<P> The process of peer review is organized by the journal editor and is complete when the content of the article, together with any associated images or figures, are accepted for publication . The peer review process is increasingly managed online, through the use of proprietary systems, commercial software packages, or open source and free software . A manuscript undergoes one or more rounds of review; after each round, the author (s) of the article modify their submission in line with the reviewers' comments; this process is repeated until the editor is satisfied and the work is accepted . </P> <P> The production process, controlled by a production editor or publisher, then takes an article through copy editing, typesetting, inclusion in a specific issue of a journal, and then printing and online publication . Academic copy editing seeks to ensure that an article conforms to the journal's house style, that all of the referencing and labelling is correct, and that the text is consistent and legible; often this work involves substantive editing and negotiating with the authors . Because the work of academic copy editors can overlap with that of authors' editors, editors employed by journal publishers often refer to themselves as "manuscript editors". </P> <P> In much of the 20th century, such articles were photographed for printing into proceedings and journals, and this stage was known as camera - ready copy . With modern digital submission in formats such as PDF, this photographing step is no longer necessary, though the term is still sometimes used . </P> <P> The author will review and correct proofs at one or more stages in the production process . The proof correction cycle has historically been labour - intensive as handwritten comments by authors and editors are manually transcribed by a proof reader onto a clean version of the proof . In the early 21st century, this process was streamlined by the introduction of e-annotations in Microsoft Word, Adobe Acrobat, and other programs, but it still remained a time - consuming and error - prone process . The full automation of the proof correction cycles has only become possible with the onset of online collaborative writing platforms, such as Authorea, Google Docs, and various others, where a remote service oversees the copy - editing interactions of multiple authors and exposes them as explicit, actionable historic events . </P>

What is the traditional quality control system for work published by academics