<Li> 1859: Charles Darwin publishes On the Origin of Species . </Li> <Li> 1861: Unification of Italy after victories by Giuseppe Garibaldi . </Li> <Li> 1866: First commercially successful transatlantic telegraph cable is completed . </Li> <Li> 1860s: Russia emancipates its serfs and Karl Marx completes the first volume of Das Kapital . </Li>

Unlike most countries in continental europe during the early modern period poland-lithuania