<Li> RNase protection assay and ChIP - Chip of RNAP: detect active transcription sites </Li> <Li> RT - PCR: measures the absolute abundance of total or nuclear RNA levels, which may however differ from transcription rates </Li> <Li> DNA microarrays: measures the relative abundance of the global total or nuclear RNA levels; however, these may differ from transcription rates </Li> <Li> In situ hybridization: detects the presence of a transcript </Li>

Step 1 transcribe the information in dna to mrna