<P> There are two types of countermeasures: General State (intending to alter the physiological or psychological state of the examinee for the length of the test), and Specific Point (intending to alter the physiological or psychological state of the examinee at specific periods during the examination, either to increase or decrease responses during critical examination periods). </P> <P> Law enforcement agencies and intelligence agencies in the United States are by far the biggest users of polygraph technology . In the United States alone most federal law enforcement agencies either employ their own polygraph examiners or use the services of examiners employed in other agencies . In 1978 Richard Helms, the 8th Director of Central Intelligence, stated that: </P> <Dl> <Dd> "We discovered there were some Eastern Europeans who could defeat the polygraph at any time . Americans are not very good at it, because we are raised to tell the truth and when we lie it is easy to tell we are lying . But we find a lot of Europeans and Asiatics can handle that polygraph without a blip, and you know they are lying and you have evidence that they are lying ." </Dd> </Dl> <Dd> "We discovered there were some Eastern Europeans who could defeat the polygraph at any time . Americans are not very good at it, because we are raised to tell the truth and when we lie it is easy to tell we are lying . But we find a lot of Europeans and Asiatics can handle that polygraph without a blip, and you know they are lying and you have evidence that they are lying ." </Dd>

Factors that can affect the accuracy of a polygraph test include all of the following except quizlet