<P> Djibouti is a multi-ethnic nation with a population of over 942,333 inhabitants . Arabic and French are the country's two official languages . About 94% of residents adhere to Islam, which is the official religion and has been predominant in the region for more than a thousand years . The Somali Issa and Afar make up the two largest ethnic groups . Both speak Afroasiatic languages, which serve as recognized national languages . </P> <P> Djibouti is strategically located near some of the world's busiest shipping lanes, controlling access to the Red Sea and Indian Ocean . It serves as a key refuelling and transshipment center, and is the principal maritime port for imports from and exports to neighboring Ethiopia . A burgeoning commercial hub, the nation is the site of various foreign military bases, including Camp Lemonnier . The Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD) regional body also has its headquarters in Djibouti City . </P> <P> The Djibouti area has been inhabited since at least the Neolithic . According to linguists, the first Afroasiatic - speaking populations arrived in the region during this period from the family's proposed urheimat ("original homeland") in the Nile Valley, or the Near East . Other scholars propose that the Afroasiatic family developed in situ in the Horn, with its speakers subsequently dispersing from there . </P> <P> Pottery predating the mid-2nd millennium has been found at Asa Koma, an inland lake area on the Gobaad Plain . The site's ware is characterized by punctate and incision geometric designs, which bear a similarity to the Sabir culture phase 1 ceramics from Ma'layba in Southern Arabia . Long - horned humpless cattle bones have likewise been discovered at Asa Koma, suggesting that domesticated cattle were present by around 3,500 years ago . Rock art of what appear to be antelopes and a giraffe are also found at Dorra and Balho . Handoga, dated to the fourth millennium BP, has in turn yielded obsidian microliths and plain ceramics used by early nomadic pastoralists with domesticated cattle . </P>

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