<P> Contemporary Thomism encompasses multiple variants, from Neo-Scholasticism to Existential Thomism . </P> <P> The so - called new Natural lawyers like Grisez and George applied Thomistic legal principles to contemporary ethical debates, while Freeman proposed that Thomism's cognition was most compatible with neurodynamics . Analytical Thomism (Haldane) encourages dialogue between analytic philosophy and broadly Aristotelian philosophy of mind, psychology and hylomorphic metaphysics . Other contemporary Thomists include Stump, MacIntyre and Finnis . </P> <P> Marxism is a method of socioeconomic analysis, originating from Marx and Engels . It analyzes class relations and societal conflict using a materialist interpretation of historical development and a dialectical view of social transformation . Marxist analyses and methodologies influenced political ideologies and social movements . Marxist understandings of history and society were adopted by academics in archaeology, anthropology, media studies, political science, theater, history, sociology, art history and theory, cultural studies, education, economics, geography, literary criticism, aesthetics, critical psychology and philosophy . </P> <P> Western philosophers have often been divided into some major branches, or schools, based either on the questions typically addressed by people working in different parts of the field, or notions of ideological undercurrents . In the ancient world, the most influential division of the subject was the Stoics' division of philosophy into logic, ethics, and physics (conceived as the study of the nature of the world, and including both natural science and metaphysics). In contemporary philosophy, specialties within the field are more commonly divided into metaphysics, epistemology, ethics and aesthetics (the latter two of which together comprise axiology, or value theory). Logic is sometimes included as a main branch of philosophy, sometimes as a separate science philosophers happen to work on, and sometimes just as a characteristically philosophical method applying to all branches of philosophy . </P>

Who represents the cradle of western philosophical reflection