<P> The Philadelphia Convention set up the current United States; the United States Constitution ratification the following year made the states part of a single republic with a limited central government . The Bill of Rights, comprising ten constitutional amendments guaranteeing many fundamental civil rights and freedoms, was ratified in 1791 . </P> <P> The decolonization of the Americas was the process by which the countries in the Americas gained their independence from European rule . Decolonization began with a series of revolutions in the late 18th and early - to - mid-19th centuries . The Spanish American wars of independence were the numerous wars against Spanish rule in Spanish America that took place during the early 19th century, from 1808 until 1829, directly related to the Napoleonic French invasion of Spain . The conflict started with short - lived governing juntas established in Chuquisaca and Quito opposing the composition of the Supreme Central Junta of Seville . </P> <Table> <Tr> <Td> <Dl> <Dt> Decolonization of the Americas </Dt> </Dl> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> <Ul> <Li> <P> Countries in the Americas by date of independence . Note that the United States did not complete its continental territorial expansion until 1867 </P> </Li> <Li> <P> Development of Spanish American Independence </P> </Li> <Li> <P> Map of territories that became independent during those wars (blue). </P> </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> </Table> <Tr> <Td> <Dl> <Dt> Decolonization of the Americas </Dt> </Dl> </Td> </Tr>

When did the modern age start in india