<P> There are also cases of deep - sea creatures being abnormally small, such as the lantern shark, which fits in an adult human's palm . </P> <P> Bioluminescence is the ability of an organism to create light through chemical reactions . Creatures use bioluminescence in many ways: to light their way, attract prey, or seduce a mate . Many underwater animals are bioluminescent--from the viper fish to the various species of flashlight fish, named for their light . Some creatures, such as the angler fish, have a concentration of photophores in a small limb that protrudes from their bodies, which they use as a lure to catch curious fish . Bioluminescence can also confuse enemies . The chemical process of bioluminescence requires at least two chemicals: the light producing chemical called luciferin and the reaction causing chemical called luciferase . The luciferase catalyzes the oxidation of the luciferin causing light and resulting in an inactive oxyluciferin . Fresh luciferin must be brought in through the diet or through internal synthesis . </P> <P> Since, at such deep levels, there is little to no sunlight, photosynthesis is not a possible means of energy production, leaving some creatures with the quandary of how to produce food for themselves . For the giant tube worm, this answer comes in the form of bacteria . These bacteria are capable of chemosynthesis and live inside the giant tube worm, which lives on hydrothermal vents . These vents spew forth very large amounts of chemicals, which these bacteria can transform into energy . These bacteria can also grow free of a host and create mats of bacteria on the sea floor around hydrothermal vents, where they serve as food for other creatures . Bacteria are a key energy source in the food chain . This source of energy creates large populations in areas around hydrothermal vents, which provides scientists with an easy stop for research . Organisms can also use chemosynthesis to attract prey or to attract a mate . </P> <P> Humans have explored less than 2% of the ocean floor, and dozens of new species of deep sea creatures are discovered with every dive . The submarine DSV Alvin--owned by the US Navy and operated by the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) in Woods Hole, Massachusetts--exemplifies the type of craft used to explore deep water . This 16 ton submarine can withstand extreme pressure and is easily manoeuvrable despite its weight and size . </P>

What sea creatures live in the pacific ocean