<P> Many Han Chinese and Khitan defected to the Mongols to fight against the Jin . Two Han Chinese leaders, Shi Tianze, Liu Heima (劉 黑馬, Liu Ni), and the Khitan Xiao Zhala (蕭 札 剌) defected and commanded the 3 Tumens in the Mongol army . Liu Heima and Shi Tianze served Ogödei Khan . Liu Heima and Shi Tianxiang led armies against Western Xia for the Mongols . There were 4 Han Tumens and 3 Khitan Tumens, with each Tumen consisting of 10,000 troops . The three Khitan Generals Shimobeidier (石 抹 孛 迭 兒), Tabuyir (塔 不已 兒) and Xiaozhacizhizizhongxi (蕭 札 刺 之子 重喜) commanded the three Khitan Tumens and the four Han Generals Zhang Rou, Yan Shi, Shi Tianze, and Liu Heima commanded the four Han tumens under Ogödei Khan . The Mongols received defections from Han Chinese and Khitans while the Jin were abandoned by their own Jurchen officers . </P> <P> Shi Tianze was a Han Chinese who lived in the Jin dynasty (1115--1234). Interethnic marriage between Han and Jurchen became common at this time . His father was Shi Bingzhi (史秉直, Shih Ping - chih). Shi Bingzhi was married to a Jurchen woman (surname Na - ho) and a Han Chinese woman (surname Chang), it is unknown which of them was Shi Tianze's mother . Shi Tianze was married to two Jurchen women, a Han Chinese woman, and a Korean woman, and his son Shi Gang was born to one of his Jurchen wives . His Jurchen wive's surnames were Mo - nien and Na - ho, his Korean wife's surname was Li, and his Han Chinese wife's surname was Shi . Shi Tianze defected to the Mongol Empire's forces upon their invasion of the Jin dynasty . His son Shi Gang married a Kerait woman, the Kerait were Mongolified Turkic people and considered as part of the "Mongol nation". Shi Tianze (Shih T'ien - tse), Zhang Rou (Chang Jou, 張 柔), and Yan Shi (Yen Shih, 嚴實) and other high ranking Chinese who served in the Jin dynasty and defected to the Mongols helped build the structure for the administration of the new state . Chagaan (Tsagaan) and Zhang Rou jointly launched an attack on the Song dynasty ordered by Töregene Khatun . </P> <P> The Yuan dynasty created a "Han Army" (漢 軍) out of defected Jin troops and army of defected Song troops called the "Newly Submitted Army" (新 附 軍). </P> <P> Möngke Khan dispatched Kublai to the Dali Kingdom in 1253 to outflank the Song . The Gao family, dominated the court, resisted and murdered Mongol envoys . The Mongols divided their forces into three . One wing rode eastward into the Sichuan basin . The second column under Uryankhadai took a difficult way into the mountains of western Sichuan . Kublai himself headed south over the grasslands, meeting up with the first column . While Uryankhadai galloping in along the lakeside from the north, Kublai took the capital city of Dali and spared the residents despite the slaying of his ambassadors . The Dali King Duan Xingzhi (段興智) himself defected to the Mongols, who used his troops to conquer the rest of Yunnan . The Mongols appointed King Duan Xingzhi as Maharajah and stationed a pacification commissioner there . After Kublai's departure, unrest broke out among the Black Jang (one of the main ethnic groups of the Dali kingdom). By 1256, Uryankhadai, the son of Subutai had completely pacified Yunnan . </P>

What city in the mongol empire was conquered 4 years after beijing was conquered