<Li> the 2007 finding that non-diabetic family members of type 1 diabetics had increased risk for microvascular complications, </Li> <Li> such as diabetic retinopathy </Li> <P> Chronic elevation of blood glucose level leads to damage of blood vessels called angiopathy . The endothelial cells lining the blood vessels take in more glucose than normal, since they do not depend on insulin . They then form more surface glycoproteins than normal, and cause the basement membrane to grow thicker and weaker . The resulting problems are grouped under "microvascular disease" due to damage to small blood vessels and "macrovascular disease" due to damage to the arteries . </P> <P> Studies show that DM1 and DM2 cause a change in balancing of metabolites such as carbohydrates, blood coagulation factors, and lipids. and subsequently bring about complications like microvascular and cardiovascular complications . </P>

Which statements about the etiology and genetic risk for diabetes mellitus are correct