<P> In either qualitative or quantitative research, the researcher (s) may collect primary or secondary data . Primary data is data collected specifically for the research, such as through interviews or questionnaires . Secondary data is data that already exists, such as census data, which can be re-used for the research . It is good ethical research practice to use secondary data wherever possible . </P> <P> Mixed - method research, i.e. research that includes qualitative and quantitative elements, using both primary and secondary data, is becoming more common . </P> <P> Big data has brought big impacts on research methods so that now many researchers do not put much effort into data collection; furthermore, methods to analyze easily available huge amounts of data have also been developed . </P> <Dl> <Dt> Non-empirical research </Dt> </Dl>

Which of the following is not an example of a new technology for doing survey research