<P> Measurements of the strengths of these currents have been obtained from ship drift records . The Northeast Monsoon Current is westward only during the months of January through March, and is strongest in February when it reaches 50 cm s . Estimates of westward volume transport range from 7 to 14 Sverdrups . </P> <P> The Somali Current, which describes the flow along the Horn of Africa from the equator to around 9 degrees north, also shifts direction seasonally with the monsoon winds . It eventually separates from the coastline, turning to the right as it enters the Arabian Sea . The Summer Monsoon Current, located between 10 and 15 North latitude in the Arabian Sea, bends around India and Sri Lanka, and enters the Bay of Bengal . The Great Whirl is a gyre located around 10 N and 55 E, and is only present during the summer season . </P> <P> During the summer when the current flows toward the northeast, Ekman transport (to the right of the flow in the Northern Hemisphere) is offshore, transporting warmer waters deeper into the Arabian sea, and permitting upwelling of cooler waters along the coast . This sea surface temperature pattern (cooler waters west of warmer waters) reinforces the northward current through geostrophic flow . The Southwest Monsoon Current is eastward from April through November, and reaches a peak intensity of 30 cm s during the summer months . During a 1995 field campaign, the Somali current was measured to transport 37 + / - 5 Sv during mid-September . </P> <P> The rapid initiation of seasonal currents (over the time period of several weeks) can be explained theoretically in terms of linear theory with a Rossby wave response . The Monsoon Current can also be viewed in terms of local forcing processes that act in concert to create the mature, basin - wide system . The evolution of these currents have been reproduced in dynamical models of the ocean - atmosphere system . </P>

Direction of southwest monsoon in india in map