<Li> Richard Parker's 1957 historical novel The Sword of Ganelon explores the character of Ragnar, his sons, and Viking raiding culture </Li> <Li> The 1958 film The Vikings based on Marshall's novel, in which Ragnar, played by Ernest Borgnine, is captured by King Ælla and cast into a pit of wolves; a son named Einar (sic), played by Kirk Douglas, vows revenge and conquers Northumbria with help from half - brother (and sworn enemy) Eric (played by Tony Curtis), who also had much to avenge upon King Aella </Li> <Li> Harry Harrison's 1993 alternative history novel The Hammer and the Cross depict Ragnar being shipwrecked, captured and executed, as well as his sons' revenge </Li> <Li> Various strategy video games with a historical setting, including Civilization III: Play the World, Medieval: Total War, Civilization IV: Warlords,' ' Age of Empires II: The Forgotten and Crusader Kings II </Li>

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