<P> The hierarchical nature of bureaucracies allows employees to demonstrate achieved social status . When an office holder is elected instead of appointed, that person is no longer a purely bureaucratic figure . He derives his power' from below' instead of' from above' . When a high - ranking officer selects officials, they are more likely to be chosen for reasons related to the benefit of the superior than the competency of the new hire . When high - skilled employees are necessary for the bureaucracy and public opinion shapes decision - making, competent officers are more likely to be selected . </P> <P> According to Weber, if' tenure for life' is legally guaranteed, an office becomes perceived as less prestigious than a position that can be replaced at any time . If' tenure for life' or a' right to the office' develops, there is a decrease in career opportunities for ambitious new hires and overall technical efficiency becomes less guaranteed </P> <P> In a bureaucracy, salaries are provided to officials . The amount is determined on the basis of rank and helps to signify the desirability of a position . Bureaucratic positions also exist as part of stable career tracks that reward office - holders for seniority . </P> <P> Weber argues that the development of a' money economy' is the "normal precondition for the unchanged survival, if not the establishment, of pure bureaucratic administrations". Since bureaucracy requires sustained revenues from taxation or private profits in order to be maintained, a money economy is the most rational way to ensure its continued existence . </P>

Other theorist who contributed to the evolution of management