<Table> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> This article includes a list of references, related reading or external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations . Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations . (December 2014) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) </Td> </Tr> </Table> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> This article includes a list of references, related reading or external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations . Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations . (December 2014) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) </Td> </Tr> <P> The culture of Papua New Guinea is many - sided and complex . It is estimated that more than 7000 different cultural groups exist in Papua New Guinea, and most groups have their own language . Because of this diversity, in which they take pride, many different styles of cultural expression have emerged; each group has created its own expressive forms in art, dance, weaponry, costumes, singing, music, architecture and much more . To unify the nation, the language Tok Pisin, once called Neo-Melanesian (or Pidgin English) has evolved as the lingua franca--the medium through which diverse language groups are able to communicate with one another in Parliament, in the news media, and elsewhere . People typically live in villages or dispersed hamlets which rely on the subsistence farming of yams and taro . The principal livestock in traditional Papua New Guinea is the oceanic pig (Sus papuensis). </P> <P> On the Sepik River, there is a world - renowned tradition of wood carving . These carvers create forms of plants or animals, because they believe these are their ancestor beings and because they feel they are beautiful . They also create traditional skull portraits . Also well represented in the collections of museums around the world is the Malagan art tradition of New Ireland . Gunn, Michael; Phillipe Feltier (2006). New Ireland: Art of the South Pacific . Milan: Continents Editions . ISBN 88 - 7439 - 369 - 5 . </P>

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