<P> By the end of June, filming reached the halfway mark, with production moving to Germany in early August . Filming locations in Germany included the Olympic Stadium in Berlin, and the Leipzig / Halle Airport in Schkeuditz . Additional filming also took place in Puerto Rico and Norway, and was scheduled to in Iceland . Principal photography wrapped on August 22, 2015 . </P> <P> Captain America: Civil War was the first film to use IMAX's digital 2D cameras, made in partnership with Arri, which was a customized version of the Arri Alexa 65 . According to Joe Russo, approximately fifteen minutes of the film, the sequence where the two factions fight at Leipzig / Halle Airport, which was described as having "incredible scale to it" and referred to by the directors as the "splash panel", were shot with the cameras . Opaloch noted that there were discussions late in pre-production to shoot the entire film with the Alexa 65 cameras . However, because of how close it was to the start of shooting as well as the idea being "such a large - scale undertaking", it was decided to only use them for the airport sequence, with the rest of film being shot on Arri Alexa XT digital cameras . For the airport sequence, Opaloch rigged the Alexa 65s to a Technocrane, a Steadicam, a dolly as well as a drone for flyover shots, which had its own dedicated team operating it . Because of the amount of resolution the Aleax 65s offered, Opaloch chose to use medium close - ups instead of close - ups, and for his wide shots, hold the shot a bit longer, "maybe with a slight camera move that allows the viewer to take it all in ." </P> <P> In September 2015, Mark Ruffalo, who plays Bruce Banner / Hulk in the MCU films, stated that his character was originally in the Civil War script, but was removed due to the end of Age of Ultron, as Marvel did not "want to reveal where (he is) and why" in this film . Markus added that as soon as the Hulk joined a side, the fight would be quickly over, saying, "You've got to kind of choose your roster (of characters) depending on what kind of fight you want to have ." He later explained that he contemplated having the Hulk appear at the very end of the film, but decided against it, feeling that he was over-stuffing the film with characters, adding, "(The Hulk) has clearly gone somewhere at the end of (Age of) Ultron, and that's a story . Don't blow it off and put it in a little tiny chunk just to put in a little extra filigree on our movie ." Additionally, Ross' alter ego, Red Hulk, was also considered for inclusion, but the Russos felt that part of the character would need a proper backstory which they could not afford to give in the already crowded film . They felt that Ross "was there sort of as the government's agenda and not to add another complicated super powered character to the mix ." Spider - Man's Iron Spider suit was also considered . </P> <P> That November, Joe Russo stated that the theme of the film was betrayal, calling it "extremely emotional . (The film) hinges on that emotion, and on a very personal level we didn't want (it) to become about politics and people arguing about platitudes . The third act is built around a very personal moment between (Captain America and Iron Man)." The Russos spent a great deal of time with Markus, McFeely, and Moore to ensure each character's emotional arc tracked through the entire film correctly, though realized that at some point "you have to sacrifice logic for expediency". Speaking about the post-production process in January 2016, the Russo brothers said, "This has been the easiest post process we've ever had on a film . We're very happy with how the movie was . Everyone is very happy with where the movie was . For us, the tricky thing is the effects because it's a very complicated movie and there are some really big sequences in the film . The effects are on a much larger scale than the work we did on Winter Soldier . That's the part that becomes really difficult because you don't have a lot of time and everyone has very high standards . So everyone starts killing themselves at this point...we'll be done with the movie in two and a half months ." They also stated that the film would be doing "a few reshoots" in mid-to - late January . </P>

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