<Dd> θ (s) = α s (T 1 s + 1) (T 2 s + 1) q _̇ (s) (\ displaystyle \ theta (s) = (\ frac (\ alpha s) ((T_ (1) s + 1) (T_ (2) s + 1))) (\ dot (q)) (s)) </Dd> <P> α is a proportionality factor, and s corresponds to the frequency . For humans, the time constants T and T are approximately 3 ms and 5 s, respectively . As a result, for typical head movements, which cover the frequency range of 0.1 Hz and 10 Hz, the deflection of the cupula is approximately proportional to the head - velocity . This is very useful since the velocity of the eyes must be opposite to the velocity of the head in order to have a clear vision . </P> <P> Signals from the vestibular system also project to the cerebellum (where they are used to keep the VOR effective, a task usually referred to as learning or adaptation) and to different areas in the cortex . The projections to the cortex are spread out over different areas, and their implications are currently not clearly understood . </P> <P> The vestibular nuclei on either side of the brain stem exchange signals regarding movement and body position . These signals are sent down the following projection pathways . </P>

Where is information from the vestibular system processed
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