<P> In the 1950s and 1960s Europe saw the emergence of two different projects, the European Free Trade Association and the much more political European Economic Community . </P> <P> Individuals such as the former German Foreign Minister Joschka Fischer have said (in 2000) that he believes that the EU must in the end become a single federation, with its political leader chosen by direct elections among all of its citizens . However, claims that the (then) proposed Treaty of Nice aimed to create a "European superstate" were rejected by former United Kingdom European Commissioner Chris Patten and by many member - state governments . </P> <P> The member states of the European Union do have many common policies within the EU and on behalf of the EU that are sometimes suggestive of a single state . It has a common executive (the European Commission), a single High Representative for the Common Foreign and Security Policy, a common European Security and Defence Policy, a supreme court (European Court of Justice--but only in matters of European Union law) and an intergovernmental research organisation (the EIROforum with members like CERN). The euro is often referred to as the "single European currency", which has been officially adopted by nineteen EU countries while seven other member countries of the European Union have linked their currencies to the euro in ERM II . In addition a number of European territories outside the EU have adopted the euro unofficially such as Montenegro, the Republic of Kosovo and Andorra . </P> <P> However, the EU does not have a single constitution, a single government, a single foreign policy set by that government, a single taxation system contributing to a single exchequer or a single military . There is no such thing as a single European justice system, let alone a European prosecutor who could enforce European Union law in European trial courts independent of the courts of individual member states . There are no European trial judges who have sworn loyalty to Europe over loyalty to their home countries and no European prisons . Without its own independent courts and prisons, the European Union's ability to curb corruption in member states is severely limited (especially in contrast to the federal government of the United States). </P>

How did we unify the united states and confederate states into one country after the war