<P> In 1960, David Berlo expanded Dean and Faustine's 1949 linear model of communication and created the Sender - Message - Channel - Receiver (SMCR) Model of Communication . The SMCR Model of Communication separated the model into clear parts and has been expanded upon by other scholars . </P> <P> The Berlo's communication process is a simple application for communication of person - to - person which include communication source, encoder, message, channel, decoder, and communication receiver . In addition, David Berlo presented some factors that influence the communication process between two people . The factors include communication skills, awareness level, social system, cultural system, and attitude . </P> <P> The Berlo's Model of Communication process starts at the source . This is the part where determine the communication skills, attitude, knowledge, social system, and culture of the people involved in the communication . After the message is developed which is elements in a set of symbols . Then the encoder step beginning . The encoder process is where the motor skills take place by speaking or writing . The message goes through the channel which carries the message by hearing, seeing, touching, smelling, or tasting . Then the decoder process takes place . In this process, the receiver interpreter the message with her or him sensory skills . Finally, the communication receiver gets the whole message understood . </P> <P> Communication is usually described along a few major dimensions: Message (what type of things are communicated), source / emissor / sender / encoder (by whom), form (in which form), channel (through which medium), destination / receiver / target / decoder (to whom), and Receiver . Wilbur Schramm (1954) also indicated that we should also examine the impact that a message has (both desired and undesired) on the target of the message . Between parties, communication includes acts that confer knowledge and experiences, give advice and commands, and ask questions . These acts may take many forms, in one of the various manners of communication . The form depends on the abilities of the group communicating . Together, communication content and form make messages that are sent towards a destination . The target can be oneself, another person or being, another entity (such as a corporation or group of beings). </P>

The telephone model of communication was first developed in the area of