<P> Aristotle considered anagnorisis, leading to peripeteia, the mark of a superior tragedy . Two such plays are Oedipus Rex, where the oracle's information that Oedipus had killed his father and married his mother brought about his mother's death and his own blindness and exile, and Iphigenia in Tauris, where Iphigenia realizes that the strangers she is to sacrifice are her brother and his friend, resulting in all three of them escaping Tauris . These plots he considered complex and superior to simple plots without anagnorisis or peripeteia, such as when Medea resolves to kill her children, knowing they are her children, and does so . Aristotle identified Oedipus Rex as the principal work demonstrating peripety . (See Aristotle's Poetics .) </P> <P> In Sophocles' Oedipus Rex, the peripeteia occurs towards the end of the play when the Messenger brings Oedipus news of his parentage . In the play, Oedipus is fated to murder his father and marry his mother . His parents, Laius and Jocasta, try to forestall the oracle by sending their son away to be killed, but he is actually raised by Polybus and his wife, Merope, the rulers of another kingdom . The irony of the Messenger's information is that it was supposed to comfort Oedipus and assure him that he was the son of Polybus . Unfortunately for Oedipus, the Messenger says, "Polybus was nothing to you, (Oedipus) that's why, not in blood" (Sophocles 1113). The Messenger received Oedipus from one of Laius' servants and then gave him to Polybus . The plot comes together when Oedipus realizes that he is the son and murderer of Laius as well as the son and husband of Jocasta . Martin M. Winkler says that here, peripeteia and anagnôrisis occur at the same time "for the greatest possible impact" because Oedipus has been "struck a blow from above, as if by fate or the gods . He is changing from the mighty and somewhat arrogant king of Thebes to a figure of woe" (Winkler 57). </P> <P> The instantaneous conversion of Paul on the road to Damascus is a classic example of peripeteia, which Eusebius presented in his Life of Constantine as a pattern for the equally revelatory conversion of Constantine . Modern biographers of Constantine see his conversion less as a momentary phenomenon than as a step in a lifelong process . </P> <P> In "The Three Apples", a medieval Arabian Nights, after the murderer reveals himself near the middle of the story, he explains his reasons behind the murder in a flashback, which begins with him going on a journey to find three rare apples for his wife, but after returning finds out she cannot eat them due to her lingering illness . Later at work, he sees a slave passing by with one of those apples claiming that he received it from his girlfriend, a married woman with three such apples her husband gave her . He returns home and demands his wife to show him all three apples, but she only shows him two . This convinces him of her infidelity and he murders her as a result . After he disposes of her body, he returns home where his son confesses that he had stolen one of the apples and that a slave, to whom he had told about his father's journey, had fled with it . The murderer thus realizes his guilt and regrets what he has just done . </P>

Which of the following is the perepetia of oedipus rex