<Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> This section possibly contains original research . Please improve it by verifying the claims made and adding inline citations . Statements consisting only of original research should be removed . (April 2018) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) </Td> </Tr> <P> Juvenile Court Schools provide public education for juveniles who are incarcerated in facilities run by county probation departments . These schools are located in juvenile halls, juvenile homes, day centers, ranches, camps, and regional youth education facilities and are operated by the county board of education . Even though court schools have the same school curriculum, they are often more strict in discipline that is more punitive than holistic . The most disadvantaged and "troubled" students are filling up schools in the juvenile justice system . These students are often further behind in credits and with more personal and structural problems than their counterparts at traditional schools . The majority of these teenagers struggle with learning disabilities, which ties with noticeable behavioral problems, and are experiencing emotional and psychological problems at home . Zero tolerance policies seem to be more strict in the juvenile justice system than in other traditional schools . In a juvenile court school, when a student violates a zero tolerance rule they automatically are prone to suspension and eventually going back to a detention center for its violation . In contrast, a student from a traditional school is more likely to get a second chance for its violation . Zero Tolerance policies are enforced in a greatly manner in juvenile court schools than in other traditional schools . </P> <P> The rules at Juvenile Court Schools are strict and are based on zero tolerance policies . Zero Tolerance Policies may serve more to "push students further out of school and into the school - to - prison pipeline than to re engage them". Students are being harshly punished for minor incidents that should be fixed without having to involve severe consequences . Zero tolerance policies have taken over the role of education . The definition of Zero Tolerance Policies is described in the article, A Study of Zero Tolerance Policies in Schools: A Multi-Integrated Systems Approach to Improve Outcomes for Adolescents, as "...a widespread application to minor offenses can be attributed to the "Broken Windows" theory of crime . This theory analogizes the spread of crime to a few broken windows in a building that go un-repaired and consequently attract vagrants who break more windows and soon become squatters". </P> <P> Stephen Hoffman in his article, "Zero Benefit: Estimating the Effect of Zero Tolerance Discipline Policies on Racial Disparities in School Discipline" states that, "...zero tolerance discipline policies are associated with poorer school climate, lower student achievement, higher dropout rates ..." At Juvenile Court Schools, students are expected to follow a set of rules . The rules at the Court Schools differ from those at traditional schools; they are more punitive . </P>

When were the first institutions created to provide youth with the discipline