<P> Two expeditions between 1860 and 1869 by Charles Francis Hall, who lived among the Inuit near Frobisher Bay on Baffin Island and later at Repulse Bay on the Canadian mainland, found camps, graves, and relics on the southern coast of King William Island, but he believed none of the Franklin expedition survivors would be found among the Inuit . In 1869 local Inuit took him to a shallow grave on King Edward Island containing well preserved skeletal remains and fragments of clothing . These remains were taken to England and interred beneath the Franklin Memorial at Greenwich Old Royal Naval College, London . The eminent biologist Thomas Henry Huxley examined the remains and it was concluded that the remains were those of HTD Le Vesconte, a lieutenant on HMS Erebus . An examination in 2009 suggested that these were the remains of Harry Goodsir, assistant surgeon on HMS Erebus . Though Hall concluded that all of the Franklin crew were dead, he believed that the official expedition records would yet be found under a stone cairn . With the assistance of his guides Ebierbing and Tookoolito, Hall gathered hundreds of pages of Inuit testimony . Among these materials are accounts of visits to Franklin's ships, and an encounter with a party of white men on the southern coast of King William Island near Washington Bay . In the 1990s, this testimony was extensively researched by David C. Woodman, and was the basis of two books, Unravelling the Franklin Mystery (1992) and Strangers Among Us (1995), in which he reconstructs the final months of the expedition . </P> <P> The hope of finding these lost papers led Lieutenant Frederick Schwatka of the U.S. Army to organise an expedition to the island between 1878 and 1880 . Traveling to Hudson Bay on the schooner Eothen, Schwatka, assembling a team that included Inuit who had assisted Hall, continued north by foot and dog sled, interviewing Inuit, visiting known or likely sites of Franklin expedition remains, and wintering on King William Island . Though Schwatka failed to find the hoped - for papers, in a speech at a dinner given in his honour by the American Geographical Society in 1880, he noted that his expedition had made "the longest sledge journey ever made both in regard to time and distance" of 11 months and 4 days and 4,360 kilometres (2,710 mi), that it was the first Arctic expedition on which the whites relied entirely on the same diet as the Inuit, and that it established the loss of the Franklin records "beyond all reasonable doubt". The Schwatka expedition found no remnants of the expedition south of a place known as Starvation Cove on the Adelaide Peninsula . This was well north of Crozier's stated goal, the Back River, and several hundred miles away from the nearest Western outpost, on the Great Slave Lake . Woodman wrote of Inuit reports that between 1852 and 1858 Crozier and one other expedition member were seen in the Baker Lake area, about 400 kilometres (250 mi) to the south, where in 1948 Farley Mowat found "a very ancient cairn, not of normal Eskimo construction" inside which were shreds of a hardwood box with dovetail joints . </P> <Ul> <Li> East: James Clark Ross, (HMS Enterprise, HMS Investigator) only to Somerset Island because of ice . </Li> <Li> Center: Rae--Richardson Arctic Expedition Mackenzie River and along the coast . </Li> <Li> West: HMS Plover, HMS Herald to Bering Strait; William Pullen reaches Mackenzie by whaleboat . </Li> </Ul> <Li> East: James Clark Ross, (HMS Enterprise, HMS Investigator) only to Somerset Island because of ice . </Li>

Franklin journey to find the northwest passage across the arctic