<P> Lusaka was the site of a village named after its headman Lusaka, which, according to history, was located at Manda Hill, near where the Zambia's National Assembly building now stands . In the Nyanja language, Manda means graveyard . The area was expanded by European (mainly British) settlers in 1905 with the building of the railway . </P> <P> In 1935, due to its fairly central location, its situation on the railway and at the crossroads of the Great North Road and Great East Road, it was chosen to replace Livingstone as the capital of the British colony of Northern Rhodesia . </P> <P> After the federation of Northern and Southern Rhodesia in 1953, it was a centre of the independence movement amongst some of the educated elite that led to the creation of the Republic of Zambia . In 1964, Lusaka became the capital of the newly independent Zambia . </P> <P> In recent years, Lusaka has become a popular urban settlement for Zambians and tourists alike . Its central nature and fast growing infrastructure sector have increased donor confidence and as such Zambians are seeing signs of development in the form of job creation, housing, etc . Consequently, it is thought that with proper and effective economic reforms, Lusaka as well as Zambia as a whole will develop considerably . Lusaka is home to a diverse community of foreign nationals, many of whom work in the aid industry as well as diplomats, representatives of religious organisations and some business people . </P>

When did lusaka become the capital of zambia