<P> Ancient Egyptian technology describes devices and technologies invented or used in Ancient Egypt . The Egyptians invented and used many simple machines, such as the ramp and the lever, to aid construction processes . They used rope trusses to stiffen the beam of ships . Egyptian paper, made from papyrus, and pottery were mass - produced and exported throughout the Mediterranean basin . The wheel was used for a number of purposes, but chariots only came into use after the Second Intermediate period . The Egyptians also played an important role in developing Mediterranean maritime technology including ships and lighthouses . </P> <P> Significant advances in ancient Egypt during the dynastic period include astronomy, mathematics, and medicine . Their geometry was a necessary outgrowth of surveying to preserve the layout and ownership of farmland, which was flooded annually by the Nile river . The 3, 4, 5 right triangle and other rules of thumb served to represent rectilinear structures, and the post and lintel architecture of Egypt . Egypt also was a center of alchemy research for much of the western world . </P> <P> The word paper comes from the Greek term for the ancient Egyptian writing material called papyrus, which was formed from beaten strips of papyrus plants . Papyrus was produced as early as 3000 BC in Egypt, and sold to ancient Greece and Rome . The establishment of the Library of Alexandria limited the supply of papyrus for others . As a result, according to the Roman historian Pliny (Natural History records, xiii. 21), parchment was invented under the patronage of Eumenes II of Pergamon to build his rival library at Pergamon . This however is a myth; parchment had been in use in Anatolia and elsewhere long before the rise of Pergamon . </P>

What are three things other than the nile that are related to ancient egypt