<P> An ode to Durga as the Mother goddess, it was written in Bengali script in the novel Anandmath . The title' Vande Mataram' means "I praise thee, Mother" or "I praise to thee, Mother". The "mother goddess" in later verses of the song has been interpreted as the motherland of the people--Bangamata (Mother Bengal) and Bharat Mata (Mother India), though the text does not mention this explicitly . </P> <P> It played a vital role in the Indian independence movement, first sung in a political context by Rabindranath Tagore at the 1896 session of the Indian National Congress . It became a popular marching song for political activism and Indian freedom movement in 1905 . Spiritual Indian nationalist and philosopher Sri Aurobindo referred it as "National Anthem of Bengal". The song and the novel containing it was banned by the British government, but workers and general public defied the ban, many went to colonial prisons repeatedly for singing it, and the ban was overturned by the Indians after they gained independence from the colonial rule . </P> <P> In 1950 (after India's independence), the first two verses of the song were declared the "national song" of the Republic of India, distinct from the national anthem of India, Jana Gana Mana . The first two verses of the song are an abstract reference to mother and motherland, they do not mention any Hindu deity by name, unlike later verses that do explicitly mention goddesses such as Durga . There is no time limit or circumstantial specification for the rendition of this song (unlike the national anthem Jana Gana Mana that specifies 52 seconds). </P> <P> The root of the Sanskrit word Vande is Vand, which appears in Rigveda and other Vedic texts . According to Monier Monier - Williams, depending on the context, vand means "to praise, celebrate, laud, extol, to show honour, do homage, salute respectfully", or "deferentially, venerate, worship, adore", or "to offer anything respectfully to". The word Mātaram has Indo - European roots in mātár - (Sanskrit), méter (Greek), mâter (Latin) which mean "mother". </P>

What is the difference between vande mataram and jana gana mana
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