<P> A fountain pen is a nib pen that, unlike its predecessor, the dip pen, contains an internal reservoir of liquid ink . The pen draws ink from the reservoir through a feed to the nib and deposits it on paper via a combination of gravity and capillary action . Filling the reservoir with ink may be achieved manually, via the use of a Pasteur pipette (eyedropper) or syringe, or via an internal filling mechanism which creates suction (for example, through a piston mechanism) to transfer ink directly through the nib into the reservoir . Some pens employ removable reservoirs in the form of pre-filled ink cartridges . </P> <P> An early historical mention of what appears to be a reservoir pen dates back to the 10th century . According to Al - Qadi al - Nu'man (d . 974) in his Kitab al - Majalis wa' l - musayarat, the Fatimid caliph Al - Mu'izz li - Din Allah demanded a pen that would not stain his hands or clothes, and was provided with a pen that held ink in a reservoir, allowing it to be held upside - down without leaking . </P> <P> There is compelling evidence that a working fountain pen was constructed and used during the Renaissance by artist and inventor Leonardo da Vinci . Leonardo's journals contain drawings with cross-sections of what appears to be a reservoir pen that works by both gravity and capillary action . Historians also took note of the fact that the handwriting in the inventor's surviving journals is of a consistent contrast throughout, rather than the characteristic fading pattern typical of a quill pen caused by expending and re-dipping . While no physical item survives, several working models were reconstructed in 2011 by artist Amerigo Bombara that have since been put on display in museums dedicated to Leonardo . </P>

Who invented the world's first fountain pen
find me the text answering this question