<P> The only film Cage produced was one of the Number Pieces, One, commissioned by composer and film director Henning Lohner who worked with Cage to produce and direct the 90 - minute monochrome film . It was completed only weeks before his death in 1992 . One consists entirely of images of chance - determined play of electric light . It premiered in Cologne, Germany, on September 19, 1992, accompanied by the live performance of the orchestra piece 103 . </P> <P> Throughout his adult life, Cage was also active as lecturer and writer . Some of his lectures were included in several books he published, the first of which was Silence: Lectures and Writings (1961). Silence included not only simple lectures, but also texts executed in experimental layouts, and works such as Lecture on Nothing (1949), which were composed in rhythmic structures . Subsequent books also featured different types of content, from lectures on music to poetry--Cage's mesostics . </P> <P> Cage was also an avid amateur mycologist . He co-founded the New York Mycological Society with four friends, and his mycology collection is presently housed by the Special Collections department of the McHenry Library at the University of California, Santa Cruz . </P> <P> Cage's pre-chance works, particularly pieces from the late 1940s such as Sonatas and Interludes, earned critical acclaim: the Sonatas were performed at Carnegie Hall in 1949 . Cage's adoption of chance operations in 1951 cost him a number of friendships and led to numerous criticisms from fellow composers . Adherents of serialism such as Pierre Boulez and Karlheinz Stockhausen dismissed indeterminate music; Boulez, who was once on friendly terms with Cage, criticized him for "adoption of a philosophy tinged with Orientalism that masks a basic weakness in compositional technique ." Prominent critics of serialism, such as the Greek composer Iannis Xenakis, were similarly hostile towards Cage: for Xenakis, the adoption of chance in music was "an abuse of language and (...) an abrogation of a composer's function ." </P>

Who invented the prepared piano and incorporated chance music and silence into his compositions