<Li> Cholera outbreak in 2011 and 2012 in multiple African nations, in all regions except North Africa, among them Ghana has led to intense campaign for handwashing . In Sierra Leone, some 21,500 cases with 290 deaths have been reported in 2012 . </Li> <Li> Since 2010, fatal cholera outbreaks, not only those affecting travelers, have been reported in Haiti, Dominican Republic, Cuba, Venezuela, Iraq, Nepal, Pakistan, Iran, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam, Afghanistan, India, China, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Kenya, Uganda, Zimbabwe, Zambia, Angola, Somalia, Ethiopia, Ivory Coast, DRC, Congo, Mozambique, Ghana, Guinea, Mali, Ukraine, and Niger . </Li> <Li> On August 21, 2013 the United States State Department issued a security message warning U.S. citizens in or traveling to Cuba about an outbreak of cholera in Havana, that may be linked to a reported outbreak of cholera in eastern Cuba . </Li> <Li> An ongoing cholera outbreak in Ghana in 2014, hitting hard the capital Accra, has claimed some 100 lives and over 11,000 cases by September, but has been largely gone unnoticed as Ebola news in nearby countries has overshadowed it; yet, cholera can kill in hours, considerably faster than Ebola . In 2011 and 2012 Ghana had cholera epidemics combined totaled 16,000 cases and 130 deaths . </Li>

Which of the following helped to prevent cholera epidemics in the large industrialized cities