<Tr> <Td> James Monroe </Td> <Td> Continental Army </Td> <Td> Major </Td> <Td> American Revolutionary War; depicted holding the American flag behind General George Washington in the famous painting Washington Crossing the Delaware; wounded at the Battle of Trenton, depicted in the painting The Capture of the Hessians at Trenton, December 26, 1776 by John Trumbull . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> James Madison </Td> <Td> Virginia militia </Td> <Td> Colonel </Td> <Td> American Revolutionary War, did not see action . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Thomas Jefferson </Td> <Td> Virginia militia </Td> <Td> Colonel </Td> <Td> Commander of Albemarle County Militia at start of American Revolution, did not see action . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> John Adams </Td> <Td> None </Td> <Td> None </Td> <Td> Adams served as chairman of the Continental Congress's Board of War (1776--77), making him the simultaneous equivalent of today's Secretary of Defense and Chairman of Senate Armed Services Committee; was a semi-participant in a naval engagement between a British and US ship during the American Revolution . </Td> </Tr>

Which of these men was the last civil war veteran to serve as president of the united states