<P> In 2009, Peruvian President Alan García pushed through by executive decree Law 840 (also known as "Ley de la Selva," "the Law of the Jungle" or simply the "Forest Law"), which allowed the sale of uncultivated Amazon land under state ownership to private companies, without term limits on the property rights . While the law was promoted as a "reforestation" measure, critics claimed the privatization measure would in fact encourage further deforestation of the Amazon, while surrendering the nation's rights over natural resources to foreign investors and leaving uncertain the fate of Peru's indigenous people, who do not typically hold formal title to the forestlands on which they subsist . Law 840 met widespread resistance and was eventually repealed by Peru's legislature for being unconstitutional . </P> <P> In 2015 illegal deforestation of the amazon was on the rise again for the first time in decades, this was largely a result of consumer demand for products like palm oil . As consumer pressure increases, Brazilian farmers clear their land to make more space for crops like palm oil, and soy Also studies done by Greenpeace showed that 300 billion tons of carbon, 40 times the emissions from fossil fuels released into the atmosphere annually by deforestation . In addition to the carbon release associated with deforestation, NASA has estimated that if deforestation levels proceed, the remaining worlds forests will disappear in about 100 years . The Brazilian government adopted a program called RED (United Nations Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation Program) in order to help prevent deforestation . The RED program has helped more than 44 countries across Africa with the development of education programs, and has donated more than 117 million to the program . </P> <P> Deforestation of the Amazon rainforest can be attributed to many different factors at local, national, and international levels . The rainforest is seen as a resource for cattle pasture, valuable hardwoods, housing space, farming space (especially for soybeans), road works (such as highways and smaller roads) and medicines . </P> <P> A 2009 Greenpeace report found that the cattle sector in the Brazilian Amazon, supported by the international beef and leather trades, was responsible for about 80% of all deforestation in the region, or about 14% of the world's total annual deforestation, making it the largest single driver of deforestation in the world . According to a 2006 report by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 70% of formerly forested land in the Amazon, and 91% of land deforested since 1970, is used for livestock pasture . </P>

What are the main causes of deforestation in the amazon basin
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