<P> Patel et al., using a representative survey sample based statistical study from 2001 and 2003, extrapolated likely suicide patterns in 2010 for India . They claim suicide deaths in India among unemployed individuals and individuals in professions other than agricultural work were, collectively, about three times more frequent than they were in agricultural labourers and landowning cultivators . Even across professions in rural areas, Patel et al. find suicide among agricultural workers (including farmers) in India is not more frequent than any other profession . </P> <P> The suicide incidence rate in India, on 100,000 farmers basis, is unclear . All estimates are speculative, because actual total number of farmers by state or India in each year are not available . Farm suicides per 100,000 farmers can be reliably calculated for 2001, because accurate data on number of farmers in the country and states is available for 2001 from the Census of India . The farm suicide rate was 12.9 suicides per 100,000 farmers, which was higher than the general suicide rate at 10.6 for 2001 in India . By gender, the suicide rate was 16.2 male farmer suicides per 100,000 male farmers compared to 12.5 male suicides per 100,000 for general population . Among women, the suicide rate was 6.2 female farmer suicides per 100,000 female farmers compared to 8.5 female suicides per 100,000 for general population . </P> <P> Annual farmers' suicide incidence rate data on 100,000 farmers basis, depend on estimated total number of farmers for that year . Estimates for total number of farmers in India vary widely . Some count the total number of cultivators, some include cultivators and agricultural laborers in their definition of total farmers, while others include anyone engaged in any form of farming and agriculture activity . Estimates for total number of farmers in India, for 2011, accordingly range from 95.8 million (8%) to 263 million (22%) to 450 million (38%), out of a total population of over 1.2 billion . Others estimate the total number of farmers in India to be about 600 million (50% of total population). With about 14,000 suicides in 2011 by those engaged in farming and agricultural activities, the different estimates of total farmers has led to different suicide incidence rate estimates on per 100,000 farmers basis . Additionally, the reliability of official statistics has been questioned . K. Nagaraj suggests that official data may be overestimating the number of total farmers in India, and undercounting the total number of farmer suicides every year . Tom Brass, in contrast, suggests that official census and surveys in India systematically underestimate the total number of people engaged in agriculture in India . </P> <P> The government appointed a number of inquiries to look into the causes of farmers suicide and farm related distress in general . Krishak Ayog (National Farmer Commission) visited all suicide prone farming regions of India, then in 2006 published three reports with its recommendations . Subsequently, former Prime Minister Manmohan Singh visited Vidarbha in 2006 and promised a package of ₹ 110 billion (about $2.4 billion). The families of farmers who had committed suicide were also offered an ex gratia grant of ₹ 100,000 (US $1,400) by the government, though this amount was changed several times . </P>

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