<P> Functional psychology or functionalism refers to a psychological philosophy that considers mental life and behaviour in terms of active adaptation to the person's environment . As such, it provides the general basis for developing psychological theories not readily testable by controlled experiments or applied psychology . </P> <P> Functionalism arose in the U.S. in the late 19th century as an alternative to structuralism . While functionalism never became a formal school, it built on structuralism's concern for the anatomy of the mind and led to greater concern over the functions of the mind, and later to behaviourism . </P>

Who used the functionalist approach to develop the field of school psychology