<Tr> <Th> Occupation </Th> <Td> Architect </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Buildings </Th> <Td> Radcliffe Camera St Martin - in - the - Fields Senate House St Mary le Strand Ditchley House </Td> </Tr> <P> James Gibbs (23 December 1682--5 August 1754) was one of Britain's most influential architects . Born in Scotland, he trained as an architect in Rome, and practised mainly in England . He is an important figure whose work spanned the transition between English Baroque architecture and a Georgian architecture heavily influenced by Andrea Palladio . Among his most important works are St Martin - in - the - Fields, in London, and the cylindrical, domed Radcliffe Camera at Oxford University . </P> <P> Gibbs very privately was a Roman Catholic and a Tory, because of this and his age had a somewhat removed relation to the Palladian movement which came to dominate English architecture during his career . The Palladians were largely Whigs, led by Lord Burlington and Colen Campbell, a fellow Scot who developed a rivalry with Gibbs . Gibbs' professional Italian training under the Baroque master Carlo Fontana also set him uniquely apart from the Palladian school . However, despite being unfashionable, he gained a number of Tory patrons and clients, and became hugely influential through his published works, which became popular as pattern books for architecture . The naming of the Gibbs surround for doors and windows, which he certainly did not invent, testifies to this influence . </P>

Scottish architect who developed wren's ideas for st martins in the fields