<P> On April 4, 1609, Henry Hudson, in the employ of the Dutch East India Company, departed Amsterdam in command of the ship Halve Maen (Half Moon). On September 3 he reached the estuary of the Hudson River . He sailed up the Hudson River to about Albany near the confluence of the Mohawk River and the Hudson . His voyage was used to establish Dutch claims to the region and to the fur trade that prospered there after a trading post was established at Albany in 1614 . </P> <P> In 1614, the Dutch under the command of Hendrick Christiaensen, built Fort Nassau (now Albany) the first Dutch settlement in North America and the first European settlement in what would become New York . It was replaced by nearby Fort Orange (New Netherland) in 1623 . </P> <P> The British conquered New Netherland in 1664; Lenient terms of surrender most likely kept local resistance to a minimum . The colony and city were both renamed New York (and "Beverwijck" was renamed Albany) after its new proprietor, James II later King of England, Ireland and Scotland, who was at the time Duke of York and Duke of Albany The population of New Netherland at the time of English takeover was 7,000--8,000 . </P> <P> Thousands of poor German farmers, chiefly from the Palatine region of Germany, migrated to upstate districts after 1700 . They kept to themselves, married their own, spoke German, attended Lutheran churches, and retained their own customs and foods . They emphasized farm ownership . Some mastered English to become conversant with local legal and business opportunities . They ignored the Indians and tolerated slavery (although few were rich enough to own a slave). </P>

How did new york become an english colony
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