<P> With the collapse of the Soviet Union in the early 1990s and the absence of a perceived threat to the United States came drastic cuts in the defense budget, and the high cost of maintaining and operating battleships as part of the United States Navy's active fleet became uneconomical; as a result, Missouri was decommissioned on 31 March 1992 at Long Beach, California after 16 total years of active service . Her last commanding officer, Captain Albert L. Kaiss, wrote in the ship's final Plan of the Day: </P> <P> Our final day has arrived . Today the final chapter in battleship Missouri's history will be written . It's often said that the crew makes the command . There is no truer statement...for it's the crew of this great ship that made this a great command . You are a special breed of sailors and Marines and I am proud to have served with each and every one of you . To you who have made the painful journey of putting this great lady to sleep, I thank you . For you have had the toughest job . To put away a ship that has become as much a part of you as you are to her is a sad ending to a great tour . But take solace in this--you have lived up to the history of the ship and those who sailed her before us . We took her to war, performed magnificently and added another chapter in her history, standing side by side our forerunners in true naval tradition . God bless you all . </P> <P> Missouri returned to be part of the United States Navy reserve fleet at Puget Sound Naval Shipyard, Bremerton, Washington, until 12 January 1995, when she was struck from the Naval Vessel Register . She remained in Bremerton, but was not open to tourists as she had been from 1957 to 1984 . In spite of attempts by citizens' groups to keep her in Bremerton and be re-opened as a tourist site, the U.S. Navy wanted to pair a symbol of the end of World War II with one representing its beginning . On 4 May 1998, Secretary of the Navy John H. Dalton signed the donation contract that transferred her to the nonprofit USS Missouri Memorial Association (MMA) of Honolulu, Hawaii . She was towed from Bremerton on 23 May to Astoria, Oregon, where she sat in fresh water at the mouth of the Columbia River to kill and drop the saltwater barnacles and sea grasses that had grown on her hull in Bremerton, then towed across the eastern Pacific, and docked at Ford Island, Pearl Harbor on 22 June, just 500 yd (460 m) from the Arizona Memorial . Less than a year later, on 29 January 1999, Missouri was opened as a museum operated by the MMA . </P> <P> Originally, the decision to move Missouri to Pearl Harbor was met with some resistance . The National Park Service expressed concern that the battleship, whose name has become synonymous with the end of World War II, would overshadow the battleship Arizona, whose dramatic explosion and subsequent sinking on 7 December 1941 has since become synonymous with the attack on Pearl Harbor . To help guard against this impression Missouri was placed well back from and facing the Arizona Memorial, so that those participating in military ceremonies on Missouri's aft decks would not have sight of the Arizona Memorial . The decision to have Missouri's bow face the Arizona Memorial was intended to convey that Missouri watches over the remains of Arizona so that those interred within Arizona's hull may rest in peace . </P>

When did the uss missouri last see combat