<P> Colorectal tumors with MSI are found in the right colon, associated with poor differentiated tissue, high mucinogens, tumor infiltrating lymphocytes, and a presence of a Crohn's - like host response . MSI - H tumors contributing to colorectal cancer exhibit less metastasis than other derived colorectal cancer . This is demonstrated by previous research showing that MSI - H tumors are more representative in Stage II rather than Stage III cancers . </P> <P> Scientists have explored the connection of vacuolar protein sorting (VPS) proteins to MSI . Like MSI, VPS is linked to gastric and colon cancers . One study reports that VPS proteins were linked to MSI - H cancers, but not MSI - L cancers, thus restricting VPS to MSI - H - specific cancers . </P> <P> Furthermore, researchers agree that MSI - H status indicates the diagnosis of Lynch syndrome, non-metastatic prognosis, and less aggressive treatment regimens . Lynch syndrome is caused by MSI and increases the risk for colon, endometrium, ovary, stomach, small intestine, hepatobiliary tract, urinary tract, brain, and skin cancers . </P> <P> One study conducted over 120 Lynch syndrome patients attributing Crohn's like reaction (CLR) associated with MSI to "tumor specific neopeptides generated during MSI - H carcinogenesis ." This study further corroborated that the "presence of antimetastatic immune protection in MSI - H CRC patients may explain recent findings that adjuvant 5 - FU chemotherapy has no beneficial or even adverse effects in this collective ." The researchers assume that there is a protective role of lymphocytes against the MSI - H CRC that prevents tumor metastasis . </P>

Microsatellite instability-high (msi-h) or mismatch repair deficient (dmmr)