<P> Barnard College was founded in 1888 as a woman's college affiliated with Columbia University . However, it is independently governed, while making available to its students the instruction and the facilities of Columbia University . Columbia College, the university's largest liberal - arts undergraduate school, began admitting women in 1983 after a decade of failed negotiations with Barnard for a merger along the lines of the one between Harvard College and Radcliffe and between Brown and Pembroke . Barnard has an independent faculty (subject to Columbia University tenure approval) and board of trustees . Columbia University issues its diplomas, however, and most of Barnard's classes and activities are open to all members of Columbia University, male or female, and vice versa, in a reciprocal arrangement dating from 1900 . </P> <P> In 1969 Bryn Mawr and Haverford College (then all - male) developed a system of sharing residential colleges . When Haverford became coeducational in 1980, Bryn Mawr discussed the possibility of coeducation as well but decided against it . </P> <P> As with Bryn Mawr, Mount Holyoke College, Smith College, and Wellesley College decided against adopting coeducation . Mount Holyoke engaged in a lengthy debate under the presidency of David Truman over the issue of coeducation . On 6 November 1971, "after reviewing an exhaustive study on coeducation, the board of trustees decided unanimously that Mount Holyoke should remain a women's college, and a group of faculty was charged with recommending curricular changes that would support the decision ." Smith also made a similar decision in 1971 . Two years later, Wellesley also announced that it would not adopt coeducation . </P> <P> A June 3, 2008 article in The New York Times discussed the move by women's colleges in the United States to promote their schools in the Middle East . The article noted that in doing so, the schools promote the work of graduates of women's colleges such as Hillary Clinton, Emily Dickinson, Diane Sawyer, Katharine Hepburn and Madeleine K. Albright . The Dean of Admissions of Bryn Mawr College noted, "We still prepare a disproportionate number of women scientists (...) We're really about the empowerment of women and enabling women to get a top - notch education ." The article also contrasted the difference between women's colleges in the Middle East and "the American colleges (which) for all their white - glove history and academic prominence, are liberal strongholds where students fiercely debate political action, gender identity and issues like' heteronormativity,' the marginalizing of standards that are other than heterosexual and cisgendered . Middle Eastern students who already attend these colleges tell of a transition that can be jarring ." The article further quoted a Sri Lankan student (who had attended a coeducational school in Dubai) who stated that she was "shocked by the presence of so many lesbians among the students" and the "open displays of affection". </P>

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