<P> Frankfurt School psychoanalyst and humanistic philosopher Erich Fromm drew a similar distinction between negative and positive freedom in his 1941 work, The Fear of Freedom, that predates Berlin's essay by more than a decade . Fromm sees the distinction between the two types of freedom emerging alongside humanity's evolution away from the instinctual activity that characterizes lower animal forms . This aspect of freedom, he argues, "is here used not in its positive sense of' freedom to' but in its negative sense of' freedom from', namely freedom from instinctual determination of his actions ." For Fromm, then, negative freedom marks the beginning of humanity as a species conscious of its own existence free from base instinct . </P> <P> The distinction between positive and negative liberty is considered specious by some socialist and Marxist political philosophers, who argue that positive and negative liberty are indistinguishable in practice, or that one cannot exist without the other . Although he is not a socialist nor a Marxist, Berlin argues: </P> <P> "It follows that a frontier must be drawn between the area of private life and that of public authority . Where it is to be drawn is a matter of argument, indeed of haggling . Men are largely interdependent, and no man's activity is so completely private as never to obstruct the lives of others in any way .' Freedom for the pike is death for the minnows'; the liberty of some must depend on the restraint of others ." </P> <P> Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy describes negative liberty: </P>

Freedom for the pike is death for the minnows meaning
find me the text answering this question