<P> In 1792--93, the Girondins were more prominent in leading France, the period when war was declared on Austria and Prussia, the monarchy was overthrown and the Republic created . </P> <P> In May 1793, led by Maximilien de Robespierre, the leaders of the Mountain faction succeeded in sidelining the Girondin faction and controlled the government until July 1794 . Their time in government was characterized by high levels of political violence; for this reason some historians label roughly that period of Jacobin / Mountain government as' Reign of Terror' . </P> <P> In October 1793, twenty - one prominent Girondins were guillotined . The Mountain - dominated government executed 17,000 opponents nationwide, purportedly to suppress the Vendée insurrection and the' Federalist insurrections', and to prevent any other insurrections . </P> <P> In July 1794, the government of Robespierre and allies was pushed out of power; Robespierre and 21 associates were executed . In November 1794, the Jacobin Club was closed . </P>

Club members who are known and called by name​ are