<Ul> <Li> Textiles--mechanised cotton spinning powered by steam or water increased the output of a worker by a factor of around 500 . The power loom increased the output of a worker by a factor of over 40 . The cotton gin increased productivity of removing seed from cotton by a factor of 50 . Large gains in productivity also occurred in spinning and weaving of wool and linen, but they were not as great as in cotton . </Li> <Li> Steam power--the efficiency of steam engines increased so that they used between one - fifth and one - tenth as much fuel . The adaptation of stationary steam engines to rotary motion made them suitable for industrial uses . The high pressure engine had a high power to weight ratio, making it suitable for transportation . Steam power underwent a rapid expansion after 1800 . </Li> <Li> Iron making--the substitution of coke for charcoal greatly lowered the fuel cost of pig iron and wrought iron production . Using coke also allowed larger blast furnaces, resulting in economies of scale . The steam engine began being used to power blast air in the mid 1750s, enabling a large increase in iron production by overcoming the limitation of water power . The cast iron blowing cylinder was first used in 1760 . It was later improved by making it double acting, which allowed higher blast furnace temperatures . The puddling process produced a structural grade iron at a lower cost than the finery forge . The rolling mill was fifteen times faster than hammering wrought iron . Hot blast (1828) greatly increased fuel efficiency in iron production in the following decades . </Li> <Li> Invention of machine tools--The first machine tools were invented . These included the screw cutting lathe, cylinder boring machine and the milling machine . Machine tools made the economical manufacture of precision metal parts possible, although it took several decades to develop effective techniques . </Li> </Ul> <Li> Textiles--mechanised cotton spinning powered by steam or water increased the output of a worker by a factor of around 500 . The power loom increased the output of a worker by a factor of over 40 . The cotton gin increased productivity of removing seed from cotton by a factor of 50 . Large gains in productivity also occurred in spinning and weaving of wool and linen, but they were not as great as in cotton . </Li> <Li> Steam power--the efficiency of steam engines increased so that they used between one - fifth and one - tenth as much fuel . The adaptation of stationary steam engines to rotary motion made them suitable for industrial uses . The high pressure engine had a high power to weight ratio, making it suitable for transportation . Steam power underwent a rapid expansion after 1800 . </Li> <Li> Iron making--the substitution of coke for charcoal greatly lowered the fuel cost of pig iron and wrought iron production . Using coke also allowed larger blast furnaces, resulting in economies of scale . The steam engine began being used to power blast air in the mid 1750s, enabling a large increase in iron production by overcoming the limitation of water power . The cast iron blowing cylinder was first used in 1760 . It was later improved by making it double acting, which allowed higher blast furnace temperatures . The puddling process produced a structural grade iron at a lower cost than the finery forge . The rolling mill was fifteen times faster than hammering wrought iron . Hot blast (1828) greatly increased fuel efficiency in iron production in the following decades . </Li>

What role did new technology play in setting the stage for the industrial revolution