<P> The Naturalization Act of 1795 increased the residency requirement to five years residence and added a requirement to give a three years notice of intention to apply for citizenship, and the Naturalization Act of 1798 further increased the residency requirement to 14 years and required five years notice of intent to apply for citizenship . </P> <P> The Naturalization Law of 1802 repealed the Naturalization Act of 1798 . </P> <P> The Fourteenth Amendment, passed in 1868, protects children born in the United States . The phrase: "All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside" was interpreted by the Supreme Court in the 1898 case United States v. Wong Kim Ark as covering everyone born in the U.S. to parents who had at the time a permanent domicile and residence in the United States, regardless of the parents' citizenship, with the exception of the children of diplomats and Native Americans . See the articles jus soli (birthplace) and jus sanguinis (bloodline) for further discussion . </P> <P> In 1870, the law was broadened to allow blacks to be naturalized . Asian immigrants were excluded from naturalization but not from living in the United States . There were also significant restrictions on some Asians at the state level; in California, for example, non-citizen Asians were not allowed to own land . </P>

History of immigration laws in the united states