<P> De Stijl (/ də ˈstaɪl /; Dutch pronunciation: (də ˈstɛil)), Dutch for "The Style", also known as neoplasticism, was a Dutch artistic movement founded in 1917 in Leiden . The De Stijl consisted of artists and architects . In a narrower sense, the term De Stijl is used to refer to a body of work from 1917 to 1931 founded in the Netherlands . Proponents of De Stijl advocated pure abstraction and universality by a reduction to the essentials of form and colour; they simplified visual compositions to vertical and horizontal, using only black, white and primary colors . </P> <P> De Stijl is also the name of a journal that was published by the Dutch painter, designer, writer, and critic Theo van Doesburg (1883--1931) that served to propagate the group's theories . Next to van Doesburg, the group's principal members were the painters Piet Mondrian (1872--1944), Vilmos Huszár (1884--1960), and Bart van der Leck (1876--1958), and the architects Gerrit Rietveld (1888--1964), Robert van' t Hoff (1887--1979), and J. J. P. Oud (1890--1963). The artistic philosophy that formed a basis for the group's work is known as neoplasticism--the new plastic art (or Nieuwe Beelding in Dutch). </P> <P> Mondrian sets forth the delimitations of neoplasticism in his essay "Neo-Plasticism in Pictorial Art". He writes, "this new plastic idea will ignore the particulars of appearance, that is to say, natural form and colour . On the contrary, it should find its expression in the abstraction of form and colour, that is to say, in the straight line and the clearly defined primary colour". With these constraints, his art allows only primary colours and non-colours, only squares and rectangles, only straight and horizontal or vertical lines . The De Stijl movement posited the fundamental principle of the geometry of the straight line, the square, and the rectangle, combined with a strong asymmetricality; the predominant use of pure primary colors with black and white; and the relationship between positive and negative elements in an arrangement of non-objective forms and lines . </P>

Dutch painter of the abstract art movement de stijl