<P> In all, 2.2 million men served in the Union army; 360,000 of whom died from all causes--two - thirds from disease . The Volunteer Army was demobilized in summer 1865 . </P> <P> While the Confederacy suffered from a worsening lack of adequate supplies, the Union forces typically had enough food, supplies, ammunition and weapons . The Union supply system, even as it penetrated deeper into the South, maintained its efficiency . The key leader was Quartermaster General Montgomery C. Meigs . Union quartermasters were responsible for most of the $3 billion spent for the war . They operated out of sixteen major depots, which formed the basis of the system of procurement and supply throughout the war . As the war expanded, operation of these depots became much more complex, with an overlapping and interweaving relationship between the Army and government operated factories, private factories, and numerous middlemen . The purchase of goods and services through contracts supervised by the quartermasters accounted for most of federal military expenditures, apart from the wages of the soldiers . The quartermasters supervised their own soldiers, and cooperated closely with state officials, manufacturers and wholesalers trying to sell directly to the army; and representatives of civilian workers looking for higher pay at government factories . The complex system was closely monitored by congressmen anxious to ensure that their districts won their share of contracts . </P> <P> Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation of January 1, 1863, enabled both free blacks and escaped slaves, to join the Union Army . About 190,000 volunteered, further enhancing the numerical advantage the Union armies enjoyed over the Confederates, who did not dare emulate the equivalent manpower source for fear of fundamentally undermining the legitimacy of slavery . Black Union soldiers were mostly used in garrison duty, but they fought in several battles, such as the Battle of the Crater (1864), and the Battle of Nashville (1865). </P> <P> There was bad blood between Confederates and black soldiers, with no quarter given on either side . At Ft . Pillow on April 12, 1864 Confederate units under Maj. Gen. Nathan Bedford Forrest went wild and massacred black soldiers attempting to surrender, which further inflamed passions . </P>

Who had more resources and power during the revolutionary war