<P> Let the working man and the employer make free agreements, and in particular let them agree freely as to the wages; nevertheless, there underlies a dictate of natural justice more imperious and ancient than any bargain between man and man, namely, that wages ought not to be insufficient to support a frugal and well - behaved wage - earner . If through necessity or fear of a worse evil the workman accept harder conditions because an employer or contractor will afford him no better, he is made the victim of force and injustice . </P> <P> Rerum novarum is remarkable for its vivid depiction of the plight of the nineteenth - century urban poor and for its condemnation of unrestricted capitalism . Among the remedies it prescribed were the formation of trade unions and the introduction of collective bargaining, particularly as an alternative to state intervention . </P> <P> Although the Encyclical follows the lines of the traditional teaching concerning the rights and duties of property and the relations of employer and employee, it applies the old doctrines specifically to modern conditions . Leo first quotes Thomas Aquinas in affirming that private property is a fundamental principle of natural law . He then quotes Gregory the Great regarding its proper use: "" He that hath a talent, let him see that he hide it not; he that hath abundance, let him quicken himself to mercy and generosity; he that hath art and skill, let him do his best to share the use and the utility hereof with his neighbor ." Liberalism also affirms the right to private property, but socialism and communism do not . </P> <P> Rerum novarum also recognized that the poor have a special status in consideration of social issues: the modern Catholic principle of the "preferential option for the poor" and the notion that God is on the side of the poor were expressed in this document . </P>

What does rerum novarum teach about ownership and use of private property
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