<P> The problems in intercultural communication usually come from problems in message transmission . In communication between people of the same culture, the person who receives the message interprets it based on values, beliefs, and expectations for behavior similar to those of the person who sent the message . When this happens, the way the message is interpreted by the receiver is likely to be fairly similar to what the speaker intended . However, when the receiver of the message is a person from a different culture, the receiver uses information from his or her culture to interpret the message . The message that the receiver interprets may be very different from what the speaker intended . </P> <P> Nonverbal communication has been shown to account for between 65% and 93% of interpreted communication . Minor variations in body language, speech rhythms, and punctuality often cause mistrust and misperception of the situation among cross-cultural parties . This is where nonverbal communication can cause problems with intercultural communication . Misunderstandings with nonverbal communication can lead to miscommunication and insults with cultural differences . For example, a handshake in one culture may be recognized as appropriate, whereas another culture may recognize it as rude or inappropriate . </P> <P> Effective communication depends on the informal understandings among the parties involved that are based on the trust developed between them . When trust exists, there is implicit understanding within communication, cultural differences may be overlooked, and problems can be dealt with more easily . The meaning of trust and how it is developed and communicated vary across societies . Similarly, some cultures have a greater propensity to be trusting than others . </P> <P> The following types of theories can be distinguished in different strands: focus on effective outcomes, on accommodation or adaption, on identity negotiation and management, on communication networks, on acculturation and adjustment . </P>

Nonverbal communication is a major barrier to intercultural communication