<P> A number of former Liberal Democrat ministers who were defeated in 2015 stood for election in their former seats, including Vince Cable in Twickenham, Ed Davey in Kingston and Surbiton, Jo Swinson in East Dunbartonshire, and Simon Hughes in Bermondsey and Old Southwark . After David Ward, the former MP for Bradford East, was dropped as a candidate by the Liberal Democrats for anti-semitism, he ran as an independent in his former seat . </P> <P> Ahead of the general election, crowdfunding groups such as More United and Open Britain were formed to promote candidates of similar views standing for election, and a "progressive alliance" was proposed . Former UKIP donor Arron Banks suggested a "patriotic alliance" movement . Tactical voting to keep the Conservatives out of government was suggested on social media . Gina Miller, who took the government to court over Article 50, set out plans to tour marginal constituencies in support of pro-EU candidates . </P> <P> Within a few days of the election being announced, the Green Party and the SNP each proposed to collaborate with Labour and the Liberal Democrats to prevent a Conservative majority government . Lib Dem leader Tim Farron quickly reaffirmed his party's opposition to an electoral pact or coalition with Labour, citing "electorally toxic" Corbyn and concerns over Labour's position on Brexit . On 22 April the Liberal Democrats also ruled out a coalition deal with the Conservatives and SNP . Labour ruled out an electoral pact with the SNP, Liberal Democrats and Greens . </P> <P> Notwithstanding national arrangements, the Liberal Democrats, the Greens and UKIP indicated they might not stand in every constituency . The Green Party chose not to contest 22 seats in England and Wales explicitly "to increase the chance of a progressive candidate beating the Conservatives", including in South West Surrey, the seat of Health Secretary Jeremy Hunt, in favour of the National Health Action Party candidate . The Scottish Greens contested just three constituencies . The Liberal Democrats agreed to stand down in Brighton Pavilion . After indicating they may not nominate candidates in seats held by strongly pro-Brexit Conservative MPs, UKIP nominated 377 candidates; it was suggested this would help the Conservatives in marginal seats . </P>

When is the results of the general election 2017