<P> The Young Turk Revolution (July 1908) of the Ottoman Empire was when the Young Turks movement restored the Ottoman constitution of 1876 and ushered in multi-party politics in a two stage electoral system (electoral law) under the Ottoman parliament . More than three decades earlier, in 1876, constitutional monarchy had been established under Sultan Abdul Hamid II during a period of time known as the First Constitutional Era, which only lasted for two years before Abdul Hamid suspended it and restored autocratic powers to himself . On 24 July 1908, Abdul Hamid capitulated and announced the restoration of Constitution, which established the Second Constitutional Era . After an attempted monarchist counterrevolution in favor of Abdul Hamid the following year, he was deposed and his brother Mehmed V ascended the throne . </P> <P> Once underground, organizations (named committee, group, etc .) established (declared) their parties . Among them "Committee of Union and Progress" (CUP), and "Freedom and Accord Party" also known as the Liberal Union or Liberal Entente (LU) were major parties . There were smaller parties such as Ottoman Socialist Party . On the other end of the spectrum were the ethnic parties which included; People's Federative Party (Bulgarian Section), Bulgarian Constitutional Clubs, Jewish Social Democratic Labour Party in Palestine (Poale Zion), Al - Fatat, and Armenians organized under Armenakan, Hunchakian and Armenian Revolutionary Federation (ARF). ARF, previously outlawed, became the main representative of the Armenian community in the Ottoman Empire, replacing the pre-1908 Armenian elite, which had been composed of merchants, artisans, and clerics who had seen their future in obtaining more privileges within the boundaries of the state's version of Ottomanism . </P> <P> Countering the conservative politics of Abdul Hamid's reign was the amount of social reform that occurred during this time period . The development of a more liberal environment in Turkey strengthened the culture, and also provided the grounds for the later rebellion . Abdulhamid's political circle was close - knit and ever changing . When the sultan abandoned the previous politics from 1876, he suspended the Ottoman Parliament in 1878 . This left a very small group of individuals able to partake in politics in the Ottoman Empire . </P> <P> In order to preserve the legacy of the Ottoman Empire, many Turks felt a need for modernization of the country . However, Abdulhamid's method of rule was not in line with the developing nation . The origins of the revolution lie in the organization of two political factions . Neither agreed with Abdulhamid's reign, but each had separate interests . The Liberals were the upper class groups in the Ottoman Empire, and desired a more relaxed form of government with little economic interference . They also pushed for more autonomy of the different ethnic groups, which became popular among foreigners in the empire . In a slightly lower class formed a different group - the Unionists . Members were of working class, and foremost wanted a secular government . These two groups initially formed out of the same intent - to return to the old constitution, but cultural differences divided them . </P>

Who was involved in the young turk revolution