<P> The position of the Arctic Circle is not fixed; as of 27 February 2018, it runs 66 ° 33 ′ 47.1" north of the Equator . Its latitude depends on the Earth's axial tilt, which fluctuates within a margin of 2 ° over a 40,000 - year period, due to tidal forces resulting from the orbit of the Moon . Consequently, the Arctic Circle is currently drifting northwards at a speed of about 15 metres (49 feet) per year . </P> <P> The word arctic comes from the Greek word ἀρκτικός (arktikos: "near the Bear, northern") and that from the word ἄρκτος (arktos: "bear"). </P> <P> The Arctic Circle is the southernmost latitude in the Northern Hemisphere at which the sun can remain continuously above or below the horizon for twenty - four hours; as a result, at least once each year at any location within the Arctic Circle the sun is visible at local midnight, and at least once it is not visible at local noon . </P> <P> Directly on the Arctic Circle these events occur, in principle, exactly once per year: at the June and December solstices, respectively . However, because of atmospheric refraction and mirages, and because the sun appears as a disk and not a point, part of the midnight sun may be seen on the night of the northern summer solstice up to about 50 minutes (′) (90 km (56 mi)) south of the Arctic Circle; similarly, on the day of the northern winter solstice, part of the sun may be seen up to about 50 ′ north of the Arctic Circle . That is true at sea level; those limits increase with elevation above sea level, although in mountainous regions there is often no direct view of the true horizon . </P>

What country does the north pole lie in