<P> An interpretation of the fresco relating to hidden symmetries of the figures and the star constructed by Bramante was given by Guerino Mazzola and collaborators . The main basis are two mirrored triangles on the drawing from Bramante (Euclid), which correspond to the feet positions of certain figures . </P> <P> The identities of some of the philosophers in the picture, such as Plato and Aristotle, are certain . Beyond that, identifications of Raphael's figures have always been hypothetical . To complicate matters, beginning from Vasari's efforts, some have received multiple identifications, not only as ancients but also as figures contemporary with Raphael . Vasari mentions portraits of the young Federico II Gonzaga, Duke of Mantua, leaning over Bramante with his hands raised near the bottom right, and Raphael himself . He was writing over 40 years after the painting, and never knew Raphael, but no doubt reflects what was believed in his time . Many other popular identifications of portraits are very dubious . </P> <P> Luitpold Dussler (de) counts among those who can be identified with some certainty: Plato, Aristotle, Socrates, Pythagoras, Euclid, Ptolemy, Zoroaster, Raphael, Sodoma and Diogenes of Sinope . Other identifications he holds to be "more or less speculative". </P> <P> A more comprehensive list of proposed identifications is given below: </P>

In raphael's painting the school of athens who is depicted