<P> The departure of so many royal officials, rich merchants and landed gentry destroyed the hierarchical networks that had dominated most of the colonies . In New York, the departure of key members of the DeLancy, DePester Walton and Cruger families undercut the interlocking families that largely owned and controlled the Hudson Valley . Likewise in Pennsylvania, the departure of powerful families--Penn, Allen, Chew, Shippen--destroyed the cohesion of the old upper class there . Massachusetts passed an act banishing forty - six Boston merchants in 1778, including members of some of Boston's wealthiest families . The departure of families such as the Ervings, Winslows, Clarks, and Lloyds deprived Massachusetts of men who had hitherto been leaders of networks of family and clients . The bases of the men who replaced them were much different . One rich Patriot in Boston noted in 1779 that "fellows who would have cleaned my shoes five years ago, have amassed fortunes and are riding in chariots ." New men became rich merchants but they shared a spirit of republican equality that replaced the former elitism . </P> <Ul> <Li> John Singleton Copley painted many prominent Loyalists and produced an oil - on - canvas depiction of a SMD wearing the uniform of the Royal Ethiopian Regiment (a regiment composed of black Loyalist soldiers) in The Death of Major Pierson (1784). </Li> <Li> Benjamin West characterized the ethnic and economic diversity of the Loyalists in his Reception of the American Loyalists by Great Britain in the Year 1783 . The original painting was lost, but a smaller version of it can be seen in the background of West's portrait of John Eardley Wilmot . </Li> <Li> Gilbert Stuart painted a portrait of James DeLancey around 1785 . It stays in the collection of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, a bequest of his descendant George DeLancey Harris, Jr. of New York City & Annapolis Royal, NS . </Li> </Ul> <Li> John Singleton Copley painted many prominent Loyalists and produced an oil - on - canvas depiction of a SMD wearing the uniform of the Royal Ethiopian Regiment (a regiment composed of black Loyalist soldiers) in The Death of Major Pierson (1784). </Li> <Li> Benjamin West characterized the ethnic and economic diversity of the Loyalists in his Reception of the American Loyalists by Great Britain in the Year 1783 . The original painting was lost, but a smaller version of it can be seen in the background of West's portrait of John Eardley Wilmot . </Li>

What part of the state was a tory stronghold