<P> Socio - ecological models were developed to further the understanding of the dynamic interrelations among various personal and environmental factors . Socioecological models were introduced to urban studies by sociologists associated with the Chicago School after the First World War as a reaction to the narrow scope of most research conducted by developmental psychologists . These models bridge the gap between behavioral theories that focus on small settings and anthropological theories . </P> <P> Introduced as a conceptual model in the 1970s, formalized as a theory in the 1980s, and continually revised by Bronfenbrenner until his death in 2005, Urie Bronfenbrenner's Ecological Framework for Human Development applies socioecological models to human development . In his initial theory, Bronfenbrenner postulated that in order to understand human development, the entire ecological system in which growth occurs needs to be taken into account . In subsequent revisions, Bronfenbrenner acknowledged the relevance of biological and genetic aspects of the person in human development . </P> <P> At the core of Bronfenbrenner's ecological model is the child's biological and psychological makeup, based on individual and genetic developmental history . This makeup continues to be affected and modified by the child's immediate physical and social environment (microsystem) as well as interactions among the systems within the environment (mesosystems). Other broader social, political and economic conditions (exosystem) influence the structure and availability of microsystems and the manner in which they affect the child . Finally, social, political, and economic conditions are themselves influenced by the general beliefs and attitudes (macrosystems) shared by members of the society . (Bukatko & Daehler, 1998) </P>

What is the social ecological model of human development
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