<P> Gondwana began to break up in the early Jurassic following the extensive and fast emplacement of the Karoo - Ferrar flood basalts c. 184 Ma . Before the Karoo plume initiated rifting between Africa and Antarctica, it separated a series of smaller continental blocks from Gondwana's southern, Proto - Pacific margin (along what is now the Transantarctic Mountains): the Antarctic Peninsula, Marie Byrd Land, Zealandia, and Thurston Island; the Falkland Islands and Ellsworth--Whitmore Mountains (in Antarctica) were rotated 90 ° in opposite directions; and South America south of the Gastre Fault (often referred to as Patagonia) was pushed westward . The history of the Africa - Antarctica break - up can be studied in great detail in the fracture zones and magnetic anomalies flanking the Southwest Indian Ridge . </P> <P> The Madagascar block and the Mascarene Plateau, stretching from the Seychelles to Réunion, were broken off India; elements of this breakup nearly coincide with the Cretaceous--Paleogene extinction event . The India--Madagascar--Seychelles separations appear to coincide with the eruption of the Deccan basalts, whose eruption site may survive as the Réunion hotspot . The Seychelles and the Maldives are now separated by the Central Indian Ridge . </P> <P> During the initial break - up in the Early Jurassic a marine transgression swept over the Horn of Africa covering Triassic planation surfaces with sandstone, limestone, shale, marls and evaporites . </P> <P> East Gondwana, comprising Antarctica, Madagascar, India, and Australia, began to separate from Africa . East Gondwana then began to break up c. 132.5 to 96 Ma when India moved northwest from Australia - Antarctica . The Indian Plate and the Australian Plate are now separated by the Capricorn Plate and its diffuse boundaries . During the opening of the Indian Ocean, the Kerguelen hotspot first formed the Kerguelen Plateau on the Antarctic Plate c. 118 to 95 Ma and then the Ninety East Ridge on the Indian Plate at c. 100 Ma . The Kerguelen Plateau and the Broken Ridge, the southern end of the Ninety East Ridge, are now separated by the Southeast Indian Ridge . </P>

Which part of india was once a part of the gondwanaland