<P> Tianzhu or Tenjiku (Chinese and Japanese: 天竺) (originally pronounced xien - t'juk) is the historical East Asian name for India that comes from the Chinese transliteration of the Persian Hindu, which itself is derived from the Sanskrit Sindhu, the native name of the Indus River . Tianzhu is one of several Chinese transliterations of Sindhu . Shendu (身 毒) appears in Sima Qian's Shiji and Tiandu (天 篤) is used in the Hou Hanshu (Book of the Later Han). Yintejia (印 特 伽) comes from the Kuchean Indaka, another transliteration of Hindu . A detailed account of Tianzhu is given in the "Xiyu Zhuan" (Record of the Western Regions) in the Hou Hanshu compiled by Fan Ye (398--445): </P> <P> "The state of Tianzhu: Also, named Shendu, it lies several thousand li southeast of Yuezhi . Its customs are the same as those of Yuezhi, and it is low, damp, and very hot . It borders a large river . The inhabitants ride on elephants in warfare; they are weaker than the Yuezhi . They practise the way of Futu the Buddha and therefore it has become a custom among them not to kill or attack (others). From west of the states Yuezhi and Gaofu, and south until the Western Sea, and east until the state of Panqi, all is the territory of Shendu . Shendu has several hundred separate towns, with a governor, and separate states which can be numbered in the tens, each with its own king . Although there are small differences among them, they all come under the general name of Shendu, and at this time all are subject to Yuezhi . Yuezhi have killed their kings and established a general in order to rule over their people . The land produces elephants, rhinoceros, tortoise shell, gold, silver, copper, iron, lead, and tin . It communicates to the west with Da Qin (the Roman Empire) and so has the exotica of Da Qin ." </P> <P> Tianzhu was also referred to as Wutianzhu (五 天竺, literally "Five Indias"), because there were five geographical regions in India known to the Chinese: Central, Eastern, Western, Northern, and Southern India . The monk Xuanzang also referred to India as Wu Yin or "Five Inds". </P> <P> The term is also used in Japan, where it is pronounced as Tenjiku (天竺). The foreign loanwords Indo (インド) and India (インディア) are also used in some cases . The current Japanese name for modern India is the foreign loanword Indo (インド). </P>

Before 1947 there were two types of state in india name them and give a brief account of them