<Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> This section needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . (November 2014) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) </Td> </Tr> <P> The ancient world lacked standardized forensic practices, which aided criminals in escaping punishment . Criminal investigations and trials heavily relied on forced confessions and witness testimony . However, ancient sources do contain several accounts of techniques that foreshadow concepts in forensic science that were developed centuries later . </P> <P> The first written account of using medicine and entomology to solve criminal cases is attributed to the book of Xi Yuan Lu (translated as Washing Away of Wrongs), written in China by Song Ci (宋慈, 1186--1249) in 1248, who was a director of justice, jail and supervision, during the Song Dynasty . </P> <P> Song Ci ruled regulation about autopsy report for court, how to protect the evidence in the examining process, the reason why workers must show examination to public impartiality . He concluded methods that how to make antiseptic and to reappear the hidden injure from dead bodies and bones, (using sunlight under red - oil umbrella and vinegar); how to calculate the death time (according to weather and insects); how to wash dead body for examining the different reasons of death . At that time, the book had given methods to distinguish suicide or pretending suicide . </P>

Who was the first to apply forensics science to a working crime laboratory