<P> Federal administrative agencies, when granted the power to do so in a statutory grant of authority from Congress, may promulgate rules that have the effect of substantive law . Agencies "legislate" through rulemaking--the power to promulgate (or issue) regulations . Regulations are codified in the Code of Federal Regulations . </P> <P> Section 551 of the Administrative Procedure Act gives the following definitions: </P> <Ul> <Li> Rulemaking is "an agency process for formulating, amending, or repealing a rule ." </Li> <Li> A rule in turn is "the whole or a part of an agency statement of general or particular applicability and future effect designed to implement, interpret, or prescribe law or policy ." </Li> </Ul> <Li> Rulemaking is "an agency process for formulating, amending, or repealing a rule ." </Li>

Which of the following is not a substantive power of congress