oxidizes to release hydrogen gas . The components of this reaction are shown below . Because the release of hydrogen gas is overall an exothermic reaction, the extra heat released helps to break down the greases, oils, etc. that form the clog . </P> <P> 1 . Breakdown of Aluminum Oxide: Al O + 2NaOH + 3H O---> 2Na (Al (OH)) </P>

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