<P> Glasgow became one of the first cities in Europe to reach a population of one million . The city's new trades and sciences attracted new residents from across the Lowlands and the Highlands of Scotland, from Ireland and other parts of Britain and from Continental Europe . </P> <P> During this period, the construction of many of the city's greatest architectural masterpieces and most ambitious civil engineering projects, such as the Milngavie water treatment works, Glasgow Subway, Glasgow Corporation Tramways, City Chambers, Mitchell Library and Kelvingrove Art Gallery and Museum were being funded by its wealth . The city also held a series of International Exhibitions at Kelvingrove Park, in 1888, 1901 and 1911, with Britain's last major International Exhibition, the Empire Exhibition, being subsequently held in 1938 at Bellahouston Park, which drew 13 million visitors . </P> <P> The 20th century witnessed both decline and renewal in the city . After World War I, the city suffered from the impact of the Post--World War I recession and from the later Great Depression, this also led to a rise of radical socialism and the "Red Clydeside" movement . The city had recovered by the outbreak of World War II and grew through the post-war boom that lasted through the 1950s . By the 1960s, growth of industry in countries like Japan and West Germany, weakened the once pre-eminent position of many of the city's industries . </P> <P> As a result of this, Glasgow entered a lengthy period of relative economic decline and rapid de-industrialisation, leading to high unemployment, urban decay, population decline, welfare dependency and poor health for the city's inhabitants . There were active attempts at regeneration of the city, when the Glasgow Corporation published its controversial Bruce Report, which set out a comprehensive series of initiatives aimed at turning round the decline of the city . The report led to a huge and radical programme of rebuilding and regeneration efforts that started in the mid-1950s and lasted into the late 1970s . This involved the mass demolition of the city's infamous slums and their replacement with large suburban housing estates and tower blocks . </P>

Known as the green city the capital of