<Li> Sancte Iohannes . </Li> <P> Guido used the first syllable of each line, Ut, Re, Mi, Fa, Sol, La, and Si, to read notated music in terms of hexachords; they were not note names, and each could, depending on context, be applied to any note . In the 17th century, Ut was changed in most countries except France to the easily singable, "open" syllable Do, said to have been taken from the name of the Italian theorist Giovanni Battista Doni, but rather Do have been taken from the word "Dominus" in Latin with the meaning "the Lord" </P> <P> Catholic monks developed the first forms of modern Western musical notation in order to standardize liturgy throughout the worldwide Church, and an enormous body of religious music has been composed for it through the ages . This led directly to the emergence and development of European classical music, and its many derivatives . The Baroque style, which encompassed music, art, and architecture, was particularly encouraged by the post-Reformation Catholic Church as such forms offered a means of religious expression that was stirring and emotional, intended to stimulate religious fervor . Modern music notation is now used by musicians of many different genres throughout the world . The staff acts as a framework upon which pitches are indicated by placing round notes on the staff lines or between the lines . The pitch of the round musical notes can be modified by accidentals . The duration (note length) is shown with different note values, which can be indicated by the note being just a circle (a whole note) or using stems to indicate quarter notes and other subdivisions, and additional symbols such as dots and ties which lengthen the duration of a note . Notation is read from left to right, which makes setting music for right - to - left scripts difficult . </P> <P> A staff (or stave, in British English) of written music generally begins with a clef, which indicates the position of one particular note on the staff . The treble clef or G clef was originally a letter G and it identifies the second line up on the five line staff as the note G above middle C. The bass clef or F clef shows the position of the note F below middle C. While the treble and bass clef are the most widely used clefs, other clefs are used, such as the alto clef (used for viola music) and the tenor clef (used for some cello and double bass music). Notes representing a pitch outside of the scope of the five line staff can be represented using ledger lines, which provide a single note with additional lines and spaces . Some instruments use mainly one clef, such as violin and flute, which use treble clef and double bass and tuba, which use bass clef . Some instruments regularly use both clefs, such as piano and pipe organ . </P>

In writing music pitches are notated vertically on the lines or between the lines of a