<P> By contrast, there was also a smaller but influential stream of anti-New Deal art . Gutzon Borglum's sculptures on Mount Rushmore emphasized great men in history (his designs had the approval of Calvin Coolidge). Gertrude Stein and Ernest Hemingway disliked the New Deal and celebrated the autonomy of perfected written work as opposed to the New Deal idea of writing as performative labor . The Southern Agrarians celebrated a premodern regionalism and opposed the TVA as a modernizing, disruptive force . Cass Gilbert, a conservative who believed architecture should reflect historic traditions and the established social order, designed the new Supreme Court building (1935). Its classical lines and small size contrasted sharply with the gargantuan modernistic federal buildings going up in the Washington Mall that he detested . Hollywood managed to synthesize liberal and conservative streams as in Busby Berkeley's Gold Digger musicals, where the storylines exalt individual autonomy while the spectacular musical numbers show abstract populations of interchangeable dancers securely contained within patterns beyond their control . </P> <P> The New Deal had many programs and new agencies, most of which were universally known by their initials . Most were abolished during World War II while others remain in operation today . They included the following: </P> <Ul> <Li> National Youth Administration (NYA), 1935: program that focused on providing work and education for Americans between the ages of 16 and 25 . Ended in 1943 . </Li> <Li> Reconstruction Finance Corporation (RFC): a Hoover agency expanded under Jesse Holman Jones to make large loans to big business . Ended in 1954 . </Li> </Ul> <Li> National Youth Administration (NYA), 1935: program that focused on providing work and education for Americans between the ages of 16 and 25 . Ended in 1943 . </Li>

Who claimed that the new deal policies were inadequate and proposed a social program called