<P> There were some exceptions to removal . Approximately 100 Cherokees evaded the U.S. soldiers and lived off the land in Georgia and other states . Those Cherokees who lived on private, individually owned lands (rather than communally owned tribal land) were not subject to removal . In North Carolina, about 400 Cherokees, known as the Oconaluftee Cherokee, lived on land in the Great Smoky Mountains owned by a white man named William Holland Thomas (who had been adopted by Cherokees as a boy), and were thus not subject to removal . Added to this were some 200 Cherokee from the Nantahala area allowed to stay in the Qualla Boundary after assisting the U.S. Army in hunting down and capturing the family of the old prophet, Tsali (who faced a firing squad after capture). These North Carolina Cherokees became the Eastern Band of the Cherokee Nation . </P> <P> The United States Court of Claims ruled in favor of the Eastern Cherokee Tribe's claim against the U.S. on May 18, 1905 . This resulted in the appropriation of $1 million (equal to $27,438,023.04 today) to the Tribe's eligible individuals and families . Interior Department employee Guion Miller created a list using several rolls and applications to verify tribal enrollment for the distribution of funds, known as the Guion Miller Roll . The applications received documented over 125,000 individuals; the court approved more than 30,000 individuals to share in the funds . </P> <Table> <Tr> <Th> Nation </Th> <Th> Population east of the Mississippi before removal treaty </Th> <Th> Removal treaty & year signed </Th> <Th> Years of major emigration </Th> <Th> Total number emigrated or forcibly removed </Th> <Th> Number stayed in Southeast </Th> <Th> Deaths during removal </Th> <Th> Deaths from warfare </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Choctaw </Td> <Td> 19,554 + white citizens of the Choctaw Nation + 500 black slaves </Td> <Td> Dancing Rabbit Creek (1830) </Td> <Td> 1831--1836 </Td> <Td> 12,500 </Td> <Td> 7,000 </Td> <Td> 2,000--4,000 + (Cholera) </Td> <Td> none </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Creek </Td> <Td> 22,700 + 900 black slaves </Td> <Td> Cusseta (1832) </Td> <Td> 1834--1837 </Td> <Td> 19,600 </Td> <Td> 100s </Td> <Td> 3,500 (disease after removal) </Td> <Td>? (Second Creek War) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Chickasaw </Td> <Td> 4,914 + 1,156 black slaves </Td> <Td> Pontotoc Creek (1832) </Td> <Td> 1837--1847 </Td> <Td> over 4,000 </Td> <Td> 100s </Td> <Td> 500--800 </Td> <Td> none </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Cherokee </Td> <Td> 21,500 + 2,000 black slaves </Td> <Td> New Echota (1835) </Td> <Td> 1836--1838 </Td> <Td> 20,000 + 2,000 slaves </Td> <Td> 1,000 </Td> <Td> 2,000--8,000 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Seminole </Td> <Td> 5,000 + fugitive slaves </Td> <Td> Payne's Landing (1832) </Td> <Td> 1832--1842 </Td> <Td> 2,833 </Td> <Td> 250 500 </Td> <Td> 700 (Second Seminole War) </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> </Table> <Tr> <Th> Nation </Th> <Th> Population east of the Mississippi before removal treaty </Th> <Th> Removal treaty & year signed </Th> <Th> Years of major emigration </Th> <Th> Total number emigrated or forcibly removed </Th> <Th> Number stayed in Southeast </Th> <Th> Deaths during removal </Th> <Th> Deaths from warfare </Th> </Tr>

How many people died in the trail of tears
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