<P> While it is currently unknown precisely how long EHRs will be preserved, it is certain that length of time will exceed the average shelf - life of paper records . The evolution of technology is such that the programs and systems used to input information will likely not be available to a user who desires to examine archived data . One proposed solution to the challenge of long - term accessibility and usability of data by future systems is to standardize information fields in a time - invariant way, such as with XML language . Olhede and Peterson report that "the basic XML - format has undergone preliminary testing in Europe by a Spri project and been found suitable for EU purposes . Spri has advised the Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare and the Swedish National Archive to issue directives concerning the use of XML as the archive - format for EHCR (Electronic Health Care Record) information ." </P> <P> When care is provided at two different facilities, it may be difficult to update records at both locations in a co-ordinated fashion . Two models have been used to satisfy this problem: a centralized data server solution, and a peer - to - peer file synchronization program (as has been developed for other peer - to - peer networks). Synchronization programs for distributed storage models, however, are only useful once record standardization has occurred . Merging of already existing public healthcare databases is a common software challenge . The ability of electronic health record systems to provide this function is a key benefit and can improve healthcare delivery . </P> <P> The sharing of patient information between health care organizations and IT systems is changing from a "point to point" model to a "many to many" one . The European Commission is supporting moves to facilitate cross-border interoperability of e-health systems and to remove potential legal hurdles, as in the project www.epsos.eu/ . To allow for global shared workflow, studies will be locked when they are being read and then unlocked and updated once reading is complete . Radiologists will be able to serve multiple health care facilities and read and report across large geographical areas, thus balancing workloads . The biggest challenges will relate to interoperability and legal clarity . In some countries it is almost forbidden to practice teleradiology . The variety of languages spoken is a problem and multilingual reporting templates for all anatomical regions are not yet available . However, the market for e-health and teleradiology is evolving more rapidly than any laws or regulations . </P> <P> The European Commission wants to boost the digital economy by enabling all Europeans to have access to online medical records anywhere in Europe by 2020 . With the newly enacted Directive 2011 / 24 / EU on patients' rights in cross-border healthcare due for implementation by 2013, it is inevitable that a centralised European health record system will become a reality even before 2020 . However, the concept of a centralised supranational central server raises concern about storing electronic medical records in a central location . The privacy threat posed by a supranational network is a key concern . Cross-border and Interoperable electronic health record systems make confidential data more easily and rapidly accessible to a wider audience and increase the risk that personal data concerning health could be accidentally exposed or easily distributed to unauthorised parties by enabling greater access to a compilation of the personal data concerning health, from different sources, and throughout a lifetime . </P>

Which of the following describes the records of patients who have moved across the country