<P> Unlike diseases such as smallpox and polio, there is no vaccine or drug therapy for guinea worm . Eradication efforts have been based on making drinking water supplies safer (e.g. by provision of borehole wells, or through treating the water with larvicide), on containment of infection and on education for safe drinking water practices . These strategies have produced many successes: two decades of eradication efforts have reduced guinea worm's global incidence to 25 cases in 2016, down from an estimated 3.5 million in 1986 . Success has been slower than was hoped--the original goal for eradication was 1995 . The WHO has certified 180 countries free of the disease, and only three countries--South Sudan, Ethiopia, and Chad--reported cases of guinea worm in 2016 . As of 2010, the WHO predicted it would be "a few years yet" before eradication is achieved, on the basis that it took 6--12 years for the countries that have so far eliminated guinea worm transmission to do so after reporting a similar number of cases to that reported by Sudan in 2009 . Cases in 2016 were less than 1% of the number in 2009, so real progress has been made towards this prediction . Nonetheless, the last 1% may be the hardest . The worm is able to infect dogs, domestic cats and baboons as well as humans, complicating eradication efforts . </P> <P> Yaws is a rarely fatal but highly disfiguring disease caused by the spiral - shaped bacterium (spirochete) Treponema pallidum pertenue, a relative of the syphilis bacteria Treponema pallidum pallidum, spread through skin to skin contact with infectious lesions . The global prevalence of this disease and the other endemic treponematoses, bejel and pinta, was reduced by the Global Control of Treponematoses (TCP) programme between 1952 and 1964 from about 50 million cases to about 2.5 million (a 95% reduction). However, following the cessation of this program these diseases remained at a low prevalence in parts of Asia, Africa and the Americas with sporadic outbreaks . According to a 2012 official WHO roadmap, the elimination should be achievable by 2020 . Yaws is currently targeted by the South - East Asian Regional Office of the WHO for elimination from the remaining endemic countries in this region (India, Indonesia and East Timor) by 2010, and so far, this appears to have met with some success, since no cases have been seen in India since 2004 . The discovery that oral antibiotic azithromycin can be used instead of the previous standard, injected penicillin, was tested on Lihir Island from 2013 - 2014; a single oral dose of the macrolide antibiotic reduced disease prevalence from 2.4% to 0.3% at 12 months . The campaign was in an early stage in 2013, still gathering data on disease incidence and planning initial large - scale treatment campaigns in Cameroon, Ghana, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, and Vanuatu . </P> <P> Malaria has been eliminated from most of Europe, North America, Australia, North Africa and the Caribbean, and parts of South America, Asia and Southern Africa . The WHO defines elimination as having no domestic transmission for the past three years . They also define an "elimination stage" when a country is on the verge of eliminating malaria, as being less than one case per 1000 people at risk per year . According to the 2011 WHO World Malaria Report, 28 countries are certified as having eliminated malaria . Eight countries appear to be malaria free but steps still need to be taken to ensure they do not re-establish transmission . Nine countries are in the elimination stage and eight the pre-elimination stage (fewer than 5 cases per 1000 people at risk per year). </P> <P> In 1955 the WHO launched the Global Malaria Eradication Program (GMEP). Support waned, and the program was suspended in 1969 . Since 2000, support for eradication has increased . According to the WHO's World Malaria Report 2015, the global mortality rate for malaria fell by 60% between 2000 and 2015 . The WHO aims to achieve a further 90% reduction between 2015 and 2030 . Bill Gates believes that global eradication is possible by 2040 . </P>

What is the one disease that has been successfully eradicated