<P> Mountain formation refers to the geological processes that underlie the formation of mountains . These processes are associated with large - scale movements of the Earth's crust (tectonic plates). Folding, faulting, volcanic activity, igneous intrusion and metamorphism can all be parts of the orogenic process of mountain building . The formation of mountains is not necessarily related to the geological structures found on it . </P> <P> The understanding of specific landscape features in terms of the underlying tectonic processes is called tectonic geomorphology, and the study of geologically young or ongoing processes is called neotectonics . </P>

What leads to folding faulting and volcanic activity