<Li> Spain: Charles IV (1788--1808), Ferdinand VII (1808, 1813--1833), Joseph I (1808--1813) </Li> <Li> Sweden: Gustav IV Adolf (1792--1809), Charles XIII (1809--1818) </Li> <Li> United States: Presidents John Adams (1797--1801), Thomas Jefferson (1801--1809), James Madison (1809--1817) </Li> <Li> Württemberg: Frederick I (1797--1816) </Li>

How did the french revolution lead to the napoleonic era