<P> The genre is not well - defined but might include propaganda works of early Soviet parliamentarians like Dziga Vertov, present - day filmmakers including Chris Marker, Michael Moore (Roger & Me (1989), Bowling for Columbine (2002) and Fahrenheit 9 / 11 (2004)), Errol Morris (The Thin Blue Line (1988)), Morgan Spurlock (Supersize Me: A Film of Epic Portions) and Agnès Varda . Jean - Luc Godard describes his recent work as "film - essays". Two filmmakers whose work was the antecedent to the cinematic essay include Georges Méliès and Bertolt Brecht . Méliès made a short film (The Coronation of Edward VII (1902)) about the 1902 coronation of King Edward VII, which mixes actual footage with shots of a recreation of the event . Brecht was a playwright who experimented with film and incorporated film projections into some of his plays . Orson Welles made an essay film in his own pioneering style, released in 1974, called F for Fake, which dealt specifically with art forger Elmyr de Hory and with the themes of deception, "fakery," and authenticity in general . These are often published online on video hosting services . </P> <P> David Winks Gray's article "The essay film in action" states that the "essay film became an identifiable form of filmmaking in the 1950s and' 60s". He states that since that time, essay films have tended to be "on the margins" of the filmmaking the world . Essay films have a "peculiar searching, questioning tone...between documentary and fiction" but without "fitting comfortably" into either genre . Gray notes that just like written essays, essay films "tend to marry the personal voice of a guiding narrator (often the director) with a wide swath of other voices". The University of Wisconsin Cinematheque website echoes some of Gray's comments; it calls a film essay an "intimate and allusive" genre that "catches filmmakers in a pensive mood, ruminating on the margins between fiction and documentary" in a manner that is "refreshingly inventive, playful, and idiosyncratic". </P> <P> In the realm of music, composer Samuel Barber wrote a set of "Essays for Orchestra," relying on the form and content of the music to guide the listener's ear, rather than any extra-musical plot or story . </P> <P> A photographic essay strives to cover a topic with a linked series of photographs . Photo essays range from purely photographic works to photographs with captions or small notes to full - text essays with a few or many accompanying photographs . Photo essays can be sequential in nature, intended to be viewed in a particular order--or they may consist of non-ordered photographs viewed all at once or in an order that the viewer chooses . All photo essays are collections of photographs, but not all collections of photographs are photo essays . Photo essays often address a certain issue or attempt to capture the character of places and events . </P>

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