<P> Seat belts were invented by English engineer George Cayley in the mid-19th century, though Edward J. Claghorn of New York, was granted the first patent (U.S. Patent 312,085, on February 10, 1885 for a safety belt). Claghorn was granted United States Patent #312,085 for a Safety - Belt for tourists, painters, firemen, etc. who are being raised or lowered, described in the patent as "designed to be applied to the person, and provided with hooks and other attachments for securing the person to a fixed object ." </P> <P> In 1946, Dr. C. Hunter Shelden had opened a neurological practice at Huntington Memorial Hospital in Pasadena, California . In the early 1950s, Dr. Shelden had made a major contribution to the automotive industry with his idea of retractable seat belts . This came about greatly in part from the high number of head injuries coming through the emergency rooms . He investigated the early seat belts whose primitive designs were implicated in these injuries and deaths . His findings were published in the November 5, 1955 Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) in which he proposed not only the retractable seat belt, but also recessed steering wheels, reinforced roofs, roll bars, door locks and passive restraints such as the air bag . Subsequently, in 1959, Congress passed legislation requiring all automobiles to comply with certain safety standards . </P> <P> American car manufacturers Nash (in 1949) and Ford (in 1955) offered seat belts as options, while Swedish Saab first introduced seat belts as standard in 1958 . After the Saab GT 750 was introduced at the New York Motor Show in 1958 with safety belts fitted as standard, the practice became commonplace . </P> <P> Glenn Sheren of Mason, Michigan submitted a patent application on March 31, 1955 for an automotive seat belt and was awarded US Patent 2,855,215 in 1958 . This was a continuation of an earlier patent application that Mr. Sheren had filed on September 22, 1952 . </P>

When did seat belts first appear in cars