<P> Since Akbarabād was one of the most important cities in India under the Mughals, it witnessed a lot of building activity . Babar, the founder of the Mughal dynasty, laid out the first formal Persian garden on the banks of river Yamuna . The garden is called the Arām Bāgh or the Garden of Relaxation . His grandson Akbar the Great raised the towering ramparts of the Great Red Fort, besides making Agra a centre for learning, arts, commerce and religion . Akbar also built a new city on the outskirts of Akbarabād called Fatehpūr Sikrī . This city was built in the form of a Mughal military camp in stone . </P> <P> His son Jahāngīr had a love of flora and fauna and laid many gardens inside the Red Fort or Lāl Qil'a . Shāh Jahān, known for his keen interest in architecture, gave Akbarabād its most prized monument, the Tāj Mahal . Built in loving memory of his wife Mumtāz Mahal, the mausoleum was completed in 1653 . </P> <P> Shāh Jahān later shifted the capital to Delhi during his reign, but his son Aurangzeb moved the capital back to Akbarabād, usurping his father and imprisoning him in the Fort there . Akbarabād remained the capital of India during the rule of Aurangzeb until he shifted it to Aurangabad in the Deccan in 1653 . </P> <P> After the decline of the Mughal Empire, the city came under the influence of Marathas and was called Agra, before falling into the hands of the British Raj in 1803 . </P>

Mughal emperor who shifted capital from agra to delhi