<P> In 2014, Fuertes and Schiavon developed the first study that analyzes plug loads using LEED documented data from certified projects . The study compared plug load assumptions made by 92 energy modeling practitioners against ASHRAE and Title 24 requirements, as well as the evaluation of the plug loads calculation methodology used by 660 LEED - CI and 429 LEED - NC certified projects . In general, energy modelers considered the energy consumption of plug loads of equipment that are constantly running (such as refrigerators) as well as monitors and computers predictable . Overall the results suggested a disconnection between energy modelers assumptions and the actual performance of buildings . In conclusion, the study suggests LEED or ASHRAE to develop guidelines for plug loads calculations . </P> <P> Energy model might be a source of error during LEED design phase . Stoppel and Leite evaluated the predicted and actual energy consumption of two twin buildings using the energy model during the LEED design phase and the utility meter data after one year of occupancy . The study's results suggests that mechanical systems turnover and occupancy assumptions significantly differing from predicted to actual values . </P> <P> Most of the current available energy consumption analysis of LEED buildings focuses on LEED v3 (2009) or even earlier versions certified buildings instead of the newest LEED v4 (2014) certified buildings . According to Newsham et al., these analyses should be considered as preliminary and should be repeated with longer data history and larger sample buildings, including new LEED v4 certified buildings . Newsham et al. also pointed out that further work needs to be done to define green building rating schemes to ensure more consistent and substantial energy consumption reduction success at the individual building level in long term . </P> <Table> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> This section needs expansion . You can help by adding to it . (December 2015) </Td> </Tr> </Table>

Leed certifies green buildings based on which of the following