<P> As of February 2013, the United States is among States scheduled for examination in the 107th (11--28 March 2013) and 109th (14 October--1 November 2013) sessions of the Committee . </P> <P> There are a total of 171 parties to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights . </P> <Table> <Tr> <Th> State party </Th> <Th> Signed </Th> <Th> Ratified or acceded </Th> <Th> Entry into force </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Afghanistan </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001983 - 01 - 24 - 0000 24 January 1983 </Td> <Td> 000000001983 - 04 - 24 - 0000 24 April 1983 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Albania </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001991 - 10 - 04 - 0000 4 October 1991 </Td> <Td> 000000001992 - 01 - 04 - 0000 4 January 1992 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Algeria </Td> <Td> 000000001968 - 12 - 10 - 0000 10 December 1968 </Td> <Td> 000000001989 - 09 - 12 - 0000 12 September 1989 </Td> <Td> 000000001989 - 12 - 12 - 0000 12 December 1989 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Andorra </Td> <Td> 000000002002 - 08 - 05 - 0000 5 August 2002 </Td> <Td> 000000002006 - 09 - 22 - 0000 22 September 2006 </Td> <Td> 000000002006 - 12 - 22 - 0000 22 December 2006 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Angola </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001992 - 01 - 10 - 0000 10 January 1992 </Td> <Td> 000000001992 - 04 - 10 - 0000 10 April 1992 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Argentina </Td> <Td> 000000001968 - 02 - 18 - 0000 18 February 1968 </Td> <Td> 000000001986 - 08 - 08 - 0000 8 August 1986 </Td> <Td> 000000001986 - 11 - 08 - 0000 8 November 1986 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Armenia </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001993 - 06 - 23 - 0000 23 June 1993 </Td> <Td> 000000001993 - 09 - 23 - 0000 23 September 1993 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Australia </Td> <Td> 000000001972 - 12 - 18 - 0000 18 December 1972 </Td> <Td> 000000001980 - 08 - 13 - 0000 13 August 1980 </Td> <Td> 000000001980 - 11 - 13 - 0000 13 November 1980 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Austria </Td> <Td> 000000001973 - 12 - 10 - 0000 10 December 1973 </Td> <Td> 000000001978 - 09 - 10 - 0000 10 September 1978 </Td> <Td> 000000001978 - 12 - 10 - 0000 10 December 1978 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Azerbaijan </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001992 - 08 - 13 - 0000 13 August 1992 </Td> <Td> 000000001992 - 11 - 13 - 0000 13 November 1992 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Bahamas, The </Td> <Td> 000000002008 - 12 - 04 - 0000 4 December 2008 </Td> <Td> 000000002008 - 12 - 23 - 0000 23 December 2008 </Td> <Td> 000000002009 - 03 - 23 - 0000 23 March 2009 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Bahrain </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000002006 - 09 - 20 - 0000 20 September 2006 </Td> <Td> 000000002006 - 12 - 20 - 0000 20 December 2006 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Bangladesh </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000002000 - 09 - 06 - 0000 6 September 2000 </Td> <Td> 000000002000 - 12 - 06 - 0000 6 December 2000 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Barbados </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001973 - 01 - 05 - 0000 5 January 1973 </Td> <Td> 000000001976 - 03 - 23 - 0000 23 March 1976 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Belarus </Td> <Td> 000000001968 - 03 - 19 - 0000 19 March 1968 </Td> <Td> 000000001973 - 11 - 12 - 0000 12 November 1973 </Td> <Td> 000000001976 - 03 - 23 - 0000 23 March 1976 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Belgium </Td> <Td> 000000001968 - 12 - 10 - 0000 10 December 1968 </Td> <Td> 000000001983 - 04 - 12 - 0000 12 April 1983 </Td> <Td> 000000001983 - 07 - 12 - 0000 12 July 1983 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Belize </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001996 - 06 - 10 - 0000 10 June 1996 </Td> <Td> 000000001996 - 09 - 10 - 0000 10 September 1996 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Benin </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001992 - 03 - 12 - 0000 12 March 1992 </Td> <Td> 000000001992 - 06 - 12 - 0000 12 June 1992 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Bolivia </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001982 - 08 - 12 - 0000 12 August 1982 </Td> <Td> 000000001982 - 11 - 12 - 0000 12 November 1982 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Bosnia and Herzegovina </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001993 - 09 - 01 - 0000 1 September 1993 </Td> <Td> 000000001992 - 03 - 06 - 0000 6 March 1992 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Botswana </Td> <Td> 000000002000 - 09 - 08 - 0000 8 September 2000 </Td> <Td> 000000002000 - 09 - 08 - 0000 8 September 2000 </Td> <Td> 000000002000 - 12 - 08 - 0000 8 December 2000 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Brazil </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001992 - 01 - 24 - 0000 24 January 1992 </Td> <Td> 000000001992 - 04 - 24 - 0000 24 April 1992 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Bulgaria </Td> <Td> 000000001968 - 10 - 08 - 0000 8 October 1968 </Td> <Td> 000000001970 - 09 - 21 - 0000 21 September 1970 </Td> <Td> 000000001976 - 03 - 23 - 0000 23 March 1976 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Burkina Faso </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001999 - 01 - 04 - 0000 4 January 1999 </Td> <Td> 000000001999 - 04 - 04 - 0000 4 April 1999 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Burundi </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001990 - 05 - 08 - 0000 8 May 1990 </Td> <Td> 000000001990 - 08 - 08 - 0000 8 August 1990 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Cambodia </Td> <Td> 000000001980 - 10 - 17 - 0000 17 October 1980 </Td> <Td> 000000001992 - 05 - 26 - 0000 26 May 1992 </Td> <Td> 000000001992 - 08 - 26 - 0000 26 August 1992 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Cameroon </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001984 - 01 - 27 - 0000 27 January 1984 </Td> <Td> 000000001984 - 04 - 27 - 0000 27 April 1984 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Canada </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001976 - 05 - 19 - 0000 19 May 1976 </Td> <Td> 000000001976 - 08 - 19 - 0000 19 August 1976 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Cape Verde </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001993 - 08 - 06 - 0000 6 August 1993 </Td> <Td> 000000001993 - 11 - 06 - 0000 6 November 1993 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Central African Republic </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001981 - 05 - 08 - 0000 8 May 1981 </Td> <Td> 000000001981 - 08 - 08 - 0000 8 August 1981 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Chad </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001995 - 06 - 09 - 0000 9 June 1995 </Td> <Td> 000000001995 - 09 - 09 - 0000 9 September 1995 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Chile </Td> <Td> 000000001969 - 09 - 16 - 0000 16 September 1969 </Td> <Td> 000000001972 - 02 - 10 - 0000 10 February 1972 </Td> <Td> 000000001976 - 03 - 23 - 0000 23 March 1976 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Colombia </Td> <Td> 000000001966 - 12 - 21 - 0000 21 December 1966 </Td> <Td> 000000001969 - 10 - 29 - 0000 29 October 1969 </Td> <Td> 000000001976 - 03 - 23 - 0000 23 March 1976 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Congo, Democratic Republic of the </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001976 - 11 - 01 - 0000 1 November 1976 </Td> <Td> 000000001977 - 02 - 01 - 0000 1 February 1977 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Congo, Republic of the </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001983 - 10 - 05 - 0000 5 October 1983 </Td> <Td> 000000001984 - 01 - 05 - 0000 5 January 1984 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Costa Rica </Td> <Td> 000000001966 - 12 - 19 - 0000 19 December 1966 </Td> <Td> 000000001968 - 11 - 29 - 0000 29 November 1968 </Td> <Td> 000000001976 - 03 - 23 - 0000 23 March 1976 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Cote d'Ivoire! Côte d'Ivoire </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001992 - 03 - 26 - 0000 26 March 1992 </Td> <Td> 000000001992 - 06 - 26 - 0000 26 June 1992 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Croatia </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001992 - 10 - 12 - 0000 12 October 1992 </Td> <Td> 000000001993 - 01 - 12 - 0000 12 January 1993 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Cyprus </Td> <Td> 000000001966 - 12 - 19 - 0000 19 December 1966 </Td> <Td> 000000001969 - 04 - 02 - 0000 2 April 1969 </Td> <Td> 000000001976 - 03 - 23 - 0000 23 March 1976 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Czech Republic </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001993 - 02 - 22 - 0000 22 February 1993 </Td> <Td> 000000001993 - 01 - 01 - 0000 1 January 1993 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Denmark </Td> <Td> 000000001968 - 03 - 20 - 0000 20 March 1968 </Td> <Td> 000000001972 - 01 - 06 - 0000 6 January 1972 </Td> <Td> 000000001976 - 03 - 23 - 0000 23 March 1976 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Djibouti </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000002002 - 11 - 05 - 0000 5 November 2002 </Td> <Td> 000000002003 - 02 - 05 - 0000 5 February 2003 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Dominica </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001993 - 06 - 17 - 0000 17 June 1993 </Td> <Td> 000000001993 - 09 - 17 - 0000 17 September 1993 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Dominican Republic </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001978 - 01 - 04 - 0000 4 January 1978 </Td> <Td> 000000001978 - 04 - 04 - 0000 4 April 1978 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> East Timor </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000002003 - 09 - 18 - 0000 18 September 2003 </Td> <Td> 000000002003 - 12 - 18 - 0000 18 December 2003 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Ecuador </Td> <Td> 000000001968 - 04 - 04 - 0000 4 April 1968 </Td> <Td> 000000001969 - 03 - 06 - 0000 6 March 1969 </Td> <Td> 000000001976 - 03 - 23 - 0000 23 March 1976 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Egypt </Td> <Td> 000000001967 - 08 - 04 - 0000 4 August 1967 </Td> <Td> 000000001982 - 01 - 14 - 0000 14 January 1982 </Td> <Td> 000000001982 - 04 - 14 - 0000 14 April 1982 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> El Salvador </Td> <Td> 000000001967 - 09 - 21 - 0000 21 September 1967 </Td> <Td> 000000001979 - 11 - 30 - 0000 30 November 1979 </Td> <Td> 000000001980 - 02 - 29 - 0000 29 February 1980 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Equatorial Guinea </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001987 - 09 - 25 - 0000 25 September 1987 </Td> <Td> 000000001987 - 12 - 25 - 0000 25 December 1987 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Eritrea </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000002002 - 01 - 22 - 0000 22 January 2002 </Td> <Td> 000000002002 - 04 - 22 - 0000 22 April 2002 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Estonia </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001991 - 10 - 21 - 0000 21 October 1991 </Td> <Td> 000000001992 - 01 - 21 - 0000 21 January 1992 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Ethiopia </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001993 - 06 - 11 - 0000 11 June 1993 </Td> <Td> 000000001993 - 09 - 11 - 0000 11 September 1993 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Finland </Td> <Td> 000000001967 - 10 - 11 - 0000 11 October 1967 </Td> <Td> 000000001975 - 08 - 19 - 0000 19 August 1975 </Td> <Td> 000000001976 - 03 - 23 - 0000 23 March 1976 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> France </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001980 - 11 - 04 - 0000 4 November 1980 </Td> <Td> 000000001981 - 02 - 04 - 0000 4 February 1981 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Gabon </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001983 - 01 - 21 - 0000 21 January 1983 </Td> <Td> 000000001983 - 04 - 21 - 0000 21 April 1983 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Gambia, The </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001979 - 03 - 22 - 0000 22 March 1979 </Td> <Td> 000000001979 - 06 - 22 - 0000 22 June 1979 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Georgia </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001994 - 05 - 03 - 0000 3 May 1994 </Td> <Td> 000000001994 - 08 - 03 - 0000 3 August 1994 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Germany </Td> <Td> 000000001968 - 10 - 09 - 0000 9 October 1968 </Td> <Td> 000000001973 - 12 - 17 - 0000 17 December 1973 </Td> <Td> 000000001976 - 03 - 23 - 0000 23 March 1976 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Ghana </Td> <Td> 000000002000 - 09 - 07 - 0000 7 September 2000 </Td> <Td> 000000002000 - 09 - 07 - 0000 7 September 2000 </Td> <Td> 000000002000 - 12 - 07 - 0000 7 December 2000 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Greece </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001997 - 05 - 05 - 0000 5 May 1997 </Td> <Td> 000000001997 - 08 - 05 - 0000 5 August 1997 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Grenada </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001991 - 09 - 06 - 0000 6 September 1991 </Td> <Td> 000000001991 - 12 - 06 - 0000 6 December 1991 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Guatemala </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001992 - 05 - 05 - 0000 5 May 1992 </Td> <Td> 000000001992 - 08 - 05 - 0000 5 August 1992 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Guinea </Td> <Td> 000000001967 - 02 - 28 - 0000 28 February 1967 </Td> <Td> 000000001978 - 01 - 24 - 0000 24 January 1978 </Td> <Td> 000000001978 - 04 - 24 - 0000 24 April 1978 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Guinea - Bissau </Td> <Td> 000000002000 - 09 - 12 - 0000 12 September 2000 </Td> <Td> 000000002010 - 11 - 01 - 0000 1 November 2010 </Td> <Td> 000000002011 - 02 - 01 - 0000 1 February 2011 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Guyana </Td> <Td> 000000001968 - 08 - 22 - 0000 22 August 1968 </Td> <Td> 000000001977 - 02 - 15 - 0000 15 February 1977 </Td> <Td> 000000001977 - 05 - 15 - 0000 15 May 1977 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Haiti </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001991 - 02 - 06 - 0000 6 February 1991 </Td> <Td> 000000001991 - 05 - 06 - 0000 6 May 1991 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Honduras </Td> <Td> 000000001966 - 12 - 19 - 0000 19 December 1966 </Td> <Td> 000000001997 - 08 - 25 - 0000 25 August 1997 </Td> <Td> 000000001997 - 11 - 25 - 0000 25 November 1997 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Hungary </Td> <Td> 000000001969 - 03 - 25 - 0000 25 March 1969 </Td> <Td> 000000001974 - 01 - 17 - 0000 17 January 1974 </Td> <Td> 000000001976 - 03 - 23 - 0000 23 March 1976 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Iceland </Td> <Td> 000000001968 - 12 - 30 - 0000 30 December 1968 </Td> <Td> 000000001979 - 08 - 22 - 0000 22 August 1979 </Td> <Td> 000000001979 - 11 - 22 - 0000 22 November 1979 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> India </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001979 - 04 - 10 - 0000 10 April 1979 </Td> <Td> 000000001979 - 07 - 10 - 0000 10 July 1979 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Indonesia </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000002006 - 02 - 23 - 0000 23 February 2006 </Td> <Td> 000000002006 - 05 - 23 - 0000 23 May 2006 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Iran </Td> <Td> 000000001968 - 04 - 04 - 0000 4 April 1968 </Td> <Td> 000000001975 - 06 - 24 - 0000 24 June 1975 </Td> <Td> 000000001976 - 03 - 23 - 0000 23 March 1976 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Iraq </Td> <Td> 000000001969 - 02 - 18 - 0000 18 February 1969 </Td> <Td> 000000001971 - 01 - 25 - 0000 25 January 1971 </Td> <Td> 000000001976 - 03 - 23 - 0000 23 March 1976 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Ireland </Td> <Td> 000000001973 - 10 - 01 - 0000 1 October 1973 </Td> <Td> 000000001989 - 12 - 08 - 0000 8 December 1989 </Td> <Td> 000000001990 - 03 - 08 - 0000 8 March 1990 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Israel </Td> <Td> 000000001966 - 12 - 19 - 0000 19 December 1966 </Td> <Td> 000000001991 - 10 - 03 - 0000 3 October 1991 </Td> <Td> 000000001992 - 01 - 03 - 0000 3 January 1992 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Italy </Td> <Td> 000000001967 - 01 - 18 - 0000 18 January 1967 </Td> <Td> 000000001978 - 09 - 15 - 0000 15 September 1978 </Td> <Td> 000000001978 - 12 - 15 - 0000 15 December 1978 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Jamaica </Td> <Td> 000000001966 - 12 - 19 - 0000 19 December 1966 </Td> <Td> 000000001975 - 10 - 03 - 0000 3 October 1975 </Td> <Td> 000000001976 - 03 - 23 - 0000 23 March 1976 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Japan </Td> <Td> 000000001978 - 05 - 30 - 0000 30 May 1978 </Td> <Td> 000000001979 - 06 - 21 - 0000 21 June 1979 </Td> <Td> 000000001979 - 09 - 21 - 0000 21 September 1979 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Jordan </Td> <Td> 000000001972 - 06 - 30 - 0000 30 June 1972 </Td> <Td> 000000001975 - 05 - 28 - 0000 28 May 1975 </Td> <Td> 000000001976 - 03 - 23 - 0000 23 March 1976 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Kazakhstan </Td> <Td> 000000002003 - 12 - 02 - 0000 2 December 2003 </Td> <Td> 000000002006 - 01 - 24 - 0000 24 January 2006 </Td> <Td> 000000002006 - 04 - 24 - 0000 24 April 2006 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Kenya </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001972 - 05 - 01 - 0000 1 May 1972 </Td> <Td> 000000001976 - 03 - 23 - 0000 23 March 1976 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Korea, North </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001981 - 09 - 14 - 0000 14 September 1981 </Td> <Td> 000000001981 - 12 - 14 - 0000 14 December 1981 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Korea, South </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001990 - 04 - 10 - 0000 10 April 1990 </Td> <Td> 000000001990 - 07 - 10 - 0000 10 July 1990 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Kuwait </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001996 - 05 - 21 - 0000 21 May 1996 </Td> <Td> 000000001996 - 08 - 21 - 0000 21 August 1996 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Kyrgyzstan </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001994 - 10 - 07 - 0000 7 October 1994 </Td> <Td> 000000001995 - 01 - 07 - 0000 7 January 1995 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Laos </Td> <Td> 000000002000 - 12 - 07 - 0000 7 December 2000 </Td> <Td> 000000002009 - 09 - 25 - 0000 25 September 2009 </Td> <Td> 000000002009 - 12 - 25 - 0000 25 December 2009 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Latvia </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001992 - 04 - 14 - 0000 14 April 1992 </Td> <Td> 000000001992 - 07 - 14 - 0000 14 July 1992 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Lebanon </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001972 - 11 - 03 - 0000 3 November 1972 </Td> <Td> 000000001976 - 03 - 23 - 0000 23 March 1976 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Lesotho </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001992 - 09 - 09 - 0000 9 September 1992 </Td> <Td> 000000001992 - 12 - 09 - 0000 9 December 1992 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Liberia </Td> <Td> 000000001967 - 04 - 18 - 0000 18 April 1967 </Td> <Td> 000000002004 - 09 - 22 - 0000 22 September 2004 </Td> <Td> 000000002004 - 12 - 22 - 0000 22 December 2004 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Libya </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001970 - 05 - 15 - 0000 15 May 1970 </Td> <Td> 000000001976 - 03 - 23 - 0000 23 March 1976 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Liechtenstein </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001998 - 12 - 10 - 0000 10 December 1998 </Td> <Td> 000000001999 - 03 - 10 - 0000 10 March 1999 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Lithuania </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001991 - 11 - 20 - 0000 20 November 1991 </Td> <Td> 000000001992 - 02 - 10 - 0000 10 February 1992 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Luxembourg </Td> <Td> 000000001974 - 11 - 26 - 0000 26 November 1974 </Td> <Td> 000000001983 - 08 - 18 - 0000 18 August 1983 </Td> <Td> 000000001983 - 11 - 18 - 0000 18 November 1983 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Macedonia, Republic of </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001994 - 01 - 18 - 0000 18 January 1994 </Td> <Td> 000000001991 - 09 - 17 - 0000 17 September 1991 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Madagascar </Td> <Td> 000000001969 - 09 - 17 - 0000 17 September 1969 </Td> <Td> 000000001971 - 06 - 21 - 0000 21 June 1971 </Td> <Td> 000000001976 - 03 - 23 - 0000 23 March 1976 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Malawi </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001993 - 12 - 22 - 0000 22 December 1993 </Td> <Td> 000000001994 - 03 - 22 - 0000 22 March 1994 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Maldives </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000002006 - 09 - 19 - 0000 19 September 2006 </Td> <Td> 000000002006 - 12 - 19 - 0000 19 December 2006 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Mali </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001974 - 07 - 16 - 0000 16 July 1974 </Td> <Td> 000000001976 - 03 - 23 - 0000 23 March 1976 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Malta </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001990 - 09 - 13 - 0000 13 September 1990 </Td> <Td> 000000001990 - 12 - 13 - 0000 13 December 1990 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Marshall Islands </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000002018 - 03 - 12 - 0000 12 March 2018 </Td> <Td> 000000002018 - 06 - 12 - 0000 12 June 2018 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Mauritania </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000002004 - 11 - 17 - 0000 17 November 2004 </Td> <Td> 000000002005 - 02 - 17 - 0000 17 February 2005 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Mauritius </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001973 - 12 - 12 - 0000 12 December 1973 </Td> <Td> 000000001976 - 03 - 23 - 0000 23 March 1976 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Mexico </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001981 - 03 - 23 - 0000 23 March 1981 </Td> <Td> 000000001981 - 06 - 23 - 0000 23 June 1981 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Moldova </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001993 - 01 - 26 - 0000 26 January 1993 </Td> <Td> 000000001993 - 04 - 26 - 0000 26 April 1993 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Monaco </Td> <Td> 000000001997 - 06 - 26 - 0000 26 June 1997 </Td> <Td> 000000001997 - 08 - 28 - 0000 28 August 1997 </Td> <Td> 000000001997 - 11 - 28 - 0000 28 November 1997 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Mongolia </Td> <Td> 000000001968 - 06 - 05 - 0000 5 June 1968 </Td> <Td> 000000001974 - 11 - 18 - 0000 18 November 1974 </Td> <Td> 000000001976 - 03 - 23 - 0000 23 March 1976 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Montenegro </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000002006 - 10 - 23 - 0000 23 October 2006 </Td> <Td> 000000002006 - 06 - 03 - 0000 3 June 2006 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Morocco </Td> <Td> 000000001977 - 01 - 19 - 0000 19 January 1977 </Td> <Td> 000000001979 - 05 - 03 - 0000 3 May 1979 </Td> <Td> 000000001979 - 08 - 03 - 0000 3 August 1979 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Mozambique </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001993 - 07 - 21 - 0000 21 July 1993 </Td> <Td> 000000001993 - 10 - 21 - 0000 21 October 1993 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Namibia </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001994 - 11 - 28 - 0000 28 November 1994 </Td> <Td> 000000001995 - 02 - 28 - 0000 28 February 1995 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Nepal </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001991 - 05 - 14 - 0000 14 May 1991 </Td> <Td> 000000001991 - 08 - 14 - 0000 14 August 1991 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Netherlands </Td> <Td> 000000001969 - 06 - 25 - 0000 25 June 1969 </Td> <Td> 000000001978 - 12 - 11 - 0000 11 December 1978 </Td> <Td> 000000001979 - 03 - 11 - 0000 11 March 1979 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> New Zealand </Td> <Td> 000000001968 - 11 - 12 - 0000 12 November 1968 </Td> <Td> 000000001978 - 12 - 28 - 0000 28 December 1978 </Td> <Td> 000000001979 - 03 - 28 - 0000 28 March 1979 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Nicaragua </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001980 - 03 - 12 - 0000 12 March 1980 </Td> <Td> 000000001980 - 06 - 12 - 0000 12 June 1980 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Niger </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001986 - 03 - 07 - 0000 7 March 1986 </Td> <Td> 000000001986 - 06 - 07 - 0000 7 June 1986 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Nigeria </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001993 - 07 - 29 - 0000 29 July 1993 </Td> <Td> 000000001993 - 10 - 29 - 0000 29 October 1993 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Norway </Td> <Td> 000000001968 - 03 - 20 - 0000 20 March 1968 </Td> <Td> 000000001972 - 09 - 13 - 0000 13 September 1972 </Td> <Td> 000000001976 - 03 - 23 - 0000 23 March 1976 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Pakistan </Td> <Td> 000000002008 - 04 - 17 - 0000 17 April 2008 </Td> <Td> 000000002010 - 06 - 23 - 0000 23 June 2010 </Td> <Td> 000000002010 - 09 - 23 - 0000 23 September 2010 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Palestine </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000002014 - 04 - 02 - 0000 2 April 2014 </Td> <Td> 000000002014 - 07 - 02 - 0000 2 July 2014 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Panama </Td> <Td> 000000001976 - 07 - 27 - 0000 27 July 1976 </Td> <Td> 000000001977 - 03 - 08 - 0000 8 March 1977 </Td> <Td> 000000001977 - 06 - 08 - 0000 8 June 1977 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Papua New Guinea </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000002008 - 07 - 21 - 0000 21 July 2008 </Td> <Td> 000000002008 - 10 - 21 - 0000 21 October 2008 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Paraguay </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001992 - 06 - 10 - 0000 10 June 1992 </Td> <Td> 000000001992 - 09 - 10 - 0000 10 September 1992 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Peru </Td> <Td> 000000001977 - 08 - 11 - 0000 11 August 1977 </Td> <Td> 000000001978 - 04 - 28 - 0000 28 April 1978 </Td> <Td> 000000001978 - 07 - 28 - 0000 28 July 1978 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Philippines </Td> <Td> 000000001966 - 12 - 19 - 0000 19 December 1966 </Td> <Td> 000000001986 - 10 - 23 - 0000 23 October 1986 </Td> <Td> 000000001987 - 01 - 23 - 0000 23 January 1987 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Poland </Td> <Td> 000000001967 - 03 - 02 - 0000 2 March 1967 </Td> <Td> 000000001977 - 03 - 18 - 0000 18 March 1977 </Td> <Td> 000000001977 - 06 - 18 - 0000 18 June 1977 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Portugal </Td> <Td> 000000001976 - 10 - 07 - 0000 7 October 1976 </Td> <Td> 000000001978 - 06 - 15 - 0000 15 June 1978 </Td> <Td> 000000001978 - 09 - 15 - 0000 15 September 1978 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Qatar </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000002018 - 05 - 21 - 0000 21 May 2018 </Td> <Td> 000000002018 - 08 - 21 - 0000 21 August 2018 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Romania </Td> <Td> 000000001968 - 06 - 27 - 0000 27 June 1968 </Td> <Td> 000000001974 - 12 - 09 - 0000 9 December 1974 </Td> <Td> 000000001976 - 03 - 23 - 0000 23 March 1976 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Russia </Td> <Td> 000000001968 - 03 - 18 - 0000 18 March 1968 </Td> <Td> 000000001973 - 10 - 16 - 0000 16 October 1973 </Td> <Td> 000000001976 - 03 - 23 - 0000 23 March 1976 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Rwanda </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001975 - 04 - 16 - 0000 16 April 1975 </Td> <Td> 000000001976 - 03 - 23 - 0000 23 March 1976 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Saint Vincent and the Grenadines </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001981 - 11 - 09 - 0000 9 November 1981 </Td> <Td> 000000001981 - 02 - 09 - 0000 9 February 1981 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Samoa </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000002008 - 02 - 15 - 0000 15 February 2008 </Td> <Td> 000000002008 - 05 - 15 - 0000 15 May 2008 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> San Marino </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001985 - 10 - 18 - 0000 18 October 1985 </Td> <Td> 000000001986 - 01 - 18 - 0000 18 January 1986 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Sao Tome and Principe! São Tomé and Príncipe </Td> <Td> 000000001995 - 10 - 31 - 0000 31 October 1995 </Td> <Td> 000000002017 - 01 - 10 - 0000 10 January 2017 </Td> <Td> 000000002017 - 04 - 10 - 0000 10 April 2017 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Senegal </Td> <Td> 000000001970 - 07 - 06 - 0000 6 July 1970 </Td> <Td> 000000001978 - 02 - 13 - 0000 13 February 1978 </Td> <Td> 000000001978 - 05 - 13 - 0000 13 May 1978 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Serbia </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000002001 - 03 - 12 - 0000 12 March 2001 </Td> <Td> 000000001992 - 04 - 27 - 0000 27 April 1992 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Seychelles </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001992 - 05 - 05 - 0000 5 May 1992 </Td> <Td> 000000001992 - 08 - 05 - 0000 5 August 1992 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Sierra Leone </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001996 - 08 - 23 - 0000 23 August 1996 </Td> <Td> 000000001996 - 11 - 23 - 0000 23 November 1996 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Slovakia </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001993 - 05 - 28 - 0000 28 May 1993 </Td> <Td> 000000001993 - 01 - 01 - 0000 1 January 1993 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Slovenia </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001992 - 07 - 06 - 0000 6 July 1992 </Td> <Td> 000000001992 - 10 - 06 - 0000 6 October 1992 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Somalia </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001990 - 01 - 24 - 0000 24 January 1990 </Td> <Td> 000000001990 - 04 - 24 - 0000 24 April 1990 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> South Africa </Td> <Td> 000000001994 - 10 - 03 - 0000 3 October 1994 </Td> <Td> 000000001998 - 12 - 10 - 0000 10 December 1998 </Td> <Td> 000000001999 - 03 - 10 - 0000 10 March 1999 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Spain </Td> <Td> 000000001976 - 09 - 28 - 0000 28 September 1976 </Td> <Td> 000000001977 - 04 - 27 - 0000 27 April 1977 </Td> <Td> 000000001977 - 07 - 27 - 0000 27 July 1977 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Sri Lanka </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001980 - 06 - 11 - 0000 11 June 1980 </Td> <Td> 000000001980 - 09 - 11 - 0000 11 September 1980 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Sudan </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001986 - 03 - 18 - 0000 18 March 1986 </Td> <Td> 000000001986 - 06 - 18 - 0000 18 June 1986 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Suriname </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001976 - 12 - 28 - 0000 28 December 1976 </Td> <Td> 000000001977 - 03 - 28 - 0000 28 March 1977 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Swaziland </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000002004 - 03 - 26 - 0000 26 March 2004 </Td> <Td> 000000002004 - 06 - 26 - 0000 26 June 2004 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Sweden </Td> <Td> 000000001967 - 09 - 29 - 0000 29 September 1967 </Td> <Td> 000000001971 - 12 - 06 - 0000 6 December 1971 </Td> <Td> 000000001976 - 03 - 23 - 0000 23 March 1976 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Switzerland </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001992 - 06 - 18 - 0000 18 June 1992 </Td> <Td> 000000001992 - 09 - 18 - 0000 18 September 1992 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Syria </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001969 - 04 - 21 - 0000 21 April 1969 </Td> <Td> 000000001976 - 03 - 23 - 0000 23 March 1976 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Tajikistan </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001999 - 01 - 04 - 0000 4 January 1999 </Td> <Td> 000000001999 - 04 - 04 - 0000 4 April 1999 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Tanzania </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001976 - 06 - 11 - 0000 11 June 1976 </Td> <Td> 000000001976 - 09 - 11 - 0000 11 September 1976 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Thailand </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001996 - 10 - 29 - 0000 29 October 1996 </Td> <Td> 000000001997 - 01 - 29 - 0000 29 January 1997 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Togo </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001984 - 05 - 24 - 0000 24 May 1984 </Td> <Td> 000000001984 - 08 - 24 - 0000 24 August 1984 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Trinidad and Tobago </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001978 - 12 - 21 - 0000 21 December 1978 </Td> <Td> 000000001979 - 03 - 21 - 0000 21 March 1979 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Tunisia </Td> <Td> 000000001968 - 04 - 30 - 0000 30 April 1968 </Td> <Td> 000000001969 - 03 - 18 - 0000 18 March 1969 </Td> <Td> 000000001976 - 03 - 23 - 0000 23 March 1976 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Turkey </Td> <Td> 000000002000 - 08 - 15 - 0000 15 August 2000 </Td> <Td> 000000002003 - 09 - 23 - 0000 23 September 2003 </Td> <Td> 000000002003 - 12 - 23 - 0000 23 December 2003 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Turkmenistan </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001997 - 05 - 01 - 0000 1 May 1997 </Td> <Td> 000000001997 - 08 - 01 - 0000 1 August 1997 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Uganda </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001995 - 06 - 21 - 0000 21 June 1995 </Td> <Td> 000000001995 - 09 - 21 - 0000 21 September 1995 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Ukraine </Td> <Td> 000000001968 - 03 - 20 - 0000 20 March 1968 </Td> <Td> 000000001973 - 11 - 12 - 0000 12 November 1973 </Td> <Td> 000000001976 - 03 - 23 - 0000 23 March 1976 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United Kingdom </Td> <Td> 000000001968 - 09 - 16 - 0000 16 September 1968 </Td> <Td> 000000001976 - 05 - 20 - 0000 20 May 1976 </Td> <Td> 000000001976 - 08 - 20 - 0000 20 August 1976 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States </Td> <Td> 000000001977 - 10 - 05 - 0000 5 October 1977 </Td> <Td> 000000001992 - 06 - 08 - 0000 8 June 1992 </Td> <Td> 000000001992 - 09 - 08 - 0000 8 September 1992 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Uruguay </Td> <Td> 000000001967 - 02 - 21 - 0000 21 February 1967 </Td> <Td> 000000001967 - 05 - 21 - 0000 21 May 1967 </Td> <Td> 000000001976 - 03 - 23 - 0000 23 March 1976 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Uzbekistan </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001995 - 09 - 28 - 0000 28 September 1995 </Td> <Td> 000000001995 - 12 - 28 - 0000 28 December 1995 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Vanuatu </Td> <Td> 000000002007 - 11 - 29 - 0000 29 November 2007 </Td> <Td> 000000002008 - 11 - 21 - 0000 21 November 2008 </Td> <Td> 000000002009 - 02 - 21 - 0000 21 February 2009 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Venezuela </Td> <Td> 000000001969 - 06 - 24 - 0000 24 June 1969 </Td> <Td> 000000001978 - 05 - 10 - 0000 10 May 1978 </Td> <Td> 000000001978 - 08 - 10 - 0000 10 August 1978 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Vietnam </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001982 - 09 - 24 - 0000 24 September 1982 </Td> <Td> 000000001982 - 12 - 24 - 0000 24 December 1982 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Yemen </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001987 - 02 - 09 - 0000 9 February 1987 </Td> <Td> 000000001987 - 05 - 09 - 0000 9 May 1987 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Zambia </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001984 - 04 - 10 - 0000 10 April 1984 </Td> <Td> 000000001984 - 07 - 10 - 0000 10 July 1984 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Zimbabwe </Td> <Td>--</Td> <Td> 000000001991 - 05 - 13 - 0000 13 May 1991 </Td> <Td> 000000001991 - 08 - 13 - 0000 13 August 1991 </Td> </Tr> </Table> <Tr> <Th> State party </Th> <Th> Signed </Th> <Th> Ratified or acceded </Th> <Th> Entry into force </Th> </Tr>

Who signed the international covenant on civil and political rights
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