<P> From the mid-first century AD, Christianity took root in Egypt and it was originally seen as another cult that could be accepted . However, it was an uncompromising religion that sought to win converts from Egyptian Religion and Greco - Roman religion and threatened popular religious traditions . This led to the persecution of converts to Christianity, culminating in the great purges of Diocletian starting in 303, but eventually Christianity won out . In 391 the Christian Emperor Theodosius introduced legislation that banned pagan rites and closed temples . Alexandria became the scene of great anti-pagan riots with public and private religious imagery destroyed . As a consequence, Egypt's native religious culture was continually in decline . While the native population certainly continued to speak their language, the ability to read hieroglyphic writing slowly disappeared as the role of the Egyptian temple priests and priestesses diminished . The temples themselves were sometimes converted to churches or abandoned to the desert . </P> <P> In the fourth century, as the Roman Empire divided, Egypt found itself in the Eastern Empire with its capital at Constantinople . In the waning years of the Empire, Egypt fell to the Sassanid Persian army (618 - 628 AD), was recaptured by the Roman Emperor Heraclius (629 - 639 AD), and then was finally captured by Muslim Rashidun army in 639 - 640 AD, ending Roman rule . </P> <P> The pharaoh was the absolute monarch of the country and, at least in theory, wielded complete control of the land and its resources . The king was the supreme military commander and head of the government, who relied on a bureaucracy of officials to manage his affairs . In charge of the administration was his second in command, the vizier, who acted as the king's representative and coordinated land surveys, the treasury, building projects, the legal system, and the archives . At a regional level, the country was divided into as many as 42 administrative regions called nomes each governed by a nomarch, who was accountable to the vizier for his jurisdiction . The temples formed the backbone of the economy . Not only were they houses of worship, but were also responsible for collecting and storing the nation's wealth in a system of granaries and treasuries administered by overseers, who redistributed grain and goods . </P> <P> Much of the economy was centrally organized and strictly controlled . Although the ancient Egyptians did not use coinage until the Late period, they did use a type of money - barter system, with standard sacks of grain and the deben, a weight of roughly 91 grams (3 oz) of copper or silver, forming a common denominator . Workers were paid in grain; a simple laborer might earn 51⁄2 sacks (200 kg or 400 lb) of grain per month, while a foreman might earn 71⁄2 sacks (250 kg or 550 lb). Prices were fixed across the country and recorded in lists to facilitate trading; for example a shirt cost five copper deben, while a cow cost 140 deben . Grain could be traded for other goods, according to the fixed price list . During the fifth century BC coined money was introduced into Egypt from abroad . At first the coins were used as standardized pieces of precious metal rather than true money, but in the following centuries international traders came to rely on coinage . </P>

What was the source of the pharaohs wealth
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