<P> In antiquity, the territory was part of the Land of Punt and then the Kingdom of Aksum . Nearby Zeila (now in Somalia) was the seat of the medieval Adal and Ifat Sultanates . In the late 19th century, the colony of French Somaliland was established following treaties signed by the ruling Somali and Afar sultans with the French and its railroad to Dire Dawa (and later Addis Ababa) allowed it to quickly supersede Zeila as the port for southern Ethiopia and the Ogaden . It was subsequently renamed to the French Territory of the Afars and the Issas in 1967 . A decade later, the Djiboutian people voted for independence . This officially marked the establishment of the Republic of Djibouti, named after its capital city . Djibouti joined the United Nations the same year, on 20 September 1977 . In the early 1990s, tensions over government representation led to armed conflict, which ended in a power - sharing agreement in 2000 between the ruling party and the opposition . </P> <P> Djibouti is a multi-ethnic nation with a population of over 942,333 inhabitants . Somali, Arabic and French are the country's three official languages . About 94% of residents adhere to Islam, which is the official religion and has been predominant in the region for more than a thousand years . The Somali (Issa clan) and Afar make up the two largest ethnic groups . Both speak Afroasiatic languages . </P> <P> Djibouti is strategically located near some of the world's busiest shipping lanes, controlling access to the Red Sea and Indian Ocean . It serves as a key refuelling and transshipment center, and is the principal maritime port for imports from and exports to neighboring Ethiopia . A burgeoning commercial hub, the nation is the site of various foreign military bases, including Camp Lemonnier . The Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD) regional body also has its headquarters in Djibouti City . </P> <P> Djibouti area has been inhabited since by the Neolithic . According to linguists, the first Afroasiatic - speaking populations arrived in the region during this period from the family's proposed urheimat ("original homeland") in the Nile Valley, or the Near East . Other scholars propose that the Afroasiatic family developed in situ in the Horn, with its speakers subsequently dispersing from there . </P>

Which of the following countries does not border the republic of djibouti