<P> Founded 128 years ago as Birkdale Golf Club in 1889, the club was awarded "Royal" status in 1951 . Birkdale Golf Club moved to a new site in Birkdale Hills in 1894, and built a new distinctive art deco clubhouse in 1935 . In early 1939, Birkdale was nominated as the venue for the 1940 Open Championship but the Second World War started in September 1939 and the Championship was cancelled . </P> <P> In 1946, the club finally hosted its first big championship in the Amateur Championship, won by Irishman Jimmy Bruen . During the immediate postwar era, the club also hosted the 1948 Curtis Cup and the 1951 Walker Cup, both won by the United States . With these successful stagings of important events, Royal Birkdale was felt to be ready for its first Open Championship in 1954 and has continued on the Open rota ever since . </P> <P> Three generations of the Hawtree family of golf course architects have worked on the course . Frederick G. Hawtree and champion golfer J.H. Taylor are the two people most responsible for the current routing, following the valleys between the very large dunes which dominate the property . The arrangement makes for excellent spectator conditions during major events . Frederick W. Hawtree, the son of Frederick G, performed some modifications in the 1960s and in 1993 Martin Hawtree, son of Frederick W., improved and modernised the layout further, with all 18 of the club's greens being completely rebuilt, to improve turf and drainage following the 1991 Open Championship . Only relatively minor tweaking, such as the addition of a few new bunkers and back tees, has been deemed necessary in advance of the last two Open Championships . The course was ranked as the 18th best in the world outside the United States, in the 2007 rankings by Golf Digest magazine . </P> <P> During the 1960s, the club hosted the Ryder Cup twice, in 1965 and in 1969 . The United States won in 1965 by the score of 191⁄2--121⁄2, but in 1969 the competition ended in a 16--16 tie when Jack Nicklaus generously conceded a short putt to Tony Jacklin to halve their match, which later became known as "The Concession ." As defending champions in a tie, the U.S. retained the trophy; they kept it for another sixteen years, until 1985 . </P>

Who has won the british open at royal birkdale