<P> As the movement for independence almost reached its conclusion, the city suffered widespread outbreaks of communal violence between the majority Muslims and the minority Hindus, who were often targeted by the incoming Muslim refugees . In response to the perceived threat of Hindu domination, self - preservation of identity, language and culture in combination with Sindhi Muslim resentment towards wealthy Sindhi Hindus, the province of Sindh became the first province of British India to pass the Pakistan Resolution, in favour of the creation of the Pakistani state . The predominantly Muslim population supported Muslim League and Pakistan Movement . After the independence of Pakistan in 1947, the minority Hindus and Sikhs migrated to India and this led to the decline of Karachi, as Hindus controlled the business in Karachi, while the Muslim refugees from India settled down in Karachi . While many poor low caste Hindus, Christians, and wealthy Zoroastrians (Parsees) remained in the city, Karachi's Sindhi Hindu migrated to India and was replaced by Muslim refugees who, in turn, had been uprooted from regions belonging to India . </P> <P> Pan Am Flight 121, crewed by Gene Roddenberry, departed Karachi on June 18, 1947 at 3: 37 pm on a flight to Istanbul, to crash the next morning in the Syrian Desert . </P> <P> Karachi was chosen as the capital city of Pakistan . After the independence of Pakistan, the city population increased dramatically when hundreds of thousands of Muslim Muhajirs from India fleeing from anti-Muslim pogroms and from other parts of South Asia came to settle in Karachi . As a consequence, the demographics of the city also changed drastically . The Government of Pakistan through Public Works Department bought land to settle the Muslim refugees . However, it still maintained a great cultural diversity as its new inhabitants arrived from the different parts of the South Asia . In 1959, the capital of Pakistan was shifted from Karachi to Islamabad and Karachi became the capital of Sindh . </P> <P> During the 1960s, Karachi was seen as an economic role model around the world . Many countries sought to emulate Pakistan's economic planning strategy and one of them, South Korea, copied the city's second "Five - Year Plan" and World Financial Centre in Seoul is designed and modeled after Karachi . </P>

When did karachi become the capital of pakistan
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