<P> Environmental governance is a concept in political ecology and environmental policy that advocates sustainability (sustainable development) as the supreme consideration for managing all human activities--political, social and economic . Governance includes government, business and civil society, and emphasizes whole system management . To capture this diverse range of elements, environmental governance often employs alternative systems of governance, for example watershed - based management . </P> <P> It views natural resources and the environment as global public goods, belonging to the category of goods that are not diminished when they are shared . This means that everyone benefits from for example, a breathable atmosphere, stable climate and stable biodiversity . </P> <P> Public goods are non-rivalrous--a natural resource enjoyed by one person can still be enjoyed by others--and non-excludable--it is impossible to prevent someone consuming the good (breathing). Nevertheless, public goods are recognized as beneficial and therefore have value . The notion of a global public good thus emerges, with a slight distinction: it covers necessities that must not be destroyed by one person or state . </P> <P> The non-rivalrous character of such goods calls for a management approach that restricts public and private actors from damaging them . One approach is to attribute an economic value to the resource . Water is possibly the best example of this type of good . </P>

Most environmental law policy and management plans in the united states are based on
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