<P> After 1965, there was a large surge of new immigration, especially from Asia . They set up few major papers . By the 21st century, over 10 percent of the population was Hispanic . They patronized Spanish - language radio and television, but outside large cities it was hard to find Spanish newspapers, books or magazines for sale . </P> <P> E.W. Scripps founder of the first national newspaper chain in the United States, sought in the early years of the 20th century to create syndicated services based on product differentiation while appealing to the needs of his readers . Success, Scripps believed, depended on providing what competing newspapers did not . To achieve this end while controlling costs and centralizing management, Scripps developed a national wire service (United Press), a news features service (Newspaper Enterprise Association), and other services . Scripps successfully reached a large market at low costs in new and different ways and captured the interests of a wider range of readers, especially women who were more interested in features than in political news . However, the local editors lost a degree of autonomy and local news coverage diminished significantly . </P> <P> In part to aid in his political ambitions, Hearst opened newspapers in other cities, among them Chicago, Los Angeles and Boston . By the mid-1920s he had a nationwide string of 28 newspapers, among them the Los Angeles Examiner, the Boston American, the Chicago Examiner, the Detroit Times, the Seattle Post-Intelligencer and the Washington Times and Washington Herald and his flagship the San Francisco Examiner . In 1924 he opened the New York Daily Mirror, a racy tabloid frankly imitating the New York Daily News . Among his other holdings were the magazines Cosmopolitan, and Harper's Bazaar; two news services, Universal News and International News Service; King Features Syndicate; and a film company, Cosmopolitan Productions, as well as real estate . Hearst used his influence to help Franklin D. Roosevelt win the 1932 Democratic nomination . However he broke with Roosevelt in 1935 because Roosevelt did not want to fund the veterans' bonus . After that the Hearst chain became the bitter enemy of the New Deal from the right . The other major chains likewise were hostile, and in 1936 Roosevelt had the support of only 10% of the nation's newspapers (by circulation). </P> <P> A 2015 report from the Brookings Institution shows that the number of newspapers per hundred million population fell from 1,200 (in 1945) to 400 in 2014 . Over that same period, circulation per capita declined from 35 percent in the mid-1940s to under 15 percent . The number of newspaper journalists has decreased from 43,000 in 1978 to 33,000 in 2015 . Other traditional news media have also suffered . Since 1980 the television networks have lost half their audience for evening newscasts; the audience for radio news has shrunk by 40% . </P>

Who called the newspapers the bible of democracy