<P> This power, which is analogous to the bringing of criminal charges by a grand jury, has been used only rarely . The House has begun impeachment proceedings 62 times since 1789, and nineteen federal officials have been formally impeached as a result, including: two Presidents (Andrew Johnson and Bill Clinton), one Cabinet Secretary (William W. Belknap), one Senator (William Blount), one Supreme Court Associate Justice (Samuel Chase), and fourteen federal judges . </P> <P> The Constitution does not specify how impeachment proceedings are to be initiated . Until the early 20th century, a House member could rise and propose an impeachment, which would then be assigned to a committee for investigation . Presently, it is the House Judiciary Committee that initiates the process and then, after investigating the allegations, prepares recommendations for the whole House's consideration . If the House votes to adopt an impeachment resolution, the Chairman of the Judiciary Committee recommends a slate of "managers," whom the House subsequently approves by resolution . These Representatives subsequently become the prosecution team in the impeachment trial in the Senate (see Section 3, Clause 6 below). </P> <P> The Senate of the United States shall be composed of two Senators from each State, chosen by the Legislature thereof, for six Years; and each Senator shall have one Vote . </P> <P> The first Clause of Section Three provides that each state is entitled to have two Senators, who would be elected by its state legislature (now by the people of each state), serve for staggered six - year terms, and have one vote each . By these provisions, the framers of the Constitution intended to protect the interests of the states as states . This clause has been superseded by the Seventeenth Amendment, ratified in 1913, which, in part, provides as amended, that </P>

Types of powers denied to congress according to the constitution