<P> The main campus is one of the largest in the United States, spanning 5,200 acres (21 km), and is home to the George Bush Presidential Library . About one - fifth of the student body lives on campus . Texas A&M has over 1,000 officially recognized student organizations . Many students also observe the traditions, which govern daily life, as well as special occasions, including sports events . Working with agencies such as the Texas AgriLife Research and Texas AgriLife Extension Service, Texas A&M has a direct presence in each of the 254 counties in Texas . The university offers degrees in over 150 courses of study through ten colleges and houses 18 research institutes . </P> <P> As a Senior Military College, Texas A&M is one of six American public universities with a full - time, volunteer Corps of Cadets who study alongside civilian undergraduate students . </P> <P> The U.S. Congress laid the groundwork for the establishment of A.M.C. in 1862 with the adoption of the Morrill Act . The act auctioned land grants of public lands to establish endowments for colleges where the "leading object shall be, without excluding other scientific and classical studies and including military tactics, to teach such branches of learning as are related to agriculture and mechanical arts...to promote the liberal and practical education of the industrial classes in the several pursuits and professions in life". In 1871, the Texas Legislature used these funds to establish the state's first public institution of higher education, the Agricultural and Mechanical College of Texas, then known as Texas A.M.C. Brazos County donated 2,416 acres (10 km) near Bryan, Texas, for the school's campus . </P> <P> Enrollment began on October 2, 1876 . Six students enrolled on the first day, and classes officially began on October 4, 1876, with six faculty members . During the first semester, enrollment increased to 48 students, and by the end of the spring 1877 semester, 106 students had enrolled . Admission was limited to white males, and all students were required to participate in the Corps of Cadets and receive military training . Although traditional Texas A&M University Corps of Cadets "campusologies" indicate 40 students began classes on October 4, 1876, the exact number of students enrolled on that day is unknown . Enrollment climbed to 258 students before declining to 108 students in 1883, the year the University of Texas opened in Austin, Texas . Though originally envisioned and annotated in the Texas Constitution as a branch of the University of Texas, Texas A.M.C. had a separate Board of Directors from the University of Texas from the first day of classes . University of Texas System . </P>

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