<P> While the median endpoint ratio is a relative speed measure, the hazard ratio is not . The relationship between treatment effect and the hazard ratio is given as e β (\ displaystyle e ^ (\ beta)). A statistically important, but practically insignificant effect can produce a large hazard ratio, e.g. a treatment increasing the number of one - year survivors in a population from one in 10,000 to one in 1,000 has a hazard ratio of 10 . It is unlikely that such a treatment would have had much impact on the median endpoint time ratio, which likely would have been close to unity, i.e. mortality was largely the same regardless of group membership and clinically insignificant . </P> <P> By contrast, a treatment group in which 50% of infections are resolved after one week (versus 25% in the control) yields a hazard ratio of two . If it takes ten weeks for all cases in the treatment group and half of cases in the control group to resolve, the ten - week hazard ratio remains at two, but the median endpoint time ratio is ten, a clinically significant difference . </P>

What does it mean to have a hazard ratio of 1