<Li> ^ Jump up to: Hall (2014). </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Restad, Penne L. (1996). Christmas in America: A History . Oxford University Press . p. 147 . ISBN 978 - 0 - 19 - 510980 - 1 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Belk, Russell W. (Spring 1987). "A Child's Christmas in America: Santa Claus as Deity, Consumption as Religion". he Journal of American Culture . 10 (1): 87--100 (p. 89). doi: 10.1111 / j. 1542 - 734X. 1987.1001 _87. x . </Li> <Li> ^ Jump up to: Bergman (2011). </Li>

When did the elf first appear in stories