<Tr> <Td> Germany </Td> <Td> 2.4 </Td> <Td> 6.0 </Td> <Td> 6.0 </Td> <Td> 8.5 </Td> <Td> 13.5 </Td> <Td> 17.0 </Td> <Td> 53.4 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Japan </Td> <Td> 0.4 </Td> <Td> 1.0 </Td> <Td> 2.0 </Td> <Td> 3.0 </Td> <Td> 4.5 </Td> <Td> 6.0 </Td> <Td> 16.9 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Axis Total </Td> <Td> 2.8 </Td> <Td> 7.0 </Td> <Td> 8.0 </Td> <Td> 11.5 </Td> <Td> 18.0 </Td> <Td> 23.0 </Td> <Td> 70.3 </Td> </Tr> <P> Source: Goldsmith data in Harrison (1988) p. 172 </P>

Which country replaced england as the industrial leader of europe after 1870