<P> Atocha Railway Station (Estación de Atocha) is the city's first and most central station, and is also home to a 4,000 - square - metre (43,056 - square - foot) indoor garden, with more than 500 species of plant life and ponds with turtles and goldfish in . </P> <P> Casa de Campo is an enormous urban parkland to the west of the city, the largest in Spain and Madrid's main green lung . Its area is more than 1,700 hectares (6.6 sq mi). It is home to a fairground, the Madrid Zoo, an amusement park, the Parque de Atracciones de Madrid, and an outdoor municipal pool, to enjoy a bird's eye view of the park and city take a cable car trip above the tree tops . Casa de Campo's vegetation is one of its most important features . There are, in fact, three different ecosystems: oak, pine and river groves . The oak is the dominant tree species in the area and, although many of them are over 100 years old and reach a great height, they are also present in the form of chaparral and bushes . The pine - forest ecosystem boasts a large number of trees that have adapted perfectly to the light, dry conditions in the park . In addition, mushrooms often emerge after the first rains of autumn . Finally, the river groves, or riparian forests, are made up of various, mainly deciduous, species that grow in wetter areas . Examples include poplars, willows and alder trees . As regards fauna, this green space is home to approximately 133 vertebrate species . </P> <P> The Royal Botanical Garden of Madrid (Real Jardín Botánico de Madrid) is an 8 - hectare botanical garden located in the Plaza de Murillo, next to the Prado Museum . It was an 18th - century creation by Carlos III and it was used as a base for the plant species being collected across the globe . There is an important research facility that started life as a base to develop herbal remedies and to house the species collected from the new - world trips, today it is dedicated to maintaining Europe's ecosystem . </P> <P> The Royal Palace (Palacio Real) is surrounded by three green areas . In front of the palace, are the gardens of the Plaza de Oriente; to the north, the gardens of Sabatini and to the west up to the Manzanares River, the famous Campo del Moro . Campo del Moro gardens has a surface area of 20 hectares and is a scenic garden with an unusual layout filled with foliage and an air of English romanticism . The Sabatini Gardens have a formal Neoclassic style, consisting of well - trimmed hedges, in symmetric geometrical patterns, adorned with a pool, statues and fountains, with trees also planted in a symmetrical geometric shape . Plaza de Oriente can distinguish three main plots: the Central Gardens, the Cabo Noval Gardens and the Lepanto Gardens . The Central Gardens are arranged around the central monument to Philip IV, in a grid, following the barroque model garden . They consist of seven flowerbeds, each packed with box hedges, forms of cypress, yew and magnolia of small size, and flower plantations, temporary . These are bounded on either side by rows of statues paths, popularly known as the Gothic kings, and mark the dividing line between the main body of the plaza and the Cabo Noval Gardens at north, and the Lepanto Gardens at south . </P>

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