<P> The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends HPV vaccines as part of routine vaccinations in all countries, along with other prevention measures . The vaccines require two or three doses depending on a person's age and immune status . Vaccinating girls around the ages of nine to thirteen is typically recommended . The vaccines provide protection for at least 5 to 10 years . Cervical cancer screening is still required following vaccination . Vaccinating a large portion of the population may also benefit the unvaccinated . In those already infected the vaccines are not effective . </P> <P> HPV vaccines are very safe . Pain at the site of injection occurs in about 80% of people . Redness and swelling at the site and fever may also occur . No link to Guillain--Barré syndrome has been found . </P> <P> The first HPV vaccine became available in 2006 . As of 2017, 71 countries include it in their routine vaccinations, at least for girls . They are on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, the most effective and safe medicines needed in a health system . The wholesale cost in the developing world is about US $47 a dose as of 2014 . In the United States it cost more than US $200 . Vaccination may be cost effective in the developing world . </P> <P> HPV vaccines are used to prevent HPV infection and therefore cervical cancer . They are recommended for women who are 9 to 25 years old who have not been exposed to HPV . However, since it is unlikely that a woman will have already contracted all four viruses, and because HPV is primarily sexually transmitted, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has recommended vaccination for women up to 26 years of age . </P>

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