<P> The traditional Niño, also called Eastern Pacific (EP) El Niño, involves temperature anomalies in the Eastern Pacific . However, in the last two decades, nontraditional El Niños were observed, in which the usual place of the temperature anomaly (Niño 1 and 2) is not affected, but an anomaly arises in the central Pacific (Niño 3.4). The phenomenon is called Central Pacific (CP) El Niño, "dateline" El Niño (because the anomaly arises near the dateline), or El Niño "Modoki" (Modoki is Japanese for "similar, but different"). </P> <P> The effects of the CP El Niño are different from those of the traditional EP El Niño--e.g., the recently discovered El Niño leads to more hurricanes more frequently making landfall in the Atlantic . </P> <P> There is also a scientific debate on the very existence of this "new" ENSO . Indeed, a number of studies dispute the reality of this statistical distinction or its increasing occurrence, or both, either arguing the reliable record is too short to detect such a distinction, finding no distinction or trend using other statistical approaches, or that other types should be distinguished, such as standard and extreme ENSO . </P> <P> The first recorded El Niño that originated in the central Pacific and moved toward the east was in 1986 . Recent Central Pacific El Niños happened in 1986--87, 1991--92, 1994--95, 2002--03, 2004--05 and 2009--10 . Furthermore, there were "Modoki" events in 1957--59, 1963--64, 1965--66, 1968--70, 1977--78 and 1979--80 . Some sources say that the El Niños of 2006 - 07 and 2014 - 16 were also Central Pacific El Niños . </P>

Typically trade winds in an el niño year will