<P> Blanqueamiento was enacted in national policies of many Latin American countries, particularly Brazil, Venezuela and Cuba, at the turn of the 20th century . In most cases, these policies promoted European immigration as a means to whiten the population . </P> <P> An important phenomenon described for some parts of Latin America such as Brazil and Mexico is "Whitening" or "Mestizaje" describing the policy of planned racial mixing with the purpose of minimizing the non-white part of the population . This practice was possible as in these countries one is classified as white even with very few white phenotypical traits and it has meant that the percentages of people identifying as fully black or indigenous has increased over the course of the twentieth century as the mixed class expanded . It has also meant that the racial categories have been fluid . Unlike the U.S where ancestry is used to define race, Latin American scholars came to agree by the 1970s that race in Latin America could not be understood as the "genetic composition of individuals" but instead "based upon a combination of cultural, social, and somatic considerations . In Latin America, a person's ancestry is quite irrelevant to racial classification . For example, full - blooded siblings can often be classified by different races (Harris 1964). </P> <P> During the Spanish colonial period, Spaniards developed a complex caste system based on race, which was used for social control and which also determined a person's rights in society . There were four main categories of race: (1) Peninsular - a Spaniard born in Spain, (2) Criollo (fem . criolla) - a person of Spanish descent born in Mesoamerica, (3) Indio (fem . India) - a person who is a native of, or indigenous to, Mesoamerica, and (4) Negro (fem . Negra) - a person of African slave descent . There were also other caste groups like the Mestizos / Mestizas that had one Spanish and one Indian parent . The Castizos which had one Mestizo parent and one Spanish parent, the children of a Castizo were generally accepted as a Criollo . Mulatto / Mulatta were usually the ones with one Spanish and one Black parent, if a mulatto was born in slavery they were considered slaves as well unless the mother was free then they would be free too . </P> <P> Very generally speaking ethno - racial relations can be arranged on an axis between the two extremes of European and Amerindian cultural and biological heritage, this is a remnant of the colonial Spanish caste system which categorized individuals according to their perceived level of biological mixture between the two groups . Additionally the presence of considerable portions of the population with partly African and Asian heritage further complicates the situation . Even though it still arranges persons along the line between indigenous and European, in practice the classificatory system is no longer biologically based, but rather mixes socio - cultural traits with phenotypical traits, and classification is largely fluid, allowing individuals to move between categories and define their ethnic and racial identities situationally . </P>

Who were the mestizos working class members of latin america society
find me the text answering this question