<P> The fort's central flagpole was knocked down at 1 p.m. on April 13, raising doubts among the Confederates about whether the fort was ready to surrender . Col. Louis Wigfall, a former U.S. senator, had been observing the battle and decided that this indicated the fort had had enough punishment . He commandeered a small boat and proceeded from Morris Island, waving a white handkerchief from his sword, dodging incoming rounds from Sullivan's Island . Meeting with Major Anderson, he said, "You have defended your flag nobly, Sir . You have done all that it is possible to do, and General Beauregard wants to stop this fight . On what terms, Major Anderson, will you evacuate this fort?" Anderson was encouraged that Wigfall had said "evacuate," not "surrender ." He was low on ammunition, fires were burning out of control, and his men were hungry and exhausted . Satisfied that they had defended their post with honor, enduring over 3,000 Confederate rounds without losing a man, Anderson agreed to a truce at 2: 00 p.m. </P> <P> Fort Sumter raised Wigfall's white handkerchief on its flagpole as Wigfall departed in his small boat back to Morris Island, where he was hailed as a hero . The handkerchief was spotted in Charleston and a delegation of officers representing Beauregard--Stephen D. Lee, Porcher Miles, a former mayor of Charleston, and Roger Pryor--sailed to Sumter, unaware of Wigfall's visit . Anderson was outraged when these officers disavowed Wigfall's authority, telling him that the former senator had not spoken with Beauregard for two days, and he threatened to resume firing . Meanwhile, General Beauregard himself had finally seen the handkerchief and sent a second set of officers, offering essentially the same terms that Wigfall had presented, so the agreement was reinstated . </P> <P> The Union garrison formally surrendered the fort to Confederate personnel at 2: 30 p.m., April 13 . No one from either side was killed during the bombardment . During the 100 - gun salute to the U.S. flag--Anderson's one condition for withdrawal--a pile of cartridges blew up from a spark, mortally wounding privates Daniel Hough and Edward Galloway, and seriously wounding the other four members of the gun crew; these were the first military fatalities of the war . The salute was stopped at fifty shots . Hough was buried in the Fort Sumter parade ground within two hours after the explosion . Galloway and Private George Fielding were sent to the hospital in Charleston, where Galloway died a few days later; Fielding was released after six weeks . The other wounded men and the remaining Union troops were placed aboard a Confederate steamer, the Isabel, where they spent the night and were transported the next morning to Fox's relief ship Baltic, resting outside the harbor bar . </P> <P> Anderson carried the Fort Sumter Flag with him North, where it became a widely known symbol of the battle, and rallying point for supporters of the Union . This inspired Frederic Edwin Church to paint Our Banner in the Sky, described as a "symbolic landscape embodying the stars and stripes ." A chromolithograph was then created and sold to benefit the families of Union soldiers . </P>

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