<Table> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> This article's lead section may be too long for the length of the article . Please help by moving some material from it into the body of the article . Please read the layout guide and lead section guidelines to ensure the section will still be inclusive of all essential details . Please discuss this issue on the article's talk page . (October 2018) </Td> </Tr> </Table> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> This article's lead section may be too long for the length of the article . Please help by moving some material from it into the body of the article . Please read the layout guide and lead section guidelines to ensure the section will still be inclusive of all essential details . Please discuss this issue on the article's talk page . (October 2018) </Td> </Tr> <Table> <Tr> <Th_colspan="2"> Vietnam War Chiến tranh Việt Nam (Vietnamese) </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan="2"> Part of the Indochina Wars and the Cold War </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan="2"> Clockwise, from top left: U.S. combat operations in Ia Đrăng, ARVN Rangers defending Saigon during the 1968 Tết Offensive, two A-4C Skyhawks after the Gulf of Tonkin incident, ARVN recapture Quảng Trị during the 1972 Easter Offensive, civilians fleeing the 1972 Battle of Quảng Trị, and burial of 300 victims of the 1968 Huế Massacre . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan="2"> <Table> <Tr> <Th> Date </Th> <Td> 1 November 1955--30 April 1975 (1975 - 04 - 30) (19 years, 5 months, 4 weeks and 1 day) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Location </Th> <Td> South Vietnam, North Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos, South China Sea, Gulf of Thailand </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Result </Th> <Td> <P> North Vietnamese victory </P> <Ul> <Li> Withdrawal of U.S. forces </Li> <Li> Expulsion of U.S. civilian / military staff from Cambodia, Laos and South Vietnam </Li> <Li> Communist forces take power in South Vietnam, Cambodia and Laos </Li> <Li> Reunification of Vietnam </Li> <Li> Start of the Cambodian--Vietnamese War </Li> <Li> Start of the boat people crisis and Indochina refugee crisis </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Territorial changes </Th> <Td> Reunification of North and South Vietnam into the Socialist Republic of Vietnam . </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th_colspan="2"> Belligerents </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> <Ul> <Li> North Vietnam </Li> <Li> Viet Cong and PRG </Li> <Li> North Korea </Li> <Li> Cambodia Government - in - Exile </Li> <Li> Khmer Rouge </Li> <Li> China </Li> <Li> Pathet Lao </Li> </Ul> <P> Military support: </P> <Ul> <Li> Soviet Union </Li> <Li> Cuba </Li> <Li> Czechoslovakia </Li> <Li> East Germany </Li> <Li> Poland </Li> </Ul> Other support (show) <Ul> <Li> Bulgaria </Li> <Li> Hungary </Li> <Li> Romania </Li> <Li> Sweden </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> South Vietnam </Li> <Li> United States </Li> <Li> Khmer Republic </Li> <Li> Kingdom of Laos </Li> <Li> Kingdom of Cambodia (1967--1970) </Li> <Li> South Korea </Li> <Li> Thailand </Li> <Li> Australia </Li> <Li> Philippines </Li> <Li> New Zealand </Li> </Ul> <P> Military support: </P> <Ul> <Li> Taiwan </Li> </Ul> Other support (show) <Ul> <Li> Brazil </Li> <Li> Iran </Li> <Li> Japan </Li> <Li> Spain </Li> <Li> Malaysia </Li> <Li> West Germany </Li> <Li> United Kingdom </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th_colspan="2"> Commanders and leaders </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Hồ Chí Minh † </Li> <Li> Lê Duẩn </Li> <Li> Võ Nguyên Giáp </Li> <Li> Lê Đức Thọ </Li> <Li> Phạm Văn Đồng </Li> <Li> Trường Chinh </Li> <Li> Tôn Đức Thắng </Li> <Li> Văn Tiến Dũng </Li> <Li> Nguyễn Hữu An </Li> <Li> Huỳnh Tấn Phát </Li> <Li> Nguyễn Hữu Thọ </Li> <Li> Hoàng Văn Thái </Li> <Li> Nguyễn Chí Thanh † </Li> <Li> Trần Văn Trà </Li> <Li> Nguyễn Văn Linh </Li> <Li> Lê Trọng Tấn </Li> <Li> Lê Đức Anh </Li> <Li> M Nguyễn Thị Định </Li> <Li> Võ Chí Công </Li> <Li> M Nguyễn Thị Bình </Li> <Li> Võ Văn Kiệt </Li> <Li> Souphanouvong </Li> <Li> Kaysone Phomvihane </Li> <Li> Phoumi Vongvichit </Li> <Li> Nouhak Phoumsavanh </Li> <Li> Norodom Sihanouk </Li> <Li> Son Sann </Li> <Li> Pol Pot </Li> <Li> Khieu Samphan </Li> <Li> Nuon Chea </Li> <Li>... and others </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Ngô Đình Diệm † </Li> <Li> Ngô Đình Nhu † </Li> <Li> Nguyễn Văn Thiệu </Li> <Li> Nguyễn Cao Kỳ </Li> <Li> Cao Văn Viên </Li> <Li> Ngô Quang Trưởng </Li> <Li> Dương Văn Minh </Li> <Li> Trần Thiện Khiêm </Li> <Li> Trần Văn Hương </Li> <Li> Nguyễn Khánh </Li> <Li> Nguyễn Văn Hiếu † </Li> <Li> Đỗ Cao Trí † </Li> <Li> Nguyễn Chánh Thi </Li> <Li> John F. Kennedy † </Li> <Li> Lyndon B. Johnson </Li> <Li> Richard Nixon </Li> <Li> Gerald Ford </Li> <Li> Robert McNamara </Li> <Li> Maxwell D. Taylor </Li> <Li> William Westmoreland </Li> <Li> Elmo Zumwalt </Li> <Li> Creighton Abrams </Li> <Li> Frederick C. Weyand </Li> <Li> Paul D. Harkins </Li> <Li> Melvin Laird </Li> <Li> Clark Clifford </Li> <Li> Lon Nol </Li> <Li> Sisowath Sirik Matak </Li> <Li> Vang Pao </Li> <Li> Souvanna Phouma </Li> <Li> Phoumi Nosavan </Li> <Li> Park Chung Hee </Li> <Li>... and others </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th_colspan="2"> Strength </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> <P> ≈ 860,000 (1967) </P> <Ul> <Li> North Vietnam: 690,000 (January 1967, included NVA and Việt Cộng) </Li> <Li> Việt Cộng: 200,000 (estimated, 1968) </Li> <Li> China: 170,000 (1967) </Li> <Li> GRUNK: 70,000 (1972) </Li> <Li> Pathet Lao: 48,000 (1960) </Li> <Li> North Korea: 200 </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> <P> ≈ 1,420,000 (1968) </P> <Ul> <Li> South Vietnam: 850,000 (1968) 1,500,000 (1974--75) </Li> <Li> United States: 543,000 (April 1969) </Li> <Li> Laos 72,000 Royal Army and Hmong </Li> <Li> Cambodia 200,000 (1973) </Li> <Li> South Korea: 50,003 </Li> <Li> Thailand: 32,000 in Vietnam and Laos </Li> <Li> Australia: 7,672 </Li> <Li> Philippines: 2,061 </Li> <Li> New Zealand: 552 </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th_colspan="2"> Casualties and losses </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> <Ul> <Li> North Vietnam & Việt Cộng </Li> <Li> 65,000--182,000 civilian dead </Li> <Li> 849,018 dead / missing (Vietnamese figure; 1 / 3 non-combat deaths) </Li> <Li> 666,000--950,765 dead / missing (U.S. estimated; 1964--74) </Li> <Li> 600,000 + wounded </Li> <Li> China ≈ 1,100 dead and 4,200 wounded </Li> <Li> Soviet Union 16 dead </Li> <Li> North Korea 14 dead </Li> </Ul> <P> Total military dead: ≈ 667,130--951,895 Total military wounded: ≈ 604,200 (excluding GRUNK and Pathet Lao) </P> </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> South Vietnam </Li> <Li> 195,000--430,000 civilian dead </Li> <Li> 254,256--313,000 military dead </Li> <Li> 1,170,000 wounded </Li> <Li> United States 58,318 dead; 303,644 wounded (including 150,341 not requiring hospital care) </Li> <Li> Laos 15,000 dead </Li> <Li> Cambodia Unknown </Li> <Li> South Korea 5,099 dead; 10,962 wounded; 4 missing </Li> <Li> Australia 521 dead; 3,129 wounded </Li> <Li> Thailand 351 dead </Li> <Li> New Zealand 37 dead </Li> <Li> Taiwan 25 dead </Li> <Li> Philippines 9 dead; 64 wounded </Li> </Ul> <P> Total military dead: 333,620--392,364 Total wounded: ≈ 1,340,000 + (excluding FARK and FANK) </P> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan="2"> <Ul> <Li> Vietnamese civilian dead: 627,000--2,000,000 </Li> <Li> Vietnamese total dead: 966,000--3,812,000 </Li> <Li> Cambodian Civil War dead: 275,000--310,000 </Li> <Li> Laotian Civil War dead: 20,000--62,000 </Li> <Li> Non-Indochinese military dead: 65,494 </Li> <Li> Total dead: 1,326,494--4,249,494 </Li> <Li> For more information see Vietnam War casualties and Aircraft losses of the Vietnam War </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan="2"> Upper figure initial estimate, later thought to be inflated by at least 30% (lower figure), possibly includes civilians misidentified as combatants, see Vietnam War body count controversy </Td> </Tr> </Table> <Tr> <Th_colspan="2"> Vietnam War Chiến tranh Việt Nam (Vietnamese) </Th> </Tr>

When did the vietnam war end and start
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