<P> Forests in the Southern Hemisphere have special features which set them apart from those in the Northern Hemisphere . Both Chile and Australia share, for example, unique beech species or Nothofagus, and New Zealand has members of the closely related genera Lophozonia and Fuscospora . The eucalyptus is native to Australia but is now also planted in Southern Africa and Latin America for pulp production and, increasingly, biofuel uses . </P> <P> Approximately 800 million humans live in the Southern Hemisphere, representing only 10--12% of the total global human population of 7.3 billion . Of those 800 million people, 200 million live in Brazil, the largest country by land area in the Southern Hemisphere, while 141 million live on the island of Java, the most populous island in the world . The most populous nation in the Southern Hemisphere is Indonesia, with 261 million people (roughly 30 million of whom live north of the equator on the northern portions of the islands of Sumatra, Borneo and Sulawesi, while the rest of the population lives in the Southern Hemisphere). Portuguese is the most spoken language in the Southern Hemisphere, followed by Spanish and Javanese . </P> <P> The largest metropolitan areas in the Southern Hemisphere are São Paulo (21 million people), Jakarta (18 million people), Buenos Aires (12 million people), Rio de Janeiro (11 million people), Kinshasa (11 million people) and Sydney (6 million). The most important financial and commercial centers in the Southern Hemisphere are São Paulo, where the Bovespa Index is headquartered, along with Sydney, home to the Australian Securities Exchange, Johannesburg, home to the Johannesburg Stock Exchange and Buenos Aires, headquarters of the Buenos Aires Stock Exchange, the oldest stock market in the Southern Hemisphere . </P> <P> Among the most developed are Australia, with a nominal GDP per capita of US $51,850 and a Human Development Index of 0.939, the second highest in the world as of 2016 . New Zealand is also well developed, with a nominal GDP per capita of US $38,385 and a Human Development Index of 0.915, putting it at #13 in the world in 2016 . The least developed nations in the Southern Hemisphere cluster in Africa and Oceania, with Burundi and Mozambique at the lowest ends of the Human Development Index, at 0.404 (#184 in the world) and 0.418 (#181 in the world) respectively . The nominal GDP per capitas of these two countries don't go above US $550 per capita, a tiny fraction of the incomes enjoyed by Australians and New Zealanders . </P>

Things that are different in the southern hemisphere