<P> Munehisa Homma (本間 宗久, Honma Munehisa) (also known as Sokyu Homma, Sokyu Honma) (1724 - 1803) was a rice merchant from Sakata, Japan who traded in the Dojima Rice market in Osaka during the Tokugawa Shogunate . He is sometimes considered to be the father of the candlestick chart . </P> <P> Around 1710, a futures market emerged for rice, which had previously been traded exclusively on the spot . This system used coupons, promising delivery of rice at a future time . From this, a secondary market of coupon trading emerged in which Munehisa flourished . Stories claim that he established a personal network of men about every 6 km between Sakata and Osaka (a distance of some 600 km) to communicate market prices . </P> <P> In 1755, he wrote (三猿 金泉 秘録, San - en Kinsen Hiroku, The Fountain of Gold - The Three Monkey Record of Money), the first book on market psychology . In this, he claims that the psychological aspect of the market is critical to trading success and that traders' emotions have a significant influence on rice prices . He notes that recognizing this can enable one to take a position against the market: "when all are bearish, there is cause for prices to rise" (and vice versa). </P>

San-en kinsen hiroku the fountain of gold - the three monkey record of money