<P> For much of the 1770s, the Comanche had raided in New Mexico . They were driven from New Mexico in 1779 by a broad assault led by New Mexico governor Juan Bautista de Anza and redirected their activities to the weakly defended Texas . During the same time period the Apaches, who had been stockpiling guns received from the Karankawas, returned to raiding settlements in Texas, violating their peace treaty . The Comanche promptly declared war on the Apache . </P> <P> Gálvez became the viceroy of New Spain in 1785 and regained control of the interior provinces . Gálvez ordered that the Native Americans be encouraged to use alcohol, which they could only get through trading, and that the firearms they were traded be poorly made so that they would be awkward to use and easy to break . His policies were never implemented, as Spain did not have the money to provide gifts such as those to the tribes . Instead, the Spanish negotiated a treaty with the Comanche in late 1785 . The treaty promised annual gifts to the Comanches, and the peace it brought lasted for the next 30 years . By late 1786, northern and western Texas were secure enough that Pedro Vial and a single companion safely "pioneered a trail from San Antonio to Santa Fe," a distance of 700 miles (1,100 km). </P> <P> The Comanches were willing to fight the enemies of their new friends, and soon attacked the Karankawa . Over the next several years, the Comanches killed many of the Karankawa in the area and drove the others into Mexico . By 1804, very few natives lived on the barrier islands, where the Karankawa had made their home . In January 1790, the Comanche also helped the Spanish fight a large battle against the Mescalero and Lipan Apaches at Soledad Creek west of San Antonio . Over 1000 Comanche warriors participated in raids against the Apache in 1791 and 1792, and the Apache were forced to scatter into the mountains in Mexico . In 1796, Spanish officials began an attempt to have the Apache and Comanche coexist in peace, and over the next ten years the intertribal fighting declined . </P> <P> In 1791 and 1792, Fray José Francisco Garza befriended some of the Karankawa and other native peoples . Their friendship allowed Garza to explore much of the coastal areas that had been too dangerous to visit . The Native Americans requested that Garza build a mission at the junction of the San Antonio and Guadalupe Rivers, and in February 1793 Mission Nuestra Señora del Refugio opened near Mission Lake at the head of San Antonio Bay . Over 230 Native Americans lived at the mission initially, but within two years they were forced to move to a less flood - prone site, which became known as Refugio . By the end of the eighteenth century, only a small number of the hunting and gathering tribes within Texas had not been Christianized . In 1793, mission San Antonio de Valero was secularized, and the following year the four remaining missions at San Antonio were partially secularized . </P>

Who led the french colonists in their attempt to start a colony on the trinity river