<P> Although many of the Non-Aligned Movement's members were actually quite closely aligned with one or another of the superpowers, the movement still maintained cohesion throughout the Cold War, even despite several conflicts between members which also threatened the movement . In the years since the Cold War's end, it has focused on developing multilateral ties and connections as well as unity among the developing nations of the world, especially those within the Global South . </P> <P> The founding fathers of the Non-Aligned Movement were Josip Broz Tito of Socialist Yugoslavia, Jawaharlal Nehru of India, Sukarno of Indonesia, Gamal Abdul Nasser of Egypt and Kwame Nkrumah of Ghana . Their actions were known as' The Initiative of Five' . </P> <P> The Non-Aligned Movement as an organization was founded on the Brijuni islands in Yugoslavia in 1956, and was formalized by signing the Declaration of Brijuni on July 19th, 1956 . The Declaration was signed by Yugoslavia's president, Josip Broz Tito, India's first prime minister Jawaharlal Nehru and Egypt's second president, Gamal Abdel Nasser . One of the quotations within the Declaration is "Peace cannot be achieved with separation, but with the aspiration towards collective security in global terms and expansion of freedom, as well as terminating the domination of one country over another". The Movement advocates a middle course for states in the developing world between the Western and Eastern Blocs during the Cold War . The phrase itself was first used to represent the doctrine by Indian diplomat V.K. Krishna Menon in 1953, at the United Nations . </P> <P> But it soon after became the name to refer to the participants of the Conference of Heads of State or Government of Non-Aligned Countries first held in 1961 . The term "non-alignment" was established in 1953 at the United Nations . Nehru used the phrase in a 1954 speech in Colombo, Sri Lanka . In this speech, Nehru described the five pillars to be used as a guide for Sino - Indian relations called Panchsheel (five restraints); these principles would later serve as the basis of the Non-Aligned Movement . The five principles were: </P>

Where was the first summit of non-aligned movement held