<P> High isolation is used to prevent the spread of unusually highly contagious, or high consequence, infectious diseases (e.g., smallpox, Ebola virus). It stipulates mandatory use of: (1) gloves (or double gloves if appropriate), (2) protective eyewear (goggles or face shield), (3) a waterproof gown (or total body Tyvek suit, if appropriate), and (4) a respirator (at least FFP2 or N95 NIOSH equivalent), not simply a surgical mask . Sometimes negative pressure rooms or powered air - purifying respirators (PAPRs) are also used . </P> <P> Isolation can have the following negative effects on patients and staff: </P> <Ul> <Li> Patient may not be able to receive visitors, and in turn, become lonely </Li> <Li> Patient may be anxious </Li> <Li> Small children may feel their isolation is a punishment </Li> <Li> Staff may need to spend more time with patients </Li> <Li> Patients may not be able to receive certain types of care due to the risk that other patients may become contaminated . This includes forms of care that involve use of equipment common to all patients at the facility, or that involve transporting the patient to an area of the facility common to all patients . </Li> </Ul> <Li> Patient may not be able to receive visitors, and in turn, become lonely </Li>

3 types of isolation in the isolation process