<P> In 1879 Charles Sanders Peirce was hired as a philosophy instructor at Johns Hopkins University . Although better known for his astronomical and philosophical work, Peirce also conducted what are perhaps the first American psychology experiments, on the subject of color vision, published in 1877 in the American Journal of Science (see Cadwallader, 1974). Peirce and his student Joseph Jastrow published "On Small Differences in Sensation" in the Memoirs of the National Academy of Sciences, in 1884 . In 1882, Peirce was joined at Johns Hopkins by G. Stanley Hall, who opened the first American research laboratory devoted to experimental psychology in 1883 . Peirce was forced out of his position by scandal and Hall was awarded the only professorship in philosophy at Johns Hopkins . In 1887 Hall founded the American Journal of Psychology, which published work primarily emanating from his own laboratory . In 1888 Hall left his Johns Hopkins professorship for the presidency of the newly founded Clark University, where he remained for the rest of his career . </P> <P> Soon, experimental psychology laboratories were opened at the University of Pennsylvania (in 1887, by James McKeen Cattell), Indiana University (1888, William Lowe Bryan), the University of Wisconsin (1888, Joseph Jastrow), Clark University (1889, Edmund Sanford), the McLean Asylum (1889, William Noyes), and the University of Nebraska (1889, Harry Kirke Wolfe). However, it was Princeton University's Eno Hall, built in 1924, that became the first university building in the United States to be devoted entirely to experimental psychology when it became the home of the university's Department of Psychology . </P> <P> In 1890, William James' The Principles of Psychology finally appeared, and rapidly became the most influential textbook in the history of American psychology . It laid many of the foundations for the sorts of questions that American psychologists would focus on for years to come . The book's chapters on consciousness, emotion, and habit were particularly agenda - setting . </P> <P> One of those who felt the impact of James' Principles was John Dewey, then professor of philosophy at the University of Michigan . With his junior colleagues, James Hayden Tufts (who founded the psychology laboratory at Michigan) and George Herbert Mead, and his student James Rowland Angell, this group began to reformulate psychology, focusing more strongly on the social environment and on the activity of mind and behavior than the psychophysics - inspired physiological psychology of Wundt and his followers had heretofore . Tufts left Michigan for another junior position at the newly founded University of Chicago in 1892 . A year later, the senior philosopher at Chicago, Charles Strong, resigned, and Tufts recommended to Chicago president William Rainey Harper that Dewey be offered the position . After initial reluctance, Dewey was hired in 1894 . Dewey soon filled out the department with his Michigan companions Mead and Angell . These four formed the core of the Chicago School of psychology . </P>

Who is known for establishing psychology in the united states