<P> The name cranberry derives from "craneberry", first named by early European settlers in America who felt the expanding flower, stem, calyx, and petals resembled the neck, head, and bill of a crane . Another name used in northeastern Canada is mossberry . The traditional English name for Vaccinium oxycoccos, fenberry, originated from plants found growing in fen (marsh) lands . In 17th - century New England cranberries were sometimes called "bearberries" as bears were often seen feeding on them . </P> <P> In North America, Native Americans were the first to use cranberries as food . Native Americans used cranberries in a variety of foods, especially for pemmican, wound medicine, and dye . Calling the red berries Sassamanash, Algonquian peoples may have introduced cranberries to starving English settlers in Massachusetts who incorporated the berries into traditional Thanksgiving feasts . American Revolutionary War veteran Henry Hall is credited as first to farm cranberries in the Cape Cod town of Dennis around 1816 . In the 1820s cranberries were shipped to Europe . Cranberries became popular for wild harvesting in the Nordic countries and Russia . In Scotland the berries were originally wild - harvested, but with the loss of suitable habitat, the plants have become so scarce that this is no longer done . </P> <P> Cranberries are a major commercial crop in the U.S. states of Massachusetts, New Jersey, Oregon, Washington, and Wisconsin, as well as in the Canadian provinces of British Columbia, New Brunswick, Ontario, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland and Quebec . British Columbia's Fraser River Valley region produces 17 million kg of cranberries annually from 1,150 hectares, about 95% of total Canadian production . In the United States, Wisconsin is the leading producer of cranberries, with over half of U.S. production . Massachusetts is the second largest U.S. producer . Small volume production occurs in southern Argentina, Chile and the Netherlands . </P> <P> Historically, cranberry beds were constructed in wetlands . Today's cranberry beds are constructed in upland areas with a shallow water table . The topsoil is scraped off to form dykes around the bed perimeter . Clean sand is hauled in and spread to a depth of four to eight inches . The surface is laser leveled flat to provide even drainage . Beds are frequently drained with socked tile in addition to the perimeter ditch . In addition to making it possible to hold water, the dykes allow equipment to service the beds without driving on the vines . Irrigation equipment is installed in the bed to provide irrigation for vine growth and for spring and autumn frost protection . </P>

Where are cranberries grown in the united states
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