<P> Neurotransmission (Latin: transmissio "passage, crossing" from transmittere "send, let through"), also called synaptic transmission, is the process by which signaling molecules called neurotransmitters are released by a neuron (the presynaptic neuron), and bind to and activate the receptors of another neuron (the postsynaptic neuron). Neurotransmission is essential for the process of communication between two neurons . Synaptic transmission relies on: the availability of the neurotransmitter; the release of the neurotransmitter by exocytosis; the binding of the postsynaptic receptor by the neurotransmitter; the functional response of the postsynaptic cell; and the subsequent removal or deactivation of the neurotransmitter . </P> <P> In response to a threshold action potential or graded electrical potential, a neurotransmitter is released at the presynaptic terminal . The released neurotransmitter may then move across the synapse to be detected by and bind with receptors in the postsynaptic neuron . Binding of neurotransmitters may influence the postsynaptic neuron in either an inhibitory or excitatory way . The binding of neurotransmitters to receptors in the postsynaptic neuron can trigger either short term changes, such as changes in the membrane potential called postsynaptic potentials, or longer term changes by the activation of signaling cascades . </P>

The neurotransmitters of a neuron enable a nerve impulse to
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