<P> The Piano Lesson is a 1987 play by American playwright August Wilson . It is the fourth play in Wilson's The Pittsburgh Cycle . Wilson began writing this play by playing with the various answers regarding the possibility of "acquir (ing) a sense of self - worth by denying one's past". The Piano Lesson received the 1990 Pulitzer Prize for Drama . </P> <P> A Romare Bearden painting, The Piano Lesson, inspired Wilson to write a play featuring a strong female character to confront African - American history, paralleling Troy in earlier Fences . However, on finishing his play, Wilson found the ending to stray from the empowered female character as well as from the question regarding self - worth . What The Piano Lesson finally seems to ask is: "What do you do with your legacy, and how do you best put it to use?" </P> <P> Set in 1936 Pittsburgh during the aftermath of the Great Depression, The Piano Lesson follows the lives of the Charles family in the Doaker Charles household and an heirloom, the family piano . The play focuses on the arguments between a brother and a sister who have different ideas on what to do with the piano . The brother, Boy Willie, is a sharecropper who wants to sell the piano to buy the land (Sutter's land) where his ancestors toiled as slaves . The sister, Berniece, remains emphatic about keeping the piano, which shows the carved faces of their great - grandfather's wife and son during the days of their enslavement . </P> <P> Act 1, Scene 1 Boy Willie and Lymon arrive in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, from Mississippi and enter the Charles' household at five in the morning . They have brought a truck of watermelons to sell . Against Doaker's advice, Boy Willie wakes his sister Berniece, and tells her of Sutter's death . Berniece accuses Boy Willie of shoving Sutter down a well, and she asks him to leave . Instead, Boy Willie wakes Berniece's daughter, Maretha, causing Berniece to run back up the stairs where she sees Sutter's ghost . Lymon notices the piano which Willie intends to sell to buy Sutter's land . Doaker insists that Berniece will not sell the piano, because she refused to sell when Avery brought a buyer to the house . Willie insists that he will convince her . Maretha comes downstairs, and Willie asks her to play the piano . She plays the beginning of a few simple tunes, and he answers her song with a boogie - woogie . Berniece enters with Avery, and Willie asks whether she still has the prospective buyer's name, explaining he came to Pittsburgh to sell the piano . Berniece refuses to listen and walks out . </P>

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