<P> Other three subunits catalyze the ATP synthesis . The other F subunits γ, δ, ε (\ displaystyle \ gamma, \ delta, \ epsilon) are a part of a rotational motor mechanism . γ (\ displaystyle \ gamma) subunit allows β (\ displaystyle \ beta) to go through conformational changes, i.e. closed, half open and open states allows for ATP to be bound and released once synthesized . The F particle is large and can be seen in the transmission electron microscope by negative staining . These are particles of 9 nm diameter that pepper the inner mitochondrial membrane . </P> <Table> F--Subunits <Tr> <Th> Subunit </Th> <Th> Human Gene </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> alpha </Td> <Td> ATP5A1, ATPAF2 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> beta </Td> <Td> ATP5B, ATPAF1, C16orf7 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> gamma </Td> <Td> ATP5C1 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> delta </Td> <Td> ATP5D </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> epsilon </Td> <Td> ATP5E </Td> </Tr> </Table> <Tr> <Th> Subunit </Th> <Th> Human Gene </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> alpha </Td> <Td> ATP5A1, ATPAF2 </Td> </Tr>

In chloroplasts the enzyme atp synthase couples the synthesis of atp to