<P> TO MAKE A DADAIST POEM Take a newspaper . Take some scissors . Choose from this paper an article of the length you want to make your poem . Cut out the article . Next carefully cut out each of the words that makes up this article and put them all in a bag . Shake gently . Next take out each cutting one after the other . Copy conscientiously in the order in which they left the bag . The poem will resemble you . And there you are--an infinitely original author of charming sensibility, even though unappreciated by the vulgar herd . </P> <P> The Dadaists--the "monteurs" (mechanics)--used scissors and glue rather than paintbrushes and paints to express their views of modern life through images presented by the media . A variation on the collage technique, photomontage utilized actual or reproductions of real photographs printed in the press . In Cologne, Max Ernst used images from the First World War to illustrate messages of the destruction of war . </P> <P> The assemblages were three - dimensional variations of the collage--the assembly of everyday objects to produce meaningful or meaningless (relative to the war) pieces of work including war objects and trash . Objects were nailed, screwed or fastened together in different fashions . Assemblages could be seen in the round or could be hung on a wall . </P> <P> Marcel Duchamp began to view the manufactured objects of his collection as objects of art, which he called "readymades". He would add signatures and titles to some, converting them into artwork that he called "readymade aided" or "rectified readymades". Duchamp wrote: "One important characteristic was the short sentence which I occasionally inscribed on the' readymade .' That sentence, instead of describing the object like a title, was meant to carry the mind of the spectator towards other regions more verbal . Sometimes I would add a graphic detail of presentation which in order to satisfy my craving for alliterations, would be called' readymade aided ."' One such example of Duchamp's readymade works is the urinal that was turned onto its back, signed "R. Mutt", titled Fountain, and submitted to the Society of Independent Artists exhibition that year, though it was not displayed . </P>

Which of the following was an artist in the dada group