<P> In response to the army rebellion, an anarchist - inspired movement of peasants and workers, supported by armed militias, took control of Barcelona and of large areas of rural Spain where they collectivised the land . The events known as the Spanish Revolution was a workers' social revolution that began during the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War in 1936 and resulted in the widespread implementation of anarchist and more broadly libertarian socialist organisational principles throughout various portions of the country for two to three years, primarily Catalonia, Aragon, Andalusia and parts of the Levante . </P> <P> Much of Spain's economy was put under worker control and in anarchist strongholds like Catalonia the figure was as high as 75%, but lower in areas with heavy Communist Party of Spain influence, as the Soviet - allied party actively resisted attempts at collectivisation enactment . Factories were run through worker committees, agrarian areas became collectivised and run as libertarian communes . Anarchist historian Sam Dolgoff estimated that about eight million people participated directly or indirectly in the Spanish Revolution . </P> <P> Leon Trotsky's Fourth International was established in France in 1938 when Trotskyists argued that the Comintern or Third International had become irretrievably "lost to Stalinism" and thus incapable of leading the international working class to political power . The rise of Nazism and the start of World War II led to the dissolution of the LSI in 1940 . After the War, the Socialist International was formed in Frankfurt in July 1951 as a successor to the LSI . </P> <P> After World War II, social democratic governments introduced social reform and wealth redistribution via state welfare and taxation . Social democratic parties dominated post-war politics in countries such as France, Italy, Czechoslovakia, Belgium and Norway . At one point, France claimed to be the world's most state - controlled capitalist country . The nationalised public utilities included Charbonnages de France (CDF), Electricité de France (EDF), Gaz de France (GDF), Air France, Banque de France and Régie Nationale des Usines Renault . </P>

Role of education in socialism as a cultural function