<Tr> <Th> Most populous state </Th> <Td> Virginia 747,610 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Least populous state </Th> <Td> Delaware 59,094 </Td> </Tr> <P> The United States Census of 1790 was the first census of the whole United States . It recorded the population of the United States as of Census Day, August 2, 1790, as mandated by Article I, Section 2 of the United States Constitution and applicable laws . In the first census, the population of the United States was enumerated to be 3,929,214 . </P> <P> Congress assigned responsibility for the 1790 census to the marshals of United States judicial districts under an act which, with minor modifications and extensions, governed census taking through 1840 . "The law required that every household be visited, that completed census schedules be posted in' two of the most public places within (each jurisdiction), there to remain for the inspection of all concerned ...' and that' the aggregate amount of each description of persons' for every district be transmitted to the president ." </P>

In 1790 the first us census was taken in order to
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