<P> The discourses contained in this gospel seem to be concerned with issues of the church--synagogue debate at the time of composition . It is notable that in John, the community appears to define itself primarily in contrast to Judaism, rather than as part of a wider Christian community . Though Christianity started as a movement within Judaism, it gradually separated from Judaism because of mutual opposition between the two religions . </P> <P> The Gospel of John, the three Johannine epistles, and the Book of Revelation, exhibit marked similarities, although more so between the gospel and the epistles (especially the gospel and 1 John) than between those and Revelation . Most scholars therefore treat the five as a single corpus of Johannine literature, albeit not from the same author . </P> <P> The gospel of John went through two to three stages, or "editions", before reaching its current form around AD 90--110 . It arose in a Jewish Christian community probably located in Ephesus in modern Turkey, although other possibilities include Antioch (Syria), Palestine, and Alexandria (Egypt). It speaks of an unnamed "disciple whom Jesus loved" as the source of its traditions, but does not say specifically that he is its author . Christian tradition identified this disciple as the apostle John, but for a variety of reasons the majority of scholars have abandoned this view or hold it only tenuously . </P> <P> The scholarly consensus in the second half of the 20th century was that John was independent of the synoptic gospels (Matthew, Mark, and Luke), but this agreement broke down in the last decade of the century and there are now many who believe that John did know some version of Mark and possibly Luke, as he shares with them some items of vocabulary and clusters of incidents arranged in the same order . Key terms from the synoptics, however, are absent or nearly so, implying that if the author did know those gospels he felt free to write independently . </P>

Who was john written to in the bible
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