<P> Responding to Smiling Buddha, the Nuclear Suppliers Group severely affected the India's nuclear program . The world's major nuclear powers imposed technological embargo on India and Pakistan, which was technologically racing to meet with India's challenge . The nuclear program struggled for years to gain credibility and its progress crippled by the lack of indigenous resources and dependent on imported technology and technical assistance . At IAEA, Prime Minister Indira Gandhi declared that India's nuclear program was not militarising despite authorising preliminary work on the hydrogen bomb design . </P> <P> As an aftermath of the state emergency in 1975 that resulted in the collapse of the Prime Minister Indira Gandhi's government, the nuclear program was left with a vacuum of political leadership and even basic management . Work on the hydrogen bomb design continued under M. Srinivasan, a mechanical engineer, but progress was slow . </P> <P> The nuclear program received little attention from Prime Minister Morarji Desai who was renowned for his peace advocacy . In 1978, Prime Minister Desai transferred physicist Ramanna to Indian MoD, and his government was not entirely without progress in nuclear program and had the program continue to grow at a desirable rate . </P> <P> Disturbing news came from Pakistan when the world discovered the Pakistan's clandestine atomic bomb program . Contrary to India's nuclear program, Pakistan's atomic bomb program was akin to United States's Manhattan Project, it was under military oversight with civilian scientists in charge of the scientific aspects of the program . The Pakistani atomic bomb program was well funded and organised by then; India realised that Pakistan was likely to succeed in its project in matter of two years . </P>

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