<P> This was done by over-representing the Princes, by giving every possible minority the right to separately vote for candidates belonging to their respective communities (see separate electorate), and by making the executive theoretically, but not practically, removable by the legislature . </P> <Ul> <Li> Viability of the proposed Federation . It was hoped that the gerrymandered federation, encompassing units of such hugely different sizes, sophistication and varying in forms of government from the autocratic Princely States to democratic provinces, could provide the basis for a viable state . However, this was not a realistic possibility (see e.g. The Making of India's Paper Federation, 1927 - 35 in Moore 1988). In reality, the Federation, as planned in the Act, almost certainly was not viable and would have rapidly broken down with the British left to pick up the pieces without any viable alternative . </Li> <Li> Princes Seeing and Acting in Their Own Long - Range Best Interests - That the Princes would see that their best hope for a future would lie in rapidly joining and become a united block without which no group could hope, mathematically, to wield power . However, the princes did not join, and thus exercising the veto provided by the Act prevented the Federation from coming into existence . Among the reasons for the Princes staying out were the following: <Ul> <Li> They did not have the foresight to realize that this was their only chance for a future . </Li> <Li> Congress had begun and would continue, agitating for democratic reforms within the Princely States . Since the one common concern of the 600 or so Princes was their desire to continue to rule their states without interference, this was indeed a mortal threat . It was on the cards that this would lead eventually to more democratic state regimes and the election of states' representatives in the Federal Legislature . In all likelihood, these representatives would be largely Congressmen . Had the Federation been established, the election of states' representatives in the Federal Legislature would amount to a Congress coup from the inside . Thus, contrary to their official position that the British would look favorably on the democratization of the Princely States, their plan required that the States remain autocratic . This reflects a deep contradiction on British views of India and its future . </Li> </Ul> </Li> </Ul> <Li> Viability of the proposed Federation . It was hoped that the gerrymandered federation, encompassing units of such hugely different sizes, sophistication and varying in forms of government from the autocratic Princely States to democratic provinces, could provide the basis for a viable state . However, this was not a realistic possibility (see e.g. The Making of India's Paper Federation, 1927 - 35 in Moore 1988). In reality, the Federation, as planned in the Act, almost certainly was not viable and would have rapidly broken down with the British left to pick up the pieces without any viable alternative . </Li> <Li> Princes Seeing and Acting in Their Own Long - Range Best Interests - That the Princes would see that their best hope for a future would lie in rapidly joining and become a united block without which no group could hope, mathematically, to wield power . However, the princes did not join, and thus exercising the veto provided by the Act prevented the Federation from coming into existence . Among the reasons for the Princes staying out were the following: <Ul> <Li> They did not have the foresight to realize that this was their only chance for a future . </Li> <Li> Congress had begun and would continue, agitating for democratic reforms within the Princely States . Since the one common concern of the 600 or so Princes was their desire to continue to rule their states without interference, this was indeed a mortal threat . It was on the cards that this would lead eventually to more democratic state regimes and the election of states' representatives in the Federal Legislature . In all likelihood, these representatives would be largely Congressmen . Had the Federation been established, the election of states' representatives in the Federal Legislature would amount to a Congress coup from the inside . Thus, contrary to their official position that the British would look favorably on the democratization of the Princely States, their plan required that the States remain autocratic . This reflects a deep contradiction on British views of India and its future . </Li> </Ul> </Li>

Residuary power of government of india act 1935