<P> In biological taxonomy, a domain (Latin: regio), also superkingdom or empire, is the highest taxonomic rank of organisms in the three - domain system of taxonomy designed by Carl Woese, an American microbiologist and biophysicist . According to the Woese system, introduced in 1990, the tree of life consists of three domains: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya . The first two are all prokaryotic microorganisms, or single - celled organisms whose cells have no nucleus . All life that has a nucleus and membrane - bound organelles, and multicellular organisms, is included in the Eukarya . </P> <P> The term "domain" was proposed by Woese et al. (1990) in his three - domain system . This term represents a synonym for the category of dominion (Lat . dominium), introduced by Moore in 1974 . However, only Stefan Luketa uses the term "dominion". He created two additional domains ("dominions") for Prions and Viruses . </P> <P> Each of these three domains contains unique rRNA . This forms the basis of the three - domain system . While the presence of a nuclear membrane differentiates the Eukarya from the Archaea and Bacteria, both of which lack a nuclear membrane, distinct biochemical and RNA markers differentiate the Archaea and Bacteria from each other . </P> <P> Archaea are prokaryotic cells, typically characterized by membrane lipids that are branched hydrocarbon chains attached to glycerol by ether linkages . The presence of these other linkages in Archaea adds to their ability to withstand extreme temperatures and highly acidic conditions, but many archea live in mild environments . Halophiles, organisms that thrive in highly salty environments, and hyperthermophiles, organisms that thrive in extremely hot environments, are examples of Archaea . </P>

What do the major domains of life have in common
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