<Li> In Quebec, Ontario and Alberta the range of local government services is broadened to include electricity, telephone and gas services . </Li> <P> Most local governments are formed by a charter or act granted by the province or territory . Local governments are not mentioned in the Canadian Constitution other than to say they are the responsibility of the provinces . Consequently, municipalities can be created, amalgamated, or disbanded at the whim of the provincial government which controls them . They are also limited in the amount of interaction they have with the federal government because this would infringe upon an area of provincial jurisdiction . The federal government does fund quite a few projects in many cities, like major transit and roads . These funds come from a variety of federal programs like P3 Canada, where a private company / consortia does a percentage of a project, construction, operations, maintenance, financing and designing, the Building Canada Fund, where major projects can receive federal funds for a project . Unlike many US projects and cities, most projects only get approximately a quarter of their funds from the federal government, and they are not obligated to have a certain amount of the work done by Canadians or Canadian companies . </P> <P> Since each province is responsible for creating local governments in its own territory, the names, functions, and powers of local bodies vary widely across the country . Local governments generally have limited powers, namely creating local by - laws and taxation (property tax). </P> <P> Typically, a municipal government is made up of one mayor (occasionally reeve or warden) and a set number of councillors (occasionally alderman). There are usually 10 − 20 councillors in one council, however an exception to this is Montreal, with over 50 councillors . The councillors may represent districts called wards . </P>

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