<Tr> <Td> 1945 </Td> <Td> 66,210 </Td> <Td> 46,910 </Td> <Td> 19,304 </Td> <Td> 29.2 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 1946 </Td> <Td> 60,520 </Td> <Td> 43,690 </Td> <Td> 16,840 </Td> <Td> 27.8 </Td> </Tr> <P> Women also took on new roles in sport and entertainment, which opened to them as more and more men were drafted . The All - American Girls' Professional Baseball League (AAGPBL) was the creation of Chicago Cubs owner Philip Wrigley, who sought alternative ways to expand his baseball franchise as top male players left for military service . In 1943, he created an eight team League in small industrial cities around the Great Lakes; team names included the Kenosha Comets, the Rockford Peaches, and the Fort Wayne Daisies . Night games offered affordable, patriotic entertainment to working Americans who had flocked to wartime jobs in the Midwest hubs of Chicago and Detroit (although better paid than in the prewar Depression, most industrial war workers were on gas and tire rationing, limiting them to local recreation options .) The League provided a novelty entertainment of girls who played hardball as well as men, executing traditional baseball skills of sliding and double - plays while wearing short, feminine uniform skirts . Players as young as fifteen were recruited from farm families and urban industrial teams, chaperoned on the road and subject to strict rules of behavior that included mandatory makeup and feminine hair styling, no drinking or smoking, no swearing, no fraternization with men, and no wearing pants in public; moreover, the League only recruited white players . Fans supported the League to the extent that it continued well past the conclusion of the war, lasting through 1953 . During the 1980s, the League was formally inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown, New York, and became the subject of a popular mainstream film directed by Penny Marshall, A League of their Own . </P> <P> Labor shortages were felt in agriculture, even though most farmers were given an exemption and few were drafted . Large numbers volunteered or moved to cities for factory jobs . At the same time many agricultural commodities were in greater demand by the military and for the civilian populations of Allies . Production was encouraged and prices and markets were under tight federal control . Civilians were encouraged to create "victory gardens", farms that were often started in backyards and lots . Children were encouraged to help with these farms, too . </P>

In what ways did the war affect the us at home