<P> Within this model, humans are routinely compared to computers . This comparison is used as a means of better understanding the way information is processed and stored in the human mind . Therefore, when analyzing what actually develops within this model, the more specific comparison is between the human brain and computers . Computers were introduced to the study of development and provided a new way of studying intelligence (Lachman, 1979) and added further legitimacy to the scientific study of the mind (Goodwin, 2005, p. 411). In the model below, you can see the direct comparison between human processing and computer processing . Within this model, information is taken in (or input). Information is encoded to give meaning and compared with stored information . If a person is working on a task, this is where the working memory is enacted . An example of that for a computer is the CPU . In both cases, information is encoded, given meaning, and combined with previously stored information to enact the task . The latter step is where the information is stored where it can later be retrieved when needed . For computers, this would be akin to saving information on a hard drive, where you would then upload the saved data when working on a future task (using your working memory as in step 2). </P> <P> Cognitive processes include perception, recognition, imagining, remembering, thinking, judging, reasoning, problem solving, conceptualizing, and planning . These cognitive processes can emerge from human language, thought, imagery, and symbols . </P> <P> In addition to these specific cognitive processes, many cognitive psychologists study language - acquisition, altered states of mind and consciousness, visual perception, auditory perception, short - term memory, long - term memory, storage, retrieval, perceptions of thought and much more . </P> <P> This theory views humans as actively inputting, retrieving, processing, and storing information . Context, social content, and social influences on processing are simply viewed as information . Nature provides the hardware of cognitive processing and Information Processing theory explains cognitive functioning based on that hardware . Individuals innately vary in some cognitive abilities, such a memory span, but human cognitive systems function similarly based on a set of memory stores that store information and control processes determine how information is processed . The "Nurture" component provides information input (stimuli) that is processed resulting in behavior and learning . Changes in the contents of the long - term memory store (knowledge) are learning . Prior knowledge affects future processing and thus affects future behavior and learning . </P>

Who created a model of human information processing