<P> The religion of ancient Greece was a form of nature worship that grew out of the beliefs of earlier cultures . However, unlike earlier cultures, man was no longer perceived as being threatened by nature, but as its sublime product . The natural elements were personified as gods of completely human form, and very human behaviour . </P> <P> The home of the gods was thought to be Olympus, the highest mountain in Greece . The most important deities were: Zeus, the supreme god and ruler of the sky; Hera, his wife and goddess of marriage; Athena, goddess of wisdom; Poseidon, god of the sea; Demeter, goddess of the harvest; Apollo, god of the sun, law, healing, plague, reason, music and poetry; Artemis, goddess of the moon, the hunt and the wilderness; Aphrodite, goddess of love; Ares, God of war; Hermes, god of commerce and travelers, Hephaestus, god of fire and metalwork, and Dionysus, god of wine and fruit - bearing plants . Worship, like many other activities, was done in community, in the open . However, by 600 BC, the gods were often represented by large statues and it was necessary to provide a building in which each of these could be housed . This led to the development of temples . </P> <P> The ancient Greeks perceived order in the universe, and in turn, applied order and reason to their creations . Their humanist philosophy put mankind at the centre of things, and promoted well - ordered societies and the development of democracy . At the same time, the respect for human intellect demanded reason, and promoted a passion for enquiry, logic, challenge, and problem solving . The architecture of the ancient Greeks, and in particular, temple architecture, responds to these challenges with a passion for beauty, and for order and symmetry which is the product of a continual search for perfection, rather than a simple application of a set of working rules . </P> <P> There is a clear division between the architecture of the preceding Mycenaean culture and Minoan cultures and that of the ancient Greeks, the techniques and an understanding of their style being lost when these civilisations fell . </P>

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