<P> It contains the following famous passage concerning salvation and justification: </P> <P> What good is it, my brothers, if someone says he has faith but does not have works? Can that faith save him? If a brother or sister is poorly clothed and lacking in daily food, and one of you says to them, "Go in peace, be warmed and filled," without giving them the things needed for the body, what good is that? So also faith by itself, if it does not have works, is dead . </P> <P> But someone will say, "You have faith and I have works ." Show me your faith apart from your works, and I will show you my faith by my works . You believe that God is one; you do well . Even the demons believe--and shudder! Do you want to be shown, you foolish person, that faith apart from works is useless? Was not Abraham our father justified by works when he offered up his son Isaac on the altar? You see that faith was active along with his works, and faith was completed by his works; and the Scripture was fulfilled that says, "Abraham believed God, and it was counted to him as righteousness"--and he was called a friend of God . You see that a person is justified by works and not by faith alone . And in the same way was not also Rahab the prostitute justified by works when she received the messengers and sent them out by another way? For as the body apart from the spirit is dead, so also faith apart from works is dead . </P> <P> That passage has been cited in Christian theological debates, especially regarding the doctrine of justification . Gaius Marius Victorinus (4th century) associated James's teaching on works with the heretical Symmachian sect, followers of Symmachus the Ebionite, and openly questioned whether James' teachings were heretical . This passage has also been contrasted with the teachings of Paul the Apostle on justification . Some scholars even believe that the passage is a response to Paul . One issue in the debate is the meaning of the Greek word δικαιόω (dikaiόō)' render righteous or such as he ought to be', with some among the participants taking the view that James is responding to a misunderstanding of Paul . </P>

Date of writing of the book of james