<P> In parliament, caste and tribe based reservations are provided to make it more representative...Today, out of 543 seats in India's parliament, 84 (15.47%) are reserved for SC / Dalits and 47 (8.66%) for ST / Tribes . Allocation of seats for Scheduled Castes and Tribes in the Lok Sabha are made on the basis of proportion of Scheduled Castes and Tribes in the State concerned to that of the total population . </P> <P> A similar percentage of exclusive seats has been provided for members of designated castes and tribes in each state legislature . Local self - governments have caste, tribe and gender based reservation system in place . </P> <P> A fixed percentage of India's government and public sector jobs are made exclusive for categories of people largely based on their caste or tribe . </P> <P> The 1992 Supreme Court ruling in the Indra Sawhney case said that reservations in job promotions are "unconstitutional" but allowed its continuation for five years . In 1995, the 77th amendment to the Constitution was made to amend Article 16 before the five - year period expired to continue with reservations for SC / STs in promotions . It was further modified through the 85th amendment to give the benefit of consequential seniority to SC / ST candidates promoted by reservation . </P>

Disadvantages of caste based reservation system in india