<P> From the 1930s to 1940s, the books came under the scrutiny of psychoanalytic literary critics . Freudians believed that the events in Alice's Adventures in Wonderland reflected the personality and desires of the author, because the stories which it was based on had been told spontaneously . In 1933, Anthony Goldschmidt introduced "the modern idea of Carroll as a repressed sexual deviant", theorizing that Alice served as Carroll's representation in the novel; Goldschmidt's influential work, however, may have been meant as a hoax . Regardless, Freudian analysis found in the books symbols of "classic Freudian tropes": "a vaginal rabbit hole and a phallic Alice, an amniotic pool of tears, hysterical mother figures and impotent father figures, threats of decapitation (castration), swift identity changes". </P> <P> Described as "the single greatest rival of Tenniel," Walt Disney created an influential representation of Alice in his 1951 film adaption, which helped to mold the image of Alice within pop culture . Although Alice had previously been depicted as a blonde in a blue dress in an unauthorized American edition of the two Alice books published by Thomas Crowell (1893), possibly for the first time, Disney's portrayal has been the most influential in solidifying the popular image of Alice as such . Disney's version of Alice has its visual basis in Mary Blair's concept drawings and Tenniel's illustrations . While the film was not successful during its original run, it later became popular with college students, who interpreted the film as a drug - drenched narrative . In 1974, Alice in Wonderland was re-released in the United States, with advertisements playing off this association . The drug association persists as an "unofficial" interpretation, despite the film's status as family - friendly entertainment . </P> <P> In the twenty - first century, Alice's continuing appeal has been attributed to her ability to be continuously re-imagined . In Men in Wonderland, Catherine Robson writes that, "In all her different and associated forms--underground and through the looking glass, textual and visual, drawn and photographed, as Carroll's brunette or Tenniel's blonde or Disney's prim miss, as the real Alice Liddell (...) Alice is the ultimate cultural icon, available for any and every form of manipulation, and as ubiquitous today as in the era of her first appearance ." Robert Douglass - Fairhurst compares Alice's cultural status to "something more like a modern myth," suggesting her ability to act as an empty canvas for "abstract hopes and fears" allows for further "meanings" to be ascribed to the character . Zoe Jacques and Eugene Giddens suggest that the character occupies a status within pop culture where "Alice in a blue dress is as ubiquitous as Hamlet holding a skull," which creates "the strange position whereby the public' knows' Alice without having read either Wonderland or Looking - Glass ." They argue that this allows for creative freedom in subsequent adaptations, in that faithfulness to the texts can be overlooked . </P> <P> In Japan, Alice has a significant influence on pop culture . Tenniel's artwork and Disney's film adaptation have been credited as factors in the continuing favorable reception of the two novels . Within youth culture in Japan, she has been adopted as "a rebellion figure in much the same way as the American and British 1960s' hippies' did ." She has also been a source of inspiration for Japanese fashion, in particular Lolita fashion . Her popularity has been attributed to the idea that she performs the shōjo ideal, a Japanese understanding of girlhood that is "sweet and innocent on the outside, and considerably autonomous on the inside ." </P>

Does alice in wonderland have a last name