<P> While the Land Ordinance of 1785 created a New England style land system, the Northwest Ordinance of 1787 determined how the townships would be administered . The Northwest Ordinance of 1787, like the Land Ordinance of 1785, was inspired by the New England colonial settlements, and manifested this influence by further encouraging the worship of religion and the spread of education . The Northwest Ordinance of 1787 stated, "Religion, morality, and knowledge being necessary to good government and the happiness of mankind, schools and the means of education shall forever be encouraged ." However, the Northwest Ordinance of 1787 also contained Southern characteristics of municipal governance . The Southern influence can be felt in the Western townships in that once the federal land was dedicated to the particular township, the township was relatively free of the influence of the federal government, and the local municipality was left to govern itself . This manifested itself in public education as well . Once the land was dedicated, the actual development of the public schools was the responsibility of the local township or the particular state . Although the great Ordinances of the 1780s set the framework for a national system of schools by dedicating land across the West, the devolved development and administration by the state and local government led to unique results . </P> <P> Retaining central land in each township ensured that these lands would create value for the federal government . Instead of disbursing funds to the new states to create public education systems, dedicating a central lot in each township provided the new townships with the means to develop educational institutions without any transfer of funds . This was a practical and necessary way to achieve the committee's goal in a pre-Constitution America . Aside from raising funds for a financially struggling government, the westward expansion outlined in the Land Ordinances of the 1780s also provided a framework for spreading democratic ideals . Jefferson proposed an article in the Ordinance of 1784 that would have outlawed slavery in the new states after the year 1800 . However he could not amass enough votes to pass the anti-slavery article . Later Jefferson did succeed, however, in ensuring public funding of education by dedicating land to education in the Land Ordinance of 1785 . Public education was an ideal already developed in the New England colonial settlements . New Englanders provided for public education in their land grants due to a belief that public education could be used to further unite the young nation and spread democratic ideals . </P> <P> The systematic and highly organized westward settlements, with their local governments and central square dedicated towards public education were a concerted effort to inspire civic duty and participation in the democratic process . Usher relates this initiative to "the Supreme Court in Cooper v. Roberts (1855),' plant in the heart of every community the same sentiments of grateful reverence for the wisdom, forecast, and magnanimous statesmanship of those who framed the institutions of these new States ." The westward expansion therefore was not only a tool for raising much needed funds, but also a tool in a grand socializing experiment to inoculate the settlers to democratic ideals . The hope was that the unique planning of each township with a public school centrally located, coupled with the obligation of each township's local citizens to take part in the civic process of governing the township, teaching and building the schools, and maintaining order, would instill the democratic ideals crucial to the nation's success . </P>

Which of the following was a direct result of the federal surveys of the west