<P> Many people who are against the bill have opposed the requirement that would force clinics to follow the same standards as surgical centers, since it could lead to the closure of the clinics and result in large areas of the state to not have access to a clinic . Many major medical groups such as the American Medical Association, the American Academy of Family Physicians, and the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists argue that this bill is damaging to women's health by closing clinics and adding undue obstacles and medical expenses that can push abortions into the second trimester . Supporters of the legislation have stated that the purpose of the new law is to protect women's health and unborn children, citing precedents like the recent Kermit Gosnell case . </P> <P> Abortion access in the state of Texas has seen a serious decline since the passage of Senate Bill 5 . There were 44 facilities that performed abortions in Texas in 2011, When the law is fully implemented in September, that number is expected to drop to six . Amy Hagstrom Miller, the chief executive of Whole Woman's Health, which has challenged provisions of the law in court . "I tried everything I can . I just can't keep the doors open ." </P> <P> A 2017 National Bureau of Economic Research paper used the legislation to identify the effects of abortion access . The study found that "as the distance to the nearest abortion provider increases from less than 25 miles to 25 - 50 miles, there is little change in rates of legally induced abortions . But an increase to 50 - 100 miles reduces legal abortion rates by 16 percent, an increase to 100 - 200 miles reduces abortion rates by 32 percent, and an increase to 200 or more miles reduces abortion rates by 47 percent . We also introduce a proxy for congestion that predicts additional reductions in abortion rates as fewer clinics serve more women ." </P> <P> Another 2017 National Bureau of Economic Research paper found that "In - state abortions fell 20% and births rose 3% in counties that no longer had an abortion provider within 50 miles . Births increased 1% and contraceptive purchases rose 8% in counties without a publicly - funded family planning clinic within 25 miles ." </P>

When did house bill 5 pass in texas