<P> The Woodland cultural period dates from about 2,000 BCE--1,000 CE, and has locales in Ontario, Quebec, and Maritime regions . The introduction of pottery distinguishes the Woodland culture from the earlier Archaic stage inhabitants . Laurentian people of southern Ontario manufactured the oldest pottery excavated to date in Canada . They created pointed - bottom beakers decorated by a cord marking technique that involved impressing tooth implements into wet clay . Woodland technology included items such as beaver incisor knives, bangles, and chisels . The population practising sedentary agricultural life ways continued to increase on a diet of squash, corn, and bean crops . </P> <P> The Hopewell tradition is an Aboriginal culture that flourished along American rivers from 300 BCE--500 CE . At its greatest extent, the Hopewell Exchange System networked cultures and societies with the peoples on the Canadian shores of Lake Ontario . Canadian expression of the Hopewellian peoples encompasses the Point Peninsula, Saugeen, and Laurel complexes . </P> <P> First Nations peoples had settled and established trade routes across what is now Canada by 500 BCE--1,000 CE . Communities developed each with its own culture, customs, and character . In the northwest were the Athapaskan, Slavey, Dogrib, Tutchone, and Tlingit . Along the Pacific coast were the Tsimshian; Haida; Salish; Kwakiutl; Heiltsuk; Nootka; Nisga'a; Senakw and Gitxsan . In the plains were the Blackfoot; Káínawa; Sarcee and Peigan . In the northern woodlands were the Cree and Chipewyan . Around the Great Lakes were the Anishinaabe; Algonquin; Iroquois and Huron . Along the Atlantic coast were the Beothuk, Maliseet, Innu, Abenaki and Mi'kmaq . </P> <P> Many Aboriginal civilizations established characteristics and hallmarks that included permanent urban settlements or cities, agriculture, civic and monumental architecture, and complex societal hierarchies . These cultures had evolved and changed by the time of the first permanent European arrivals (c. late 15th--early 16th centuries), and have been brought forward through archaeological investigations . </P>

Where did the first nations live in canada
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