<Dd> CO e calculation examples: <Ul> <Li> The radiative forcing for pure CO is approximated by R F = α ln ⁡ (C / C 0) (\ displaystyle RF = \ alpha \ ln (C / C_ (0))) where C is the present concentration, α (\ displaystyle \ alpha) is a constant, 5.35, and C 0 (\ displaystyle C_ (0)) is the pre-industrial concentration, 280 ppm . Hence the value of CO e for an arbitrary gas mixture with a known radiative forcing is given by C 0 exp ⁡ (R F / α) (\ displaystyle C_ (0) \ exp (RF / \ alpha)) in ppmv . </Li> <Li> To calculate the radiative forcing for a 1998 gas mixture, IPCC 2001 gives the radiative forcing (relative to 1750) of various gases as: CO = 1.46 (corresponding to a concentration of 365 ppmv), CH = 0.48, N O = 0.15 and other minor gases = 0.01 W / m2 . The sum of these is 2.10 W / m2 . Inserting this to the above formula, we obtain CO e = 412 ppmv . </Li> <Li> To calculate the CO e of the additional radiative forcing calculated from April 2016's updated data: ∑ RF (GHGs) = 3.3793, thus CO e = 280 e ppmv = 526.6 ppmv . </Li> </Ul> </Dd> <Ul> <Li> The radiative forcing for pure CO is approximated by R F = α ln ⁡ (C / C 0) (\ displaystyle RF = \ alpha \ ln (C / C_ (0))) where C is the present concentration, α (\ displaystyle \ alpha) is a constant, 5.35, and C 0 (\ displaystyle C_ (0)) is the pre-industrial concentration, 280 ppm . Hence the value of CO e for an arbitrary gas mixture with a known radiative forcing is given by C 0 exp ⁡ (R F / α) (\ displaystyle C_ (0) \ exp (RF / \ alpha)) in ppmv . </Li> <Li> To calculate the radiative forcing for a 1998 gas mixture, IPCC 2001 gives the radiative forcing (relative to 1750) of various gases as: CO = 1.46 (corresponding to a concentration of 365 ppmv), CH = 0.48, N O = 0.15 and other minor gases = 0.01 W / m2 . The sum of these is 2.10 W / m2 . Inserting this to the above formula, we obtain CO e = 412 ppmv . </Li> <Li> To calculate the CO e of the additional radiative forcing calculated from April 2016's updated data: ∑ RF (GHGs) = 3.3793, thus CO e = 280 e ppmv = 526.6 ppmv . </Li> </Ul> <Li> The radiative forcing for pure CO is approximated by R F = α ln ⁡ (C / C 0) (\ displaystyle RF = \ alpha \ ln (C / C_ (0))) where C is the present concentration, α (\ displaystyle \ alpha) is a constant, 5.35, and C 0 (\ displaystyle C_ (0)) is the pre-industrial concentration, 280 ppm . Hence the value of CO e for an arbitrary gas mixture with a known radiative forcing is given by C 0 exp ⁡ (R F / α) (\ displaystyle C_ (0) \ exp (RF / \ alpha)) in ppmv . </Li> <Li> To calculate the radiative forcing for a 1998 gas mixture, IPCC 2001 gives the radiative forcing (relative to 1750) of various gases as: CO = 1.46 (corresponding to a concentration of 365 ppmv), CH = 0.48, N O = 0.15 and other minor gases = 0.01 W / m2 . The sum of these is 2.10 W / m2 . Inserting this to the above formula, we obtain CO e = 412 ppmv . </Li>

What is a tonne of co2 equivalent to