<Table> <Tr> <Td_colspan="3"> Ottoman Empire </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan="3"> دولت عليه عثمانیه ‎ Devlet - i ʿAlīye - i ʿOsmānīye The Exalted Ottoman State </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan="3"> <Table> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> c. 1299--1922 / 1923 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan="3"> Flag (1844--1922) Coat of arms (1882 design) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan="3"> Motto دولت ابد مدت ‎ Devlet - i Ebed - müddet "The Eternal State" </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan="3"> Anthem (various) (during 1808--1922) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan="3"> The Ottoman Empire at its greatest extent in Europe, under Sultan Mehmed IV in late 17th century . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan="2"> Capital </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Söğüt </Li> <Li> (c. 1299--1335) </Li> <Li> Bursa </Li> <Li> (1335--1363) </Li> <Li> Edirne </Li> <Li> (1363--1453) </Li> <Li> Constantinople (present - day Istanbul) </Li> <Li> (1453--1922) </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan="2"> Languages </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Ottoman Turkish (official) </Li> <Li> many others </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan="2"> Religion </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Sunni Islam </Li> <Li> Madhab: Hanafi </Li> <Li> Creed: Maturidi </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan="2"> Government </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Absolute monarchy </Li> <Li> (c. 1299--1876) </Li> <Li> (1878--1908) </Li> <Li> (1920--1922) </Li> <Li> Constitutional monarchy </Li> <Li> (1876--1878) </Li> <Li> (1908--1920) </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan="2"> Sultan </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> c. 1299--1323 / 4 </Td> <Td> Osman I (first) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> 1918--1922 </Td> <Td> Mehmed VI (last) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan="2"> Caliph </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> 1512--1520 </Td> <Td> Selim I (first) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> 1922--1924 </Td> <Td> Abdülmecid II (last) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan="2"> Grand Vizier </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> 1320--1331 </Td> <Td> Alaeddin Pasha (first) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> 1920--1922 </Td> <Td> Ahmet Tevfik Pasha (last) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan="2"> Legislature </Td> <Td> General Assembly </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Upper house </Td> <Td> Senate </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Lower house </Td> <Td> Chamber of Deputies </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan="2"> History </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Founded </Td> <Td> c. 1299 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Interregnum </Td> <Td> 1402--1414 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Transformation to empire </Td> <Td> 1453 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> 1st Constitutional </Td> <Td> 1876--1878 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> 2nd Constitutional </Td> <Td> 1908--1920 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Raid on the Sublime Porte </Td> <Td> 23 January 1913 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Sultanate abolished </Td> <Td> 1 November 1922 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Republic of Turkey established </Td> <Td> 29 October 1923 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Caliphate abolished </Td> <Td> 3 March 1924 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan="3"> Area </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> 1683 </Td> <Td> 5,200,000 km (2,000,000 sq mi) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> 1914 </Td> <Td> 1,800,000 km (690,000 sq mi) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan="3"> Population </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> 1856 est . </Td> <Td> 35,350,000 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> 1906 est . </Td> <Td> 20,884,000 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> 1912 est . </Td> <Td> 24,000,000 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan="2"> Currency </Td> <Td> Akçe, Para, Sultani, Kuruş, Lira </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan="3"> <Table> <Tr> <Td> Preceded by </Td> <Td> Succeeded by </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> <Table> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Sultanate of Rum </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Adal Sultanate </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Anatolian beyliks </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Byzantine Empire </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Kingdom of Bosnia </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Second Bulgarian Empire </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Serbian Despotate </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Kingdom of Hungary </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Kingdom of Croatia </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Mamluk Sultanate </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Hafsid dynasty </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Hospitallers of Tripolitania </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Kingdom of Tlemcen </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Empire of Trebizond </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Principality of Samtskhe </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> <Td> <Table> <Tr> <Td> Turkish Prov . Gov . </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Hellenic Republic </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Caucasus Viceroyalty </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Bosnia and Herzegovina </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Revolutionary Serbia </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Albania </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Kingdom of Romania </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Principality of Bulgaria </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> OETA </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Mandatory Iraq </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Kingdom of Hejaz </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> French Algeria </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> British Cyprus </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> French Tunisia </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Italian Libya </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> </Tr> </Table> <Tr> <Td_colspan="3"> Ottoman Empire </Td> </Tr>

When was the ottoman empire founded and when did it end