<P> An optimistic estimate from 2008 was that only one in five job - seekers in India ever had any sort of vocational training . However it's expected to grow as the CBSE has brought changes in its education system which emphasises inclusion of certain number and types of vocational subjects in classes 9th and 11th . Although it's not mandatory for schools to go for it but a good number of schools have voluntarily accepted the suggestion and incorporated the change in their curriculum . <ref. cbse notifications 2018> </P> <P> Demand for technical certification is increasing every year among job seekers and WEBNext Labs has been imparting free technical education on web technologies and IoT (Internet of Things) </P> <P> As per 2016 Annual Survey of Education Report (ASER), 3.5% schools in India had no toilet facility while only 68.7% schools had usable toilet facility . 75.5% of the schools surveyed had library in 2016, a decrease from 78.1% in 2014 . Percentage of schools with separate girls toilet have increased from 32.9% in 2010 to 61.9% in 2016 . 74.1% schools had drinking water facility and 64.5% of the schools had playground . </P> <P> Modern education in India is often criticised for being based on rote learning rather than problem solving . New Indian Express says that Indian Education system seems to be producing zombies since in most of the schools students seemed to be spending majority of their time in preparing for competitive exams rather than learning or playing . BusinessWeek criticises the Indian curriculum, saying it revolves around rote learning and ExpressIndia suggests that students are focused on cramming . Preschool for Child Rights states that almost 99% of pre-schools do not have any curriculum at all . Also creativity is not encouraged or is considered as a form of entertainment in most institutions . </P>

Who made first efforts of compulsory primary education in india