<P> After 80 overs, the captain of the bowling side may take a new ball, although this is not required . The captain will usually take the new ball: being harder and smoother than an old ball, a new ball generally favours faster bowlers who can make it bounce more variably . The roughened, softer surface of an old ball can be more conducive to spin bowlers, or those using reverse swing . The captain may delay the decision to take the new ball if he wishes to continue with his spinners (because the pitch favours spin). After a new ball has been taken, should an innings last a further 80 overs, then the captain will have the option to take another new ball . </P> <P> A Test match may end in one of six results: </P> <Ul> <Li> All four innings are complete . The team batting fourth are all out before overtaking the other team, usually before matching the other team's score . The team that batted third are the winners by a margin equal to the difference in the aggregate runs scored by the two teams (for example, "Team A won by 95 runs"). Very rarely (in over 2,000 Test matches played, it has only happened twice) the scores can end level, resulting in a tie . </Li> <Li> The team batting in the fourth innings overtakes the opposing team's run total . The match ends, and the team batting fourth is the winner by a margin equal to the number of wickets still to fall in the innings (for example, "Team B won by five wickets"). </Li> <Li> The third innings concludes with the team that batted twice still trailing the team that batted once . The match ends without playing a fourth innings . The team that batted only once is the winner by a margin equal to "an innings" plus the difference in aggregate run totals of the teams (for example, "Team B won by an innings and 26 runs"). </Li> <Li> Time for the match expires without a result being reached . This usually occurs at the end of the last day of the match . The result is a draw: there is no winner, no matter how superior the position of one of the sides . Rain causing a loss of playing time is a common factor in drawn matches, although matches may be drawn even without interference from the weather: usually as a result of poor time management or an intentional effort on the part of one team to avoid losing . </Li> <Li> The match is abandoned because the ground is declared unfit for play . This has occurred three times, resulting each time in a draw being declared: England v Australia at Headingley, Leeds, 1975 (vandalism); West Indies v England at Sabina Park, Kingston, Jamaica, 1998 (dangerous ground); West Indies v England at Sir Vivian Richards Stadium, Antigua, 2009 (dangerous ground). </Li> <Li> The match is awarded through a forfeiture . If a team refuses to take the field of play, the umpires may award the match to the opposing team . This has only happened once in Test cricket, in the 2006 Fourth Test between England and Pakistan . </Li> </Ul> <Li> All four innings are complete . The team batting fourth are all out before overtaking the other team, usually before matching the other team's score . The team that batted third are the winners by a margin equal to the difference in the aggregate runs scored by the two teams (for example, "Team A won by 95 runs"). Very rarely (in over 2,000 Test matches played, it has only happened twice) the scores can end level, resulting in a tie . </Li>

How many overs in a 5 day test match