<Tr> <Td> Teflon </Td> <Td> 6999250000000000000 ♠ 0.250 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Material </Th> <Th> Thermal conductivity (W m K) </Th> <Th> Notes </Th> </Tr> <Table> <Tr> <Th> Material </Th> <Th> Thermal conductivity (W m K) </Th> <Th> Temperature (K) </Th> <Th> Electrical conductivity @ 293 K (Ω m) </Th> <Th> Notes </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Acrylic Glass (Plexiglas V045i) </Td> <Td> 6999186670000000000 ♠ 0.17 - 0.19 - 0.2 </Td> <Td> 7002296000000000000 ♠ 296 </Td> <Td> 6986125000000000000 ♠ 7.143 E-15 - 5.0 E-14 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Air, macrostructure </Td> <Td> 6998242500000000000 ♠ 0.024 - 0.025 0.0262 (1 bar) 0.0457 (1 bar) Formula Values d = 1 centimeter Standard Atmospheric Pressure 0.0209 0.0235 0.0260 0.1 atmosphere 0.0209 0.0235 0.0260 0.01 atmospheres 0.0209 0.0235 0.0259 0.001 atmospheres 0.0205 0.0230 0.0254 0.0001 atmospheres 0.0178 0.0196 0.0212 10 atmospheres 0.00760 0.00783 0.00800 10 atmospheres 0.00113 0.00112 0.00111 10 atmospheres 0.000119 0.000117 0.000115 </Td> <Td> 7002284250000000000 ♠ 273 - 293 - 298 300 600 233.2 266.5 299.9 233.2 266.5 299.9 233.2 266.5 299.9 233.2 266.5 299.9 233.2 266.5 299.9 233.2 266.5 299.9 233.2 266.5 299.9 233.2 266.5 299.9 </Td> <Td> 6985539000000000000 ♠ hiAerosols2. 95 - loAerosols7. 83 × 10 </Td> <Td> (78.03% N, 21% O, + 0.93% Ar, + 0.04% CO) (1 atm) All formula values calculated from the Lasance formula: Lasance, Clemens J., "The Thermal Conductivity of Air at Reduced Pressures and Length Scales," Electronics Cooling, November 2002 . Plate separation = one centimeter . The primary values were taken from Weast at the normal pressures table in the CRC handbook on page E2 . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Air, microstructure </Td> <Td> Formula Values d = 1 millimeter Standard Atmospheric Pressure 0.0209 0.0235 0.0260 0.1 atmosphere 0.0209 0.0235 0.0259 0.01 atmospheres 0.0205 0.0230 0.0254 0.001 atmospheres 0.0178 0.0196 0.0212 0.0001 atmospheres 0.00760 0.00783 0.00800 10 atmospheres 0.00113 0.00112 0.00111 10 atmospheres 0.000119 0.000117 0.000115 10 atmospheres 0.0000119 0.0000117 0.0000116 List </Td> <Td> 233.2 266.5 299.9 233.2 266.5 299.9 233.2 266.5 299.9 233.2 266.5 299.9 233.2 266.5 299.9 233.2 266.5 299.9 233.2 266.5 299.9 233.2 266.5 299.9 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> All values calculated from the Lasance formula: Lasance, Clemens J., "The Thermal Conductivity of Air at Reduced Pressures and Length Scales," Electronics Cooling, November 2002 . Plate separation = one millimeter . Note that no amount of vacuum will obstruct thermal radiation . Instead the most effective vacuum insulation that is found in the literature has numerous foils in it . Such insulation has been reported with total heat transfer as low as 0.0001 W ⋅ m ⋅ K through some low temperature intervals that sound like they might extend with one end of them up to room temperature sometimes . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Alcohols OR Oils </Td> <Td> 6999157000000000000 ♠ 0.1 - 0.110 - 0.21 - 0.212 </Td> <Td> 7002297000000000000 ♠ 293 - 298 - 300 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Aluminum, alloy </Td> <Td> Mannchen 1931: 92% Aluminum, 8% Magnesium Cast 72.8 100.0 126.4 139.8 Annealed 76.6 104.6 120.1 135.6 88% Aluminum, 12% Magnesium Cast 56.1 77.4 101.3 118.4 Mever - Rassler 1940: 93.0% Aluminum, 7.0% Magnesium 108.7 List </Td> <Td> 87 273 373 476 87 273 373 476 87 273 373 476 348.2 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Mannchen, W., Z Metalik...23, 193 - 6, 1931 in TPRC Volume 1 pages 478, 479 and 1447 . <P> Mever - Rassler . The Mever - Rassler alloy has a density of 2.63 g cm . Mever - Rassler, F., Metallwirtschaft. 19, 713 - 21, 1940 in Volume 1 pages 478, 479 and 1464 . </P> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Aluminum, pure </Td> <Td> 7002226800000000000 ♠ 204.3 - 205 - 220 - 237 - 250 214.6 249.3 TPRC Aluminum 4102 8200 12100 15700 18800 21300 22900 23800 24000 23500 22700 20200 17600 11700 7730 3180 (?) 2380 1230 754 532 414 344 302 248 237 236 237 240 237 232 226 220 213 List CRC Aluminum 780 1550 2320 3080 3810 4510 5150 5730 6220 6610 6900 7080 7150 7130 7020 6840 6350 5650 4000 2850 2100 1600 1250 1000 670 500 400 340 300 247 237 235 236 237 240 240 237 232 226 220 213 List </Td> <Td> 7002379000000000000 ♠ 293 - 298 366 478 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 13 15 20 25 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 150 200 273.2 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 18 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 60 70 80 90 100 150 200 250 273 300 350 400 500 600 700 800 900 </Td> <Td> 7007375939849624060 ♠ 37,450,000 - 37,740,000 </Td> <Td> The TPRC list is the estimate of the Thermophysical Properties Research Center which was sponsored by the government in the 1960s . Performing Organization: Purdue University . Controlling Organization: Defense Logistics Agency . Documented summaries from numerous scientific journals and etc. and critical estimates . 17000 pages in 13 volumes . TPRC pure aluminum is aluminum that is 99.9999% pure aluminum and residual electrical resistivity ρ = 0.000593 μΩ cm . By comparison CRC pure aluminum is aluminum that is 99.996 +% pure aluminum and ρ at 4.2 Kelvins is used approximately as ρ . In any case the CRC kind of pure aluminum has its CRC kind of ρ = 0.00315 μΩ cm . CRC handbook, 48th Edition, E-10 . This material is superconductive (electrical) at temperatures below 1.183 Kelvins . Weast page E-78 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Aluminum nitride </Td> <Td> 7002178333000000000 ♠ 170 - 175 - 190 </Td> <Td> 7002293000000000000 ♠ 293 </Td> <Td> 6989100009999900000 ♠ 1 × 10 ^ </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Aluminum oxide </Td> <Td> Pure 7001340000000000000 ♠ 26 - 30 - 35 - 39 - 40 NBS, Ordinary 27 16 10.5 8.0 6.6 5.9 5.6 5.6 6.0 7.2 Slip Cast: 11.1 10.0 8.37 7.95 6.90 5.86 5.65 5.65 5.65 Sapphire 15.5 13.9 12.4 10.6 8.71 8.04 7.68 7.59 7.61 7.86 8.13 8.49 </Td> <Td> 7002293000000000000 ♠ 293 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200 613.2 688.2 703.2 873.2 943.2 1033.2 1093 1203.2 1258.2 591.5 651.2 690.2 775.2 957.2 1073.2 1173.2 1257.2 1313.2 1384.2 14X9. 2 1508.2 </Td> <Td> 6988100000000000000 ♠ 1 × 10 ^ - </Td> <Td> The NBS recommended ordinary values are for 99.5% pure polycrystalline alumina at 98% density . Slip Cast Values are taken from Kingery, W.D., J. Am Ceram . Soc., 37, 88 - 90, 1954, TPRC pages 423 and 1553 . Sapphire values are taken from Kingery, W.D. and Norton, F.H., USAEC Rept . NYO - 6447, 1 - 14, 1955, TPRC pages 94, 96 & 1160 . Errata: The numbered references in the NSRDS - NBS - 8 pdf are found near the end of the TPRC Data Book Volume 2 and not somewhere in Volume 3 like it says . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Aluminum oxide, porous </Td> <Td> 22% Porosity 7000230000000099999 ♠ 2.3 </Td> <Td> Constant 1000 - 1773 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> This is number 54 on pages 73 and 76 . Shakhtin, D.M. and Vishnevskii, I.I., 1957, interval 893 - 1773 Kelvins . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Ammonia, saturated </Td> <Td> 6999507000000000000 ♠ 0.507 </Td> <Td> 7002300000000000000 ♠ 300 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Argon </Td> <Td> 6998173800000000000 ♠ 0.016 - 0.01772 - 0.0179 </Td> <Td> 7002299000000000000 ♠ 298 - 300 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Beryllium oxide </Td> <Td> 7002259333330000000 ♠ 218 - 260 - 300 TPRC Recommended: 424 302 272 196 146 111 87 70 57 47 39 33 28.3 24.5 21.5 19.5 18.0 16.7 15.6 15.0 </Td> <Td> 7002293000000000000 ♠ 293 200 273.2 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 </Td> <Td> 6988100000000000000 ♠ 1 × 10 ^ </Td> <Td> Recommended values are found on page 137 of volume 2, TPRC Data Series, 1971 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Bismuth </Td> <Td> 7000797000000000000 ♠ 7.97 </Td> <Td> 7002300000000000000 ♠ 300 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Brass Cu63% </Td> <Td> 7002125000000000000 ♠ 125 </Td> <Td> 7002296000000000000 ♠ 296 </Td> <Td> 7007156250000000000 ♠ 15,150,000 - 16,130,000 </Td> <Td> (Cu 63%, Zn 37%) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Brass Cu70% </Td> <Td> 7002113000000000000 ♠ 109 - 121 </Td> <Td> 7002295000000000000 ♠ 293 - 296 </Td> <Td> 7007142857142857140 ♠ 12,820,000 - 16,130,000 </Td> <Td> (Cu 70%, Zn 30%) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Brick </Td> <Td> 6999687500000000000 ♠ 0.15 - 0.6 - 0.69 - 1.31 British 2016: Inner leaf (1700 kg / m3): 0.62 Outer leaf (1700 kg / m3): 0.84 1920s Values: Brick #1: 0.674 Brick #2: 0.732 </Td> <Td> 7002295500000000000 ♠ 293 - 298 373.2 373.2 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Brick #1: 76.32% SiO, 21.96% Al O, 1.88% Fe O traces of CaO and MgO, commercial brick, density 1.795 g ⋅ cm . Brick #2: 76.52% SiO, 13.67% Al O, 6.77% Fe O, 1.77% CaO, 0.42% MgO, 0.27% MnO, no specified density . Judging from the descriptions the TPRC has put the wrong labels on their bricks, and if that is the case then Brick #1 is "Common Brick" and Brick #2 is "Red Brick ." Tadokoro, Y., Science Repts . Tohoku Imp . Univ., 10, 339 - 410, 1921, TPRC pages 493 & 1169 . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Bronze </Td> <Td> 7001393330000000000 ♠ 26 42 - 50 </Td> <Td> 7002295000000000000 ♠ 293 - 296 </Td> <Td> 7006645161290322580 ♠ 5,882,000 - 7,143,000 </Td> <Td> Sn 25% (Cu 89%, Sn 11%) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Calcium silicate </Td> <Td> 6998630000000000000 ♠ 0.063 </Td> <Td> 7002373000000000000 ♠ 373 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Carbon dioxide </Td> <Td> 6998146000000000000 ♠ 0.0146 - 0.01465 - 0.0168 (sat . liquid 0.087) </Td> <Td> 7002290333000000000 ♠ 298 - 273 - 300 (293) </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Carbon nanotubes, bulk </Td> <Td> 7000250000000000000 ♠ 2.5 (multiwall) - 35 (single wall, disordered mats) - 200 (single wall, aligned mats) </Td> <Td> 7002300000000000000 ♠ 300 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> "bulk" refers to a group of nanotubes either arranged or disordered, for a single nanotube, see "carbon nanotube, single". </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Carbon nanotube, single </Td> <Td> 7003334000000000000 ♠ 3180 (multiwall) - 3500 (single wall) (SWcalc. 6,600 - 37,000) </Td> <Td> 7002310000000000000 ♠ 320 - 300 (300 - 100) </Td> <Td> 6996100000000000000 ♠ (Lateral) 10 - (Ballistic) 10) </Td> <Td> values only for one single SWNT (length: 2.6 μm, diameter: 1.7 nm) and CNT . "Single", as opposed to "bulk" quantity (see "carbon nanotubes, bulk") of many nanotubes, which should not be confused with the denomination of nanotubes themselves which can be singlewall (SWNT) or multiwall (CNT) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Cerium dioxide </Td> <Td> 1.70 1.54 1.00 0.938 0.851 0.765 </Td> <Td> 1292.1 1322.1 1555.9 1628.2 1969.2 2005.9 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Pears, C.D., Project director, Southern Res . Inst . Tech . Documentary Rept . ASD TDR - 62 - 765, 20 - 402, 1963 . TPRC Vol 2, pages 145, 146 and 1162 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Concrete </Td> <Td> 7000104000000000000 ♠ 0.8 - 1.28 - 1.65 - 2.5 </Td> <Td> 7002293000000000000 ♠ 293 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> ~ 61 - 67% CaO </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Copper, commercial </Td> <Td> Wright, W.H., M.S. Thesis: Sample 1 423 385 358 311 346 347 350 360 Sample 2 353 360 366 363 365 Lists Taga, M., periodical First run: 378 Second run: 374 Third run: 378 Fourth run: 382 List </Td> <Td> 80.06 95.34 115.62 135.53 159.46 181.56 198.35 217.30 198.53 220.90 240.88 257.38 275.40 363.2 363.2 363.2 363.2 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Wright, W.H., M.S. Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1 - 225, 1960 . TPRC Data Series Volume 1, pages 75, 80 and 1465 . Taga, commercial grade, 99.82% purity, density 8.3 g ⋅ cm . Taga, M., (Bull?), Japan Soc . Mech . Engrs., 3 (11) 346 - 52, 1960 . TPRC Data Series Vol 1, pages 74, 79 and 1459 . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Copper, pure </Td> <Td> 7002385755560000000 ♠ 385 - 386 - 390 - 401 368.7 353.1 1970s values: TPRC 2870 13800 19600 10500 4300 2050 1220 850 670 570 514 483 413 401 398 392 388 383 377 371 364 357 350 342 334 List The Soviet Union 403 </Td> <Td> 7002400500000000000 ♠ 293 573 873 5 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 200 273 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 273.15 </Td> <Td> 7007593824228028500 ♠ 59,170,000 - 59,590,000 </Td> <Td> International Annealed Copper Standard (IACS) pure = 1.7 × 10 Ω m = 58.82 × 10 Ω m <P> For main article, see: Copper in heat exchangers . </P> <P> The TPRC recommended values are for well annealed 99.999% pure copper with residual electrical resistivity of ρ = 0.000851 μΩ ⋅ cm . TPRC Data Series volume 1 page 81 . </P> <P> The Soviet report did not specify anything about the purity of the material . </P> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Cork </Td> <Td> 6998550000000000000 ♠ 0.04 - 0.07 1940s values: Density = 0.195 g cm 0.0381 0.0446 Density = 0.104 g cm 0.0320 0.0400 </Td> <Td> 7002293000000000000 ♠ 293--- 222.0 305.5 222.0 305.5 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 1940s values are for oven dried cork at specified densities: Rowley, F.B., Jordan, R.C. and Lander, R.M., Refrigeration Engineering, 53, 35 - 9 . 1947, TPRC pages 1064, 1067 & 1161 . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Cotton or Plastic Insulation - foamed </Td> <Td> 6998300000000000000 ♠ 0.03 </Td> <Td> 7002293000000000000 ♠ 293 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Diamond, impure </Td> <Td> 7003100000000000000 ♠ 1,000 </Td> <Td> 7002283000000000000 ♠ 273 - 293 </Td> <Td> 6984100000000000000 ♠ 1 × 10 ^ ~ </Td> <Td> Type I (98.1% of Gem Diamonds) (C + 0.1% N) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Diamond, natural </Td> <Td> 7003220000000000000 ♠ 2,200 </Td> <Td> 7002293000000000000 ♠ 293 </Td> <Td> 6984100000000000000 ♠ 1 × 10 ^ ~ </Td> <Td> Type IIa (99% C and 1% C) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Diamond, isotopically enriched </Td> <Td> 7003332000000000000 ♠ 3,320 - 41,000 (99.999% C calc. 200,000) </Td> <Td> 7002293000000000000 ♠ 293 - 104 (~ 80) </Td> <Td> 6996100000000000000 ♠ (Lateral) 10 - (Ballistic) 10 </Td> <Td> Type IIa isotopically enriched (> 99.9% C) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Epoxy, thermally conductive </Td> <Td> 7000103509999999999 ♠ 0.682 - 1.038 - 1.384 - 4.8 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Expanded polystyrene - EPS </Td> <Td> 6998322500000000000 ♠ 0.03 - 0.033 ((PS Only) 0.1 - 0.13) </Td> <Td> 7002198000000000000 ♠ 98 - 298 (296) </Td> <Td> 6986100009999900000 ♠ 1 × 10 ^ </Td> <Td> (PS + Air + CO + C H) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Extruded polystyrene - XPS </Td> <Td> 6998350000000000000 ♠ 0.029 - 0.39 </Td> <Td> 7002198000000000000 ♠ 98 - 298 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Fiberglass or Foam - glass </Td> <Td> 6998450000000000000 ♠ 0.045 </Td> <Td> 7002293000000000000 ♠ 293 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Gallium arsenide </Td> <Td> 7001560000000000000 ♠ 56 </Td> <Td> 7002300000000000000 ♠ 300 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Glass </Td> <Td> 7000106600000000000 ♠ 0.8 - 0.93 (SiO pure 1 - SiO 96% 1.2 - 1.4) Corning Code 7740 * 0.58 0.90 1.11 1.25 1.36 1.50 1.62 1.89 </Td> <Td> 7002293000000000000 ♠ 293 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 </Td> <Td> 6988100000000000000 ♠ 10 - 10 - 10 </Td> <Td> <1% Iron oxides * Corning Code 7740 is pyrex glass as known to the National Bureau of Standards in 1966 and at that time the composition was about 80.6% SiO, 13% B O, 4.3% Na O and 2.1% Al O. Similar glasses have a coefficient of linear expansion of about 3 parts per million per Kelvin at 20 ° Celsius . Errata: The numbered references in the NSRDS - NBS - 8 pdf are found near the end of the TPRC Data Book Volume 2 and not somewhere in Volume 3 like it says . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Glycerol </Td> <Td> 6999287490000000000 ♠ 0.285 - 0.29 </Td> <Td> 7002296500000000000 ♠ 300 - 293 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Gold, pure </Td> <Td> 7002316000000000000 ♠ 314 - 315 - 318 1970s values: 444 885 2820 1500 345 327 318 315 312 309 304 298 292 285 List </Td> <Td> 7002296333330000000 ♠ 293 - 298 10 20 100 200 273.2 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 </Td> <Td> 7007453103760761210 ♠ 45,170,000 - 45,450,000 </Td> <Td> 1970s values are found on page 137, TPRC Data Series volume 1 (1970). </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Granite </Td> <Td> 7000285500000000000 ♠ 1.73 - 3.98 Nevada Granite: 1.78 1.95 1.86 1.74 1.80 Scottish Granite: 3.39 3.39 </Td> <Td> 368 523 600 643 733 306.9 320.2 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> (72% SiO + 14% Al O + 4% K O etc .) Scottish Granite: Nancarrow, H.A., Proc. Phys . Soc . (London). 45, 447 - 61, 1933, TPRC pages 818 and 1172 . Nevada Granite: Stephens, D.R., USAEC UCRL - 7605, 1 - 19, 1963, TPRC pages 818 and 1172 . A 1960 report on the Nevada granite (Izett, USGS) is posted on the internet but the very small numbers there are hard to understand . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Graphene </Td> <Td> 7003507000000000000 ♠ (4840 ± 440) - (5300 ± 480) </Td> <Td> 7002293000000000000 ♠ 293 </Td> <Td> 7008100000000000000 ♠ 100,000,000 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Graphite, natural </Td> <Td> 7001250000000000000 ♠ 25 - 470 </Td> <Td> 293 </Td> <Td> 2992750000000000000 ♠ 5,000,000 - 30,000,000 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Helium II </Td> <Td> 7005100000000000000 ♠ ≳ 100000 in practice, phonon scattering at solid - liquid interface is main barrier to heat transfer . </Td> <Td> 7000220000000000000 ♠ 2.2 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> liquid Helium in its superfluid state below 2.2 K </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> House </Td> <Td> American 2016 Wood Product Blow - in, Attic Insulation 0.0440 − 0.0448 FIBERGLAS Blow - in, Attic Insulation 0.0474 − 0.0531 PINK FIBERGLAS Flexible Insulation 0.0336 − 0.0459 British CONCRETE: General 1.28 (2300 kg / m3) 1.63 (2100 kg / m3 typical floor) 1.40 (2000 kg / m3 typical floor) 1.13 (medium 1400 kg / m3) 0.51 (lightweight 1200 kg / m3) 0.38 (lightweight 600 kg / m3) 0.19 (aerated 500 kg / m3) 0.16 PLASTER: (1300 kg / m3) 0.50 (600 kg / m3) 0.16 TIMBER: Timber (650 kg / m3) 0.14 Timber flooring (650 kg / m3) 0.14 Timber rafters 0.13 Timber floor joists 0.13 MISC.: Calcium silicate board (600 kg / m3) 0.17 Expanded polystyrene 0.030 − 0.038 Plywood (950 kg / m3) 0.16 Rock mineral wool 0.034 − 0.042 1960s Values Dry Zero − Kapok between burlap or paper density 0.016 g cm, TC = 0.035 W ⋅ m K Hair Felt − Felted cattle hair density 0.176 g cm, TC = 0.037 W ⋅ m K density 0.208 g cm, TC = 0.037 W ⋅ m K Balsam Wool − Chemically treated wood fibre density 0.035 g cm, TC = 0.039 W ⋅ m K Hairinsul − 50% hair 50% jute density 0.098 g cm, TC = 0.037 W ⋅ m K Rock Wool − Fibrous material made from rock density 0.096 g cm, TC = 0.037 W ⋅ m K density 0.160 g cm, TC = 0.039 W ⋅ m K density 0.224 g cm, TC = 0.040 W ⋅ m K Glass Wool − Pyrex glass curled density 0.064 g cm, TC = 0.042 W ⋅ m K density 0.160 g cm, TC = 0.042 W ⋅ m K Corkboard − No added binder density 0.086 g cm, TC = 0.036 W ⋅ m K density 0.112 g cm, TC = 0.039 W ⋅ m K density 0.170 g cm, TC = 0.043 W ⋅ m K density 0.224 g cm, TC = 0.049 W ⋅ m K Corkboard − with asphaltic binder density 0.232 g cm, TC = 0.046 W ⋅ m K Cornstalk Pith Board: 0.035 − 0.043 Cypress density 0.465 g cm, TC = 0.097 W ⋅ m K White pine density 0.513 g cm, TC = 0.112 W ⋅ m K Mahogany density 0.545 g cm, TC = 0.123 W ⋅ m K Virginia pine density 0.545 g cm, TC = 0.141 W ⋅ m K Oak density 0.609 g cm, TC = 0.147 W ⋅ m K Maple density 0.705 g cm, TC = 0.159 W ⋅ m K </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> American 2016: Flexible Insulation from Owens Corning includes faced and unfaced rolls of glass wool and with foil . 1960s values: All thermal conductivities from Cypress to Maple are given across the grain . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Hydrogen </Td> <Td> 6999181900000000000 ♠ 0.1819 </Td> <Td> 7002290000000000000 ♠ 290 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Hydrogen gas at room temperature . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Ice </Td> <Td> 7000202999999999999 ♠ 1.6 - 2.1 - 2.2 - 2.22 </Td> <Td> 7002283000000000000 ♠ 293 - 273 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Indium phosphide </Td> <Td> 7001800000000000000 ♠ 80 </Td> <Td> 7002300000000000000 ♠ 300 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Insulating Firebrick </Td> <Td> Sheffield Pottery, 2016: NC - 23 0.19 0.20 0.23 0.26 NC - 26 0.25 0.26 0.27 0.30 NC - 28 0.29 0.32 0.33 0.36 1940s Blast Furnace: 1.58 1.55 1.53 </Td> <Td> 533 811 1089 1366 533 811 1089 1366 533 811 1089 1366--- 636.2 843.2 1036.2 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Sheffield Pottery: Standard ASTM 155 Grades, 05 / 10 / 2006: NC - 23, Cold Crushing Strength = 145 lbs / inch2, density = 36 lbs / ft3 NC - 26, Cold Crushing Strength = 220 lbs / inch2, density = 46 lbs / ft3 NC - 28, Cold Crushing Strength = 250 lbs / inch2, density = 55 lbs / ft3--- 1940s Blast Furnace: Kolechkova, A.F. and Goncharov, V.V., Ogneupory, 14, 445 - 53, 1949, TPRC pages 488, 493 & 1161 . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Iron, pure </Td> <Td> 7001705555600000000 ♠ 71.8 - 72.7 - 79.5 - 80 - 80.2 - 80.4 55.4 34.6 TPRC 149 224 297 371 442 513 580 645 705 997 814 555 372 265 204 168 146 132 94 83.5 80.3 69.4 61.3 54.7 48.7 43.3 38.0 32.6 29.7 29.9 27.9 28.2 29.9 30.9 31.8 List The Soviet Union 86.5 </Td> <Td> 7002453750000000000 ♠ 293 - 298 - 300 573 1273 5 6 7 8 9 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 200 273.2 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1183 1183 1200 1300 1400 1500 273.15 </Td> <Td> 7007101471334348050 ♠ 9,901,000 - 10,410,000 </Td> <Td> The TPRC recommended values are for well annealed 99.998% pure iron with residual electrical resistivity of ρ = 0.0327 μΩ ⋅ cm . TPRC Data Series volume 1 page 169 . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Iron, cast </Td> <Td> 7001550000000000000 ♠ 55 </Td> <Td> 7002298000000000000 ♠ 298 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> (Fe + (2 - 4)% C + (1 - 3)% Si) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Lead, pure </Td> <Td> 7001342571400000000 ♠ 34.7 - 35.0 - 35.3 29.8 TPRC 2770 4240 3400 2240 1380 820 490 320 230 178 146 123 107 94 84 77 66 59 50.7 47.7 45.1 43.5 39.6 36.6 35.5 35.2 33.8 32.5 31.2 List The Soviet Union 35.6 </Td> <Td> 7002342833330000000 ♠ 293 - 298 - 300 573 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 18 20 25 30 40 50 100 200 273.2 300 400 500 600 273.15 </Td> <Td> 7006483091787439610 ♠ 4,808,000 - 4,854,000 </Td> <Td> The TPRC List is the TPRC estimate for well annealed Lead of 99.99 +% purity and residual electrical resistivity ρ = 0.000880 μΩ cm . TPRC Data Series Volume 1, page 191 . This material is superconductive (electrical) at temperatures below 7.193 Kelvins . Weast page E-87 . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Limestone </Td> <Td> 7000129500000000000 ♠ 1.26 - 1.33 Indiana Limestone 1.19 1.21 1.19 1.11 1.12 1.07 1.03 0.62 0.57 0.54 Queenstone Grey 1.43 1.41 1.40 1.33 </Td> <Td>---- 472 553 683 813 952 1013 1075 1181 1253 1324 395.9 450.4 527.6 605.4 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Mostly CaCO and the "Indiana Limestone" is 98.4% CaCO, 1% quartz and 0.6% hematite . By comparison Queenstone Grey is a mixture of dolomite and calcite containing 22% MgCO . Density = 2.675 g cm . Niven, C.D., Can J. Research, A18, 132 - 7, 1940, TPRC pages 821 and 1170 . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Manganese </Td> <Td> 7000781000000000000 ♠ 7.81 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> lowest thermal conductivity of any pure metal </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Marble </Td> <Td> 7000250500000000000 ♠ 2.07 - 2.08 - 2.94 </Td> <Td> 7002298000000000000 ♠ 298 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Methane </Td> <Td> 6998314050000000000 ♠ 0.030 - 0.03281 </Td> <Td> 7002285500000000000 ♠ 298 - 273 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Mineral Insulation or Wool (Felt / Glass / Rock) </Td> <Td> 6998400000000000000 ♠ 0.04 </Td> <Td> 7002295500000000000 ♠ 293 - 298 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Nickel </Td> <Td> 7001909500000000000 ♠ 90.9 - 91 </Td> <Td> 7002298000000000000 ♠ 298 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Nitrogen, pure </Td> <Td> 6998250460000000000 ♠ 0.0234 - 0.024 - 0.02583 - 0.026 </Td> <Td> 7002298200000000000 ♠ 293 - 298 - 300 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> (N) (1 atm) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Oxygen, pure (gas) </Td> <Td> 6998251700000000000 ♠ 0.0238 - 0.024 - 0.0263 - 0.02658 </Td> <Td> 7002297750000000000 ♠ 293 - 298 - 300 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> (O) (1 atm) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Paper </Td> <Td> 6998500000000000000 ♠ 0.05 </Td> <Td> 7002298000000000000 ♠ 298 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Perlite, (1 atm) </Td> <Td> 6998310000000000000 ♠ 0.031 </Td> <Td> 7002298000000000000 ♠ 298 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Perlite in partial vacuum </Td> <Td> 6997136990000099999 ♠ 0.00137 </Td> <Td> 7002298000000000000 ♠ 298 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Pine </Td> <Td> 0.0886 0.0913 0.0939 0.0966 0.0994 0.102 </Td> <Td> 222.0 238.7 255.4 272.2 288.9 305.5 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Density = 0.386 g cm . Rowley, F.B., Jordan, R.C. and Lander, R.M., Refrigeration Engineering, 53, 35 - 9, 1947, TPRC pages 1083 and 1161 . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Plastic, fiber - reinforced </Td> <Td> 6999663330000000000 ♠ 0.23 - 0.7 - 1.06 </Td> <Td> 7002294500000000000 ♠ 293 - 296 </Td> <Td> 6992316227766016840 ♠ 10 - 10 </Td> <Td> 10 - 40% GF or CF </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Polyethylene High Density </Td> <Td> 6999465000000000000 ♠ 0.42 - 0.51 </Td> <Td> 7002298000000000000 ♠ 298 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Polymer, High - Density </Td> <Td> 6999425000000000000 ♠ 0.33 - 0.52 </Td> <Td> 7002296000000000000 ♠ 296 </Td> <Td> 6993100000000000000 ♠ 10 - 10 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Polymer, Low - density </Td> <Td> 6999195000000000000 ♠ 0.04 - 0.16 - 0.25 - 0.33 </Td> <Td> 7002294500000000000 ♠ 293 - 296 </Td> <Td> 6991316227766016840 ♠ 10 - 10 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Polyurethane foam </Td> <Td> 6998205000000000000 ♠ 0.03 - 0.031 </Td> <Td> 7002298000000000000 ♠ 298 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Quartz − Single Crystal </Td> <Td> 7000940000000000000 ♠ 12 ∥ (\ displaystyle \ parallel) to c axis, 06.8 ⊥ (\ displaystyle \ perp) to c axis Rutgers University 11.1 ∥ (\ displaystyle \ parallel) to c axis, 5.88 ⊥ (\ displaystyle \ perp) to c axis 9.34 ∥ (\ displaystyle \ parallel) to c axis, 5.19 ⊥ (\ displaystyle \ perp) to c axis 8.68 ∥ (\ displaystyle \ parallel) to c axis, 4.50 ⊥ (\ displaystyle \ perp) to c axis NBS 6.00 ∥ (\ displaystyle \ parallel) to c axis, 3.90 ⊥ (\ displaystyle \ perp) to c axis 5.00 ∥ (\ displaystyle \ parallel) to c axis, 3.41 ⊥ (\ displaystyle \ perp) to c axis 4.47 ∥ (\ displaystyle \ parallel) to c axis, 3.12 ⊥ (\ displaystyle \ perp) to c axis 4.19 ∥ (\ displaystyle \ parallel) to c axis, 3.04 ⊥ (\ displaystyle \ perp) to c axis </Td> <Td> 7002300000000000000 ♠ 300------311 366 422------500 600 700 800 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> The noted authorities have reported some values in three digits as cited here in metric translation but they have not demonstrated three digit measurement . Errata: The numbered references in the NSRDS - NBS - 8 pdf are found near the end of the TPRC Data Book Volume 2 and not somewhere in Volume 3 like it says . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Quartz - Fused or Vitreous Silica or Fused Silica </Td> <Td> 7000195333000000000 ♠ 1.46 - 3 1.4 England 0.84 1.05 1.20 1.32 1.41 1.48 America 0.52 1.13 1.23 1.40 1.42 1.50 1.53 1.59 1.73 1.92 2.17 2.48 2.87 3.34 4.00 4.80 6.18 </Td> <Td> 7002303000000000000 ♠ 293 323 123 173 223 273 323 373 100 200 223 293 323 373 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 </Td> <Td> 6983116666666666670 ♠ 1.333 E-18 - 10 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Quartz - Slip Cast </Td> <Td> First Run 0.34 0.39 0.45 0.51 0.62 Second Run 0.63 0.66 0.69 </Td> <Td> 7002500000000000000 ♠ 500 700 900 1100 1300 900 1000 1100 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> This material which must have started out like unfired pottery was slip cast from fused silica . Then it was dried four days at 333 K before being tested . It was 9 inches in diameter and 1 inch thick, density 1.78 ⋅ cm . The first run went to 1317K and then on the second run the same insulator proved to be more conductive. 1959 . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Quartz - Powdered </Td> <Td> 0.178 0.184 0.209 0.230 0.259 </Td> <Td> 373.2 483.2 588.2 673.2 723.2 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> In the particular case the powdered quartz has been roughly competitive with insulating firebrick . The noted grain sizes ranged from 0.3 to 1 mm diameter and the density was 0.54 grams ⋅ cm . Kozak, M.I. Zhur . Tekh . Fiz., 22 (1), 73 - 6, 1952 . Reference No. 326, page 1166 . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Redwood Bark </Td> <Td> Whole: Density = 0.0641 g cm: 0.0286 0.0307 0.0330 0.0356 0.0379 0.0407 Shredded: Density = 0.0625 g cm: 0.0107 </Td> <Td> 222.2 239.2 255.5 272.1 288.8 305.3 318.7 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Whole: Rowley, F.B., Jordan, R.C. and Lander, R.M., Refrig . Eng., 50, 541 - 4, 1945, TPRC pages 1084 & 1172 . Shredded: Wilkes, G.B., Refrig . Eng., 52, 37 - 42, 1946, TPRC pages 1084 & 1162 . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Rice hulls (ash) </Td> <Td> 6998620000000000000 ♠ 0.062 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Rice hulls (whole) </Td> <Td> 6998359000000000000 ♠ 0.0359 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Rubber (92%) </Td> <Td> 6999160000000000000 ♠ 0.16 </Td> <Td> 7002303000000000000 ♠ 303 </Td> <Td> 6987100000000000000 ♠ 1 × 10 ^ ~ </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Sandstone </Td> <Td> 7000236500000000000 ♠ 1.83 - 2.90 2.1 - 3.9 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> ~ 95 - 71% SiO ~ 98 - 48% SiO, ~ 16 - 30% Porosity </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Silica Aerogel </Td> <Td> 6997300000000000000 ♠ 0.003 (carbon black9% ~ 0.0042) - 0.008 - 0.017 - 0.02 - 0.03 </Td> <Td> 7002231333000000000 ♠ 98 - 298 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Foamed Glass </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Silver, pure </Td> <Td> 7002422666670000000 ♠ 406 - 407 - 418 427 - 429 - 430 1970s values: TPRC 3940 7830 17200 16800 5100 1930 1050 700 550 497 471 460 450 432 430 428 427 420 413 405 397 389 382 List The Soviet Union 429 </Td> <Td> 7002297142860000000 ♠ 293 298 - 300 5 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 150 200 273.2 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 273.15 </Td> <Td> 7007621697233447310 ♠ 61,350,000 - 63,010,000 </Td> <Td> Highest electrical conductivity of any metal TPRC recommended values are for well annealed 99.999% pure silver with residual electrical resistivity of ρ = 0.000620 μΩ ⋅ cm . TPRC Data Series volume 1 page 348 (1970). </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Silver, sterling </Td> <Td> 7002361400000000000 ♠ 361 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Snow, dry </Td> <Td> 6999136667000000000 ♠ 0.05 - 0.11 - 0.25 </Td> <Td> 7002273000000000000 ♠ 273 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Sodium chloride </Td> <Td> 7001351000000000000 ♠ 35.1 - 6.5 - 4.85 </Td> <Td> 80 - 289 - 400 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Soil, dry w / organic matter </Td> <Td> 7000110000000000000 ♠ 0.15 - 1.15 - 2 </Td> <Td> 7002293000000000000 ♠ 293 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> composition may vary </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Soil, saturated </Td> <Td> 7000230000000099999 ♠ 0.6 - 4 </Td> <Td> 7002293000000000000 ♠ 293 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> composition may vary </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Soils, 1950s Values </Td> <Td> Mineral; density 2.65 g cm: 2.93 Organic; density 1.3 g cm: 0.251 Soil, mineral, dry; density 1.50 g cm: 0.209 Soil, mineral, saturated; density 1.93 g cm: 2.09 Soil, organic, dry; density 0.13 g cm: 0.0335 Soil, organic, sat.; density 1.03 g cm: 0.502 </Td> <Td> 293.2 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> The TPRC Data Book has been quoting de Vries with values of 0.0251 and 0.0109 W ⋅ cm ⋅ Kelvin for the thermal conductivities of organic and dry mineral soils respectively but the original article is free at the website of their cited journal . Errors: TPRC Volume 2 pages 847 and 1159 . Journal archives . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Solder, Sn / 63% Pb / 37% </Td> <Td> 7001500000000000000 ♠ 50 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Lead free solder, Sn / 95.6% Ag / 3.5% Cu / 0.9%, Sn / 95.5% Ag / 3.8% Cu / 0.7% (SAC) </Td> <Td> 7001600000000000000 ♠ ~ 60 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Steel, carbon </Td> <Td> 7001467428600000000 ♠ 36 - 43 50.2 - 54 </Td> <Td> 7002295000000000000 ♠ 293 - 298 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> (Fe + (1.5 - 0.5)% C) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Steel, stainless </Td> <Td> 7001173888888888890 ♠ 16.3 - 16.7 - 18 - 24 </Td> <Td> 7002296000000000000 ♠ 296 </Td> <Td> 7006141843971631210 ♠ 1,176,000 - 1,786,000 </Td> <Td> (Fe, Cr 12.5 - 25%, Ni 0 - 20%, Mo 0 - 3%, Ti 0 - trace) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Styrofoam - Expanded Polystyrene </Td> <Td> Dow Chemical 0.033 - 0.036 K.T. Yucel et al. 0.036 - 0.046 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Thermal grease </Td> <Td> 6999400000000000000 ♠ 0.4 - 3.0 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Thermal tape </Td> <Td> 6999600000000000000 ♠ 0.60 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Thorium dioxide </Td> <Td> 3.68 3.12 2.84 2.66 2.54 </Td> <Td> 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Recommended values, TPRC, Polycrystaline, 99.5% pure, 98% dense, page 198 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Tin </Td> <Td> TPRC 20400 ⊥ (\ displaystyle \ perp) to the c axis, 14200 ∥ (\ displaystyle \ parallel) to the c axis, 18300 P 36000 ⊥ (\ displaystyle \ perp) to the c axis, 25000 ∥ (\ displaystyle \ parallel) to the c axis, 32300 P 33100 ⊥ (\ displaystyle \ perp) to the c axis, 23000 ∥ (\ displaystyle \ parallel) to the c axis, 29700 P 20200 ⊥ (\ displaystyle \ perp) to the c axis, 14000 ∥ (\ displaystyle \ parallel) to the c axis, 18100 P 13000 ⊥ (\ displaystyle \ perp) to the c axis, 9000 ∥ (\ displaystyle \ parallel) to the c axis, (11700) P 8500 ⊥ (\ displaystyle \ perp) to the c axis, 5900 ∥ (\ displaystyle \ parallel) to the c axis, (7600) P 5800 ⊥ (\ displaystyle \ perp) to the c axis, 4000 ∥ (\ displaystyle \ parallel) to the c axis, (5200) P 4000 ⊥ (\ displaystyle \ perp) to the c axis, 2800 ∥ (\ displaystyle \ parallel) to the c axis, (3600) P 2900 ⊥ (\ displaystyle \ perp) to the c axis, 2010 ∥ (\ displaystyle \ parallel) to the c axis, (2600) P 2150 ⊥ (\ displaystyle \ perp) to the c axis, 1490 ∥ (\ displaystyle \ parallel) to the c axis, (1930) P 1650 ⊥ (\ displaystyle \ perp) to the c axis, 1140 ∥ (\ displaystyle \ parallel) to the c axis, (1480) P 1290 ⊥ (\ displaystyle \ perp) to the c axis, 900 ∥ (\ displaystyle \ parallel) to the c axis, (1160) P 1040 ⊥ (\ displaystyle \ perp) to the c axis, 720 ∥ (\ displaystyle \ parallel) to the c axis, (930) P 850 ⊥ (\ displaystyle \ perp) to the c axis, 590 ∥ (\ displaystyle \ parallel) to the c axis, (760) P 700 ⊥ (\ displaystyle \ perp) to the c axis, 490 ∥ (\ displaystyle \ parallel) to the c axis, (630) P 590 ⊥ (\ displaystyle \ perp) to the c axis, 410 ∥ (\ displaystyle \ parallel) to the c axis, (530) P 450 ⊥ (\ displaystyle \ perp) to the c axis, 310 ∥ (\ displaystyle \ parallel) to the c axis, (400) P 360 ⊥ (\ displaystyle \ perp) to the c axis, 250 ∥ (\ displaystyle \ parallel) to the c axis, (320) P 250 ⊥ (\ displaystyle \ perp) to the c axis, 172 ∥ (\ displaystyle \ parallel) to the c axis, (222) P 200 ⊥ (\ displaystyle \ perp) to the c axis, 136 * ∥ (\ displaystyle \ parallel) to the c axis, (176) P 167 ⊥ (\ displaystyle \ perp) to the c axis, 116 ∥ (\ displaystyle \ parallel) to the c axis, (150) P (150) ⊥ (\ displaystyle \ perp) to the c axis, (104) ∥ (\ displaystyle \ parallel) to the c axis, (133) P (137) ⊥ (\ displaystyle \ perp) to the c axis, (95) ∥ (\ displaystyle \ parallel) to the c axis, (123) P (128) ⊥ (\ displaystyle \ perp) to the c axis, (89) ∥ (\ displaystyle \ parallel) to the c axis, (115) P (107) ⊥ (\ displaystyle \ perp) to the c axis, (74) ∥ (\ displaystyle \ parallel) to the c axis, (96) P (98.0) ⊥ (\ displaystyle \ perp) to the c axis, (68.0) ∥ (\ displaystyle \ parallel) to the c axis, (88.0) P (95.0) ⊥ (\ displaystyle \ perp) to the c axis, (66.0) ∥ (\ displaystyle \ parallel) to the c axis, (85.0) P (86.7) ⊥ (\ displaystyle \ perp) to the c axis, (60.2) ∥ (\ displaystyle \ parallel) to the c axis, (77.9) P (81.6) ⊥ (\ displaystyle \ perp) to the c axis, (56.7) ∥ (\ displaystyle \ parallel) to the c axis, (73.3) P (75.9) ⊥ (\ displaystyle \ perp) to the c axis, (52.7) ∥ (\ displaystyle \ parallel) to the c axis, 68.2 P (74.2) ⊥ (\ displaystyle \ perp) to the c axis, (51.5) ∥ (\ displaystyle \ parallel) to the c axis, 66.6 P 69.3 ⊥ (\ displaystyle \ perp) to the c axis, 48.1 ∥ (\ displaystyle \ parallel) to the c axis, 62.2 P 66.4 ⊥ (\ displaystyle \ perp) to the c axis, 46.1 ∥ (\ displaystyle \ parallel) to the c axis, 59.6 P List The Soviet Union 68.2 </Td> <Td> 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 18 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 70 90 100 150 200 273.2 300 400 500 273.15 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> TPRC Tin is well annealed 99.999 +% pure white tin with residual electrical resistivity ρ = 0.000120, 0.0001272 & 0.000133 μΩ cm respectively for the single crystal along directions perpendicular ⊥ (\ displaystyle \ perp) and parallel ∥ (\ displaystyle \ parallel) to the c axis and for polycrystalline tin P . The recommended values are thought to be accurate to within 3% near room temperature and 3 to (unintelligible) at other temperatures . Values in parenthesis are extrapolated, interpolated, or estimated . * It happens that the online record has the thermal conductivity at 30 Kelvins and ∥ (\ displaystyle \ parallel) to the c axis posted at 1.36 W ⋅ cm K and 78.0 Btu hr ft F which is incorrect . Also the copy is blurred up enough to give you the impression that maybe what it really means is 1.36 W cm K and 78.6 Btu hr ft F and a type - head that got overdue for its cleaning since the secretary had a tall heap of papers on her desk and if that is the case then the multilingual expression is perfectly consistent . TPRC Data Series Volume 1, page 408 . This material is superconductive (electrical) at temperatures below 3.722 Kelvins . Weast page E-75 . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Titanium, pure </Td> <Td> 7001201800000000000 ♠ 15.6 - 19.0 - 21.9 - 22.5 </Td> <Td> 7002296500000000000 ♠ 293 - 300 </Td> <Td> 7006208333333333330 ♠ 1,852,000 - 2,381,000 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Titanium Alloy </Td> <Td> 7000580000000000000 ♠ 5.8 </Td> <Td> 7002296000000000000 ♠ 296 </Td> <Td> 7005595200000000000 ♠ 595,200 </Td> <Td> (Ti + 6% Al + 4% V) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Tungsten, Pure </Td> <Td> 7002173000000000000 ♠ 173 </Td> <Td> 7002293000000000000 ♠ 293 </Td> <Td> 7007189400000000000 ♠ 18,940,000 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Water </Td> <Td> 6999593600000000000 ♠ 0.563 - 0.596 - 0.6 - 0.609 TPRC 0.5225 * 0.5551 * 0.5818 0.5918 0.6084 0.6233 0.6367 0.6485 0.6587 0.6673 0.6797 0.6864 0.6727 0.6348 0.5708 List The Soviet Union 0.599 </Td> <Td> 7002290390000000000 ♠ 273 - 293 - 300 250 270 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 370 400 450 500 550 293.15 </Td> <Td> 6997500000000000000 ♠ 5 × Pure 10 - Sweet 10 - Sea 1 </Td> <Td> <4% (NaCl + MgCl + CaCl) * The TPRC Estimates for water at 250K and 270K are for supercooled liquid . Of course the values for 400K and above are for water under steam pressure . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Wallboard (1929) </Td> <Td> 0.0640 0.0581 0.0594 0.0633 </Td> <Td> 322.8 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Stiles, H., Chem. Met . Eng., 36, 625 - 6, 1929, TPRC pages 1131 and 1172 . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Water vapor </Td> <Td> 6998203950000000000 ♠ 0.016 - 0.02479 (101.3 kPa) 0.0471 (1 bar) </Td> <Td> 7002295500000000000 ♠ 293 - 398 600 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Wood, moist </Td> <Td> 6999215230000000000 ♠ +> = 12% water: 0.09091 - 0.16 - 0.21 - 0.4 The Royal Society: Fir, 15%, ⊥ to the grain: 0.117 Mahogany, 15%, ⊥ to the grain: 0.167 ⊥ to the grain: 0.155 Oak, 14%, ⊥ to the grain: 0.117 Spruce: ⊥ to the grain: 3.40%: 0.122 ⊥ to the grain: 5.80%: 0.126 ⊥ to the grain: 7.70%: 0.129 ⊥ to the grain: 9.95%: 0.133 ⊥ to the grain: 17.0%: 0.142 ∥ (\ displaystyle \ parallel) to the grain: 16%: 0.222 </Td> <Td> 7002295500000000000 ♠ 298 - 293 293.2 293.2 293.2 293.2 373.2 373.2 373.2 373.2 373.2 293.2 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Species - Variable The Royal Society: Griffiths, E. and Kaye, G.W.C., Proc. Roy . Soc . (London), A104, 71 - 98, 1923, TPRC pages 1073, 1080, 1082, 1086 and 1162 . Re: Reference No 7: Maple in particular has been measured at more than 0.4 ⋅ W m K parallel to the grain . Density 0.72 . TPRC Volume 2, page 1081 (1920) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Wood, oven - dry </Td> <Td> 6999105320000000000 ♠ 0.04 - 0.055 - 0.07692 - 0.12 - 0.17 </Td> <Td> 7002295500000000000 ♠ 293 - 298 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Balsa - Cedar - Hickory / Oak </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Wool, Angora Wool </Td> <Td> 0.0464 </Td> <Td> 293.2 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Bettini, T.M., Ric . Sci. 20 (4), 464 - 6, 1950, TPRC pages 1092 and 1172 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Wool felt </Td> <Td> 0.0623 0.0732 </Td> <Td> 313.2 343.2 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Taylor, T.S., Mech . Eng., 42, 8 - 10, 1920, TPRC pages 1133 and 1161 . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Zinc, Pure </Td> <Td> 7002116000000000000 ♠ 116 </Td> <Td> 7002293000000000000 ♠ 293 </Td> <Td> 7007169500000000000 ♠ 16,950,000 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Zinc oxide </Td> <Td> 7001210000000000000 ♠ 21 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Zirconium dioxide </Td> <Td> Slip Cast, first run (1950) 2.03 1.98 1.96 1.91 1.91 1.90 Second Run (1950) 1.81 1.80 1.92 1.90 1.95 1.92 1.97 1.98 2.04 2.29 CaO stabilized (1964) 1.54 1.64 1.64 1.76 1.62 1.79 1.80 2.46 2.33 2.80 2.56 2.70 </Td> <Td> 766.2 899.2 1006.2 1090.2 1171.2 1233.2 386.2 470.2 553.2 632.2 734.2 839.2 961.2 1076.2 1163.2 1203.2 1343.2 1513.2 1593.2 1663.2 1743.2 2003.2 2103.2 2323.2 2413.2 2413.2 2493.2 2523.2 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> First Run: Density = 5.35 g cm . Norton, F.H., Kingery, W.D., Fellows, D.M., Adams, M., McQuarrie, M.C. and Coble, R.L. USAEC Rept . NYO - 596, 1 - 9, 1950, TPRC pages 247 and 1160 Second Run: Same Specimen, same USAEC Report . CaO stabilized: Density = 4.046 g cm (66.3% of theoretical). Feith, A.D., Gen. Elec . Co., Adv . Tech . Service, USAEC Rept . GEMP - 296, 1 - 25, 1964, TPRC pages 247 and 1165 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Material </Th> <Th> Thermal conductivity (W m K) </Th> <Th> Temperature (K) </Th> <Th> Electrical conductivity @ 293 K (Ω m) </Th> <Th> Notes </Th> </Tr> </Table> <Tr> <Th> Material </Th> <Th> Thermal conductivity (W m K) </Th> <Th> Temperature (K) </Th> <Th> Electrical conductivity @ 293 K (Ω m) </Th> <Th> Notes </Th> </Tr>

Thermal conductivity of mild steel in w mk
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