<P> The Second International Conference on Closed Life Systems defined biospherics as the science and technology of analogs and models of Earth's biosphere; i.e., artificial Earth - like biospheres . Others may include the creation of artificial non-Earth biospheres--for example, human - centered biospheres or a native Martian biosphere--as part of the topic of biospherics . </P> <P> The earliest evidence for life on Earth includes biogenic graphite found in 3.7 billion - year - old metasedimentary rocks from Western Greenland and microbial mat fossils found in 3.48 billion - year - old sandstone from Western Australia . More recently, in 2015, "remains of biotic life" were found in 4.1 billion - year - old rocks in Western Australia . In 2017, putative fossilized microorganisms (or microfossils) were announced to have been discovered in hydrothermal vent precipitates in the Nuvvuagittuq Belt of Quebec, Canada that were as old as 4.28 billion years, the oldest record of life on earth, suggesting "an almost instantaneous emergence of life" after ocean formation 4.4 billion years ago, and not long after the formation of the Earth 4.54 billion years ago . According to one of the researchers, "If life arose relatively quickly on Earth...then it could be common in the universe ." </P> <P> Every part of the planet, from the polar ice caps to the equator, features life of some kind . Recent advances in microbiology have demonstrated that microbes live deep beneath the Earth's terrestrial surface, and that the total mass of microbial life in so - called "uninhabitable zones" may, in biomass, exceed all animal and plant life on the surface . The actual thickness of the biosphere on earth is difficult to measure . Birds typically fly at altitudes as high as 1,800 m (5,900 ft; 1.1 mi) and fish live as much as 8,372 m (27,467 ft; 5.202 mi) underwater in the Puerto Rico Trench . </P> <P> There are more extreme examples for life on the planet: Rüppell's vulture has been found at altitudes of 11,300 m (37,100 ft; 7.0 mi); bar - headed geese migrate at altitudes of at least 8,300 m (27,200 ft; 5.2 mi); yaks live at elevations as high as 5,400 m (17,700 ft; 3.4 mi) above sea level; mountain goats live up to 3,050 m (10,010 ft; 1.90 mi). Herbivorous animals at these elevations depend on lichens, grasses, and herbs . </P>

Which is the right combination of earth’s spheres