<P> Each state has a bicameral parliament except Queensland, which abolished its upper house in 1922 . The lower house is called the Legislative Assembly, except in South Australia and Tasmania, where it is called the House of Assembly . Tasmania is the only state to use proportional representation for elections to its lower house; all others elect members from single member constituencies, using preferential voting . The upper house is called the Legislative Council and is generally elected from multi-member constituencies using proportional representation . The three self - governing territories, the ACT, the Northern Territory, and Norfolk Island, each have unicameral Legislative Assemblies . </P> <P> The head of government of each state is called the Premier, appointed by the state's Governor . In normal circumstances, the Governor will appoint as Premier whoever leads the party or coalition which exercises control of the lower house (in the case of Queensland, the only house) of the state Parliament . However, in times of constitutional crisis, the Governor can appoint someone else as Premier . The head of government of the self - governing internal territories is called the Chief Minister . The Northern Territory's Chief Minister, in normal circumstances whoever controls the Legislative Assembly, is appointed by the Administrator . </P> <Table> <Tr> <Th> Entity </Th> <Th> Type of entity </Th> <Th> Tie to the Queen </Th> <Th> Domestic administrator </Th> <Th> Head of Government </Th> <Th> Upper House of Parliament </Th> <Th> Lower House of Parliament </Th> <Th_colspan="2"> Member of Parliament </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Upper house </Th> <Th> Lower house </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Commonwealth of Australia </Td> <Td> Federal government </Td> <Td> Direct </Td> <Td> Governor - General </Td> <Td> Prime Minister </Td> <Td> Senate </Td> <Td> House of Representatives </Td> <Td> Senator </Td> <Td> MP </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> South Australia </Td> <Td> Federated state </Td> <Td> Direct (established by the Australia Act 1986) </Td> <Td> Governor </Td> <Td> Premier </Td> <Td> Legislative Council </Td> <Td> House of Assembly </Td> <Td> MLC </Td> <Td> MHA </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Tasmania </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> New South Wales </Td> <Td> Legislative Assembly </Td> <Td> MP </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Victoria </Td> <Td> MLA </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Western Australia </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Queensland </Td> <Td> N / A (abolished 1922) </Td> <Td> N / A </Td> <Td> MP </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Australian Capital Territory </Td> <Td> Self - governing territory </Td> <Td> Indirect (through Governor - General acting as "Administrator") </Td> <Td> Assembly and Chief Minister </Td> <Td> Chief Minister </Td> <Td> N / A </Td> <Td> MLA </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Northern Territory </Td> <Td> Indirect (through Governor - General) </Td> <Td> Administrator </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Christmas Island </Td> <Td> External territory </Td> <Td> Mayor / Shire President </Td> <Td> Shire Council </Td> <Td> Councillor </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Cocos (Keeling) Islands </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Norfolk Island </Td> <Td> Regional Council </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan="9"> Note: <Ol> <Li> Jump up ^ The abbreviation MP is an acceptable, and indeed more common, term for members of each lower house . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Between 1979 and 2015 Norfolk Island was a self - governing external territory with its own legislature, the Norfolk Legislative Assembly, until this was abolished by the Commonwealth Parliament . </Li> </Ol> </Td> </Tr> </Table> <Tr> <Th> Entity </Th> <Th> Type of entity </Th> <Th> Tie to the Queen </Th> <Th> Domestic administrator </Th> <Th> Head of Government </Th> <Th> Upper House of Parliament </Th> <Th> Lower House of Parliament </Th> <Th_colspan="2"> Member of Parliament </Th> </Tr>

The head of state of the commonwealth of australia and of the various states and territories is the
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