<P> A 2009 study also suggests deleterious impacts on animals and ecosystems because of perturbation of polarized light or artificial polarization of light (even during the day, because direction of natural polarization of sun light and its reflection is a source of information for a lot of animals). This form of pollution is named polarized light pollution (PLP). Unnatural polarized light sources can trigger maladaptive behaviors in polarization - sensitive taxa and alter ecological interactions . </P> <P> Lights on tall structures can disorient migrating birds . Estimates by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service of the number of birds killed after being attracted to tall towers range from 4 to 5 million per year to an order of magnitude higher . The Fatal Light Awareness Program (FLAP) works with building owners in Toronto, Ontario, Canada and other cities to reduce mortality of birds by turning out lights during migration periods . </P> <P> Similar disorientation has also been noted for bird species migrating close to offshore production and drilling facilities . Studies carried out by Nederlandse Aardolie Maatschappij b.v. (NAM) and Shell have led to development and trial of new lighting technologies in the North Sea . In early 2007, the lights were installed on the Shell production platform L15 . The experiment proved a great success since the number of birds circling the platform declined by 50 to 90% . </P> <P> Sea turtle hatchlings emerging from nests on beaches are another casualty of light pollution . It is a common misconception that hatchling sea turtles are attracted to the moon . Rather, they find the ocean by moving away from the dark silhouette of dunes and their vegetation, a behavior with which artificial lights interfere . The breeding activity and reproductive phenology of toads, however, are cued by moonlight . Juvenile seabirds may also be disoriented by lights as they leave their nests and fly out to sea . Amphibians and reptiles are also affected by light pollution . Introduced light sources during normally dark periods can disrupt levels of melatonin production . Melatonin is a hormone that regulates photoperiodic physiology and behaviour . Some species of frogs and salamanders utilize a light - dependent "compass" to orient their migratory behaviour to breeding sites . Introduced light can also cause developmental irregularities, such as retinal damage, reduced juvenile growth, premature metamorphosis, reduced sperm production, and genetic mutation . </P>

Sky glow describes light that was intended to go into one area but also enters into another area