<P> Cornwall's population was 537,400 at the last census, with a population density of 144 people per square kilometre, ranking it 40th and 41st respectively among the 47 counties of England . Cornwall's population was 95.7% White British and has a relatively high rate of population growth . At 11.2% in the 1980s and 5.3% in the 1990s, it had the fifth - highest population growth rate of the counties of England . The natural change has been a small population decline, and the population increase is due to inward migration into Cornwall . According to the 1991 census, the population was 469,800 . </P> <P> Cornwall has a relatively high retired population, with 22.9% of pensionable age, compared with 20.3% for the United Kingdom as a whole . This may be due partly to Cornwall's rural and coastal geography increasing its popularity as a retirement location, and partly to outward migration of younger residents to more economically diverse areas . </P> <P> Cornwall has a comprehensive education system, with 31 state and eight independent secondary schools . There are three further education colleges: Truro and Penwith College, Cornwall College and Callywith College which opened in September 2017 . The Isles of Scilly only has one school, while the former Restormel district has the highest school population, and school year sizes are around 200, with none above 270 . Before the introduction of comprehensive schools there were a number of grammar schools and secondary modern schools, e.g. the schools that later became Sir James Smith's School and Wadebridge School . There are also primary schools in many villages and towns: e.g. St Mabyn Church of England Primary School . </P> <P> Higher education is provided by Falmouth University, the University of Exeter (including Camborne School of Mines), the Combined Universities in Cornwall, Truro College and Penwith College (which combined in 2008 to make Truro and Penwith College) and Cornwall College . </P>

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