<P> The First Triumvirate is a term historians use for an informal political alliance of three prominent men between 59 and 53 BC, during the late Roman Republic: Gaius Julius Caesar, Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus (Pompey the Great), and Marcus Licinius Crassus . </P> <P> Julius Caesar was a prominent politician with the populares faction and was eventually renowned for his conquest of Gaul (58 - 50 BC). Pompey was considered the greatest military commander of his time and commanded armies in the Third Servile War (73--71 BC) in Italy and the Third Mithridatic War (73--63 BC) against the Kingdom of Pontus in West Asia . This gave him great prestige and popularity . Crassus was a property speculator, the largest landlord, and the richest man in Rome . Pompey and Crassus had extensive patronage networks . The three men formed an alliance with which they could gather sufficient popular support to counter the stranglehold the Roman Senate had over Roman politics . The Senate had thwarted some bills these men had sponsored . With this alliance they aimed to overcome the senate's resistance to these bills and to have them passed . The alliance had been kept secret until Pompey and Crassus publicly supported a land law proposed by Caesar in 58 BC . According to Goldsworthy, the alliance was "not at heart a union of those with the same political ideals and ambitions", but one where "all (were) seeking personal advantage ." The triumvirate lasted from 59 BC until Crassus' death at the Battle of Carrhae, where he was defeated during his campaign against the Parthians in 53 BC, leaving behind an increasingly fractious relationship between Caesar and Pompey as they now had no buffer . </P>

Two of the members of the first triumvirate were
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