<P> In the contemporary world economy India is the second - largest exporter of IT . Exports dominate the Indian IT industry and constitute about 77% of the industry's total revenue . However, the domestic market is also significant, with robust revenue growth . The industry's share of total Indian exports (merchandise plus services) increased from less than 4% in FY1998 to about 25% in FY2012 . The technologically - inclined services sector in India accounts for 40% of the country's GDP and 30% of export earnings as of 2006, while employing only 25% of its workforce, according to Sharma (2006). According to Gartner, the "Top Five Indian IT Services Providers" are Tata Consultancy Services, Infosys, Cognizant, Wipro, and HCL Technologies . </P> <P> The Indian IT market currently focuses on providing low - cost solutions in the services business of global IT . The presence of Indian companies in the product development business of global IT is very meager, however, this number is slowly on the rise . The other prominent trend is that IT jobs, once confined to Bangalore, are slowly starting to experience a geographical diffusion into other cities like Chennai, Hyderabad and Pune . According to Google estimates, the Indian community of developers will be the largest in the world by 2018 . </P> <P> Research in the industry was earlier concentrated in Programming languages like Java, but in the recent times the research focus has changed towards technologies like Mobile computing, Cloud computing and Software as a Service . This shift is attributed to the preference of clients for ubiquitous computing over standalone computing . </P> <P> Sharma (2006) states: "Today, Bangalore is known as the Silicon Platuea of India and contributes 38% of Indian IT Exports . India's second and third largest software companies are headquartered in Bangalore, as are many of the global Companies . Cities like Hyderabad, Chennai, Pune and Gurgaon are also emerging as technology hubs, with many global IT companies establishing headquarters there . Numerous IT companies are also based in Mumbai . </P>

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