<P> In Australia's most populous State, New South Wales, preventive detention regimes have established powers to detain or to continuously monitor and limit particular activities of those who were once convicted of various serious sexual and violent offences . Recently, this has been extended, with the State government now able to control the free movement, speech, association and work of individuals and businesses via Serious Crime Prevention Orders (' SCPOs'). Based on provisions in the United Kingdom, a range of state officials may apply to the NSW District or Supreme Courts to create an SCPO consisting of any conditions they consider appropriate . These conditions may include positive obligations - such as an obligation to report to a police station - or negative' prohibitions' or' restrictions', for instance, a prohibition on travelling beyond a certain location . Failure to comply with the SCPO, carries with it a maximum penalty of five years' imprisonment . </P> <P> SCPOs have been described as a "watershed extension of state power in New South Wales" by legal academics, and were strongly opposed by the legal community when they were introduced and passed into with less than two weeks' consideration by the Parliament of NSW . </P> <P> In Canada, anyone declared a dangerous offender by the courts is subject to an indefinite period of detention </P> <P> In Costa Rica, the 1998 Criminal Proceedings Code allows for a normal pre-trial "prisión preventiva" or remand of 12 months if the person is considered a "flight risk", but if the case is declared "complex", it can be increased to up to three years and a half of imprisonment without conviction, or even more in some cases . As of 23 May 2013, over 3,000 people were in pre-trial detention . </P>

When was the first preventive detention law passed