<P> After the death of Qin Shihuang, first emperor of the Qin dynasty, a widespread revolt by prisoners, peasants, and unhappy soldiers inevitably led to the fall of the Qin dynasty due to its tyrannical practices . The establishment of the Han dynasty marked a great period in China's history marked by significant changes in the political structure of the country . Under the Han emperors, significant changes were made in which the government introduced entrance examinations known as civil service or imperial examinations for governmental positions . Additionally, the Han dynasty prospered economically through the Silk Road and other trading means . </P> <P> During the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period, there was no dominant Chinese dynasty that ruled all of China . This created a problem for the Song Dynasty that followed, as they wanted to legitimize their rule by claiming that the Mandate of Heaven had passed on them . The scholar - official Xue Juzheng compiled the Old History of the Five Dynasties (五代 史) during the 960s and 970s, after the Song Dynasty had taken northern China from the last of the Five Dynasties, the Later Zhou . A major purpose was to establish justification for the transference of the Mandate of Heaven through these five dynasties, and thus to the Song Dynasty . He argued that these dynasties met certain vital criteria to be considered as having attained the Mandate of Heaven despite never having ruled all of China . One is that they all ruled the traditional Chinese heartland . They also held considerably more territory than any of the other Chinese states that had existed conterminously in the south . </P> <P> However, there were certain other areas where these dynasties all clearly fell short . The brutal behavior of Zhu Wen and the Later Liang was a source of considerable embarrassment, and thus there was pressure to exclude them from the Mandate . The following three dynasties, the Later Tang, Later Jin, and Later Han were all non-Han Chinese dynasties, all having been ruled by the Shatuo ethnic minority . There is also the concern that though each of them was the most powerful Chinese kingdom of its respective era, none of them ever really had the ability to unify the entire Chinese realm as there were several powerful states to the south . However, it was the conclusion of Xue Juzheng that the Mandate had indeed passed through each of the Five Dynasties, and thus onto the Song Dynasty when it conquered the last of those dynasties . </P> <P> The concept of the Mandate of Heaven eventually spread to nearby countries as a justification for rule by divine political legitimacy . In Korea, it was first adopted by the Choson dynasty and became an enduring state ideology . </P>

Explain the mandate of heaven and the role it played in developing china