<P> Social psychologists John R.P. French and Bertram Raven, in a now - classic study (1959), developed a schema of sources of power by which to analyse how power plays work (or fail to work) in a specific relationship . </P> <P> According to French and Raven, power must be distinguished from influence in the following way: power is that state of affairs which holds in a given relationship, A-B, such that a given influence attempt by A over B makes A's desired change in B more likely . Conceived this way, power is fundamentally relative--it depends on the specific understandings A and B each apply to their relationship, and, interestingly, requires B's recognition of a quality in A which would motivate B to change in the way A intends . A must draw on the' base' or combination of bases of power appropriate to the relationship, to effect the desired outcome . Drawing on the wrong power base can have unintended effects, including a reduction in A's own power . </P> <P> French and Raven argue that there are five significant categories of such qualities, while not excluding other minor categories . Further bases have since been adduced--in particular by Gareth Morgan in his 1986 book, Images of Organization . </P> <P> Also called "positional power," it is the power of an individual because of the relative position and duties of the holder of the position within an organization . Legitimate power is formal authority delegated to the holder of the position . It is usually accompanied by various attributes of power such as a uniform, a title, or an imposing physical office . </P>

Who defined politics as the struggle for power