<Table> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> This article includes a list of references, but its sources remain unclear because it has insufficient inline citations . Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations . (June 2015) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) </Td> </Tr> </Table> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> This article includes a list of references, but its sources remain unclear because it has insufficient inline citations . Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations . (June 2015) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) </Td> </Tr> <P> In solid - state physics, the valence band and conduction band are the bands closest to the Fermi level and thus determine the electrical conductivity of the solid . In non-metals, the valence band is the highest range of electron energies in which electrons are normally present at absolute zero temperature, while the conduction band is the lowest range of vacant electronic states . On a graph of the electronic band structure of a material, the valence band is located below the Fermi level, while the conduction band is located above it . This distinction is meaningless in metals where conduction occurs in one or more partially filled bands, taking on the properties of both the valence and conduction bands . </P> <P> In semiconductors and insulators the two bands are separated by a band gap, while in semimetals the bands overlap . A band gap is an energy range in a solid where no electron states can exist due to the quantization of energy . Electrical conductivity of non-metals is determined by the susceptibility of electrons to excitation from the valence band to the conduction band . </P>

What is the difference between conduction band and valence band
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