<P> The French Revolution replaced France's system by the Civil Constitution of the Clergy following debates and a report headed by Martineau in 1790, confiscating all endowments of the church, which was until then the highest order (premier ordre) of the Ancien Régime; instead, the state awarded a salary to the formerly endowment - dependent clergy, and abolished canons, prebendaries and chaplains . This constitution kept the separation between the nomination (advowson) and the canonical institution (benefice / living, which conferred a jurisdiction) but the state set a fixed system of salaries and would elect the metropolitan bishops who in turn would elect the curates . </P> <P> Parts of these changes remain such as the abolition of the three historic roles mentioned and the constitution is still in force in Belgium . </P> <P> The term benefice, according to the canon law, denotes an ecclesiastical office (but not always a cure of souls) in which the incumbent is required to perform certain duties or conditions of a spiritual kind (the "spiritualities") while being supported by the revenues attached to the office (the "temporalities"). </P> <P> The spiritualities of parochial benefices, whether rectories, vicarages or perpetual curacies, include due observation of the ordination vows and due solicitude for the moral and spiritual welfare of the parishioners . The temporalities are the revenues of the benefice and assets such as the church properties and possessions within the parish . </P>

What is a benefice in the church of england
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