<Dl> <Dd> A number of different theories, sometimes connected with some of the processes above, explain state formation in terms of the evolution of leadership systems . This argument sees human society as evolving from tribes or chiefdoms into states through a gradual process of transformation that lets a small group hierarchically structure society and maintain order through appropriation of symbols of power . Groups that gained power in tribal society gradually worked towards building the hierarchy and segmentation that created the state . </Dd> </Dl> <Dd> A number of different theories, sometimes connected with some of the processes above, explain state formation in terms of the evolution of leadership systems . This argument sees human society as evolving from tribes or chiefdoms into states through a gradual process of transformation that lets a small group hierarchically structure society and maintain order through appropriation of symbols of power . Groups that gained power in tribal society gradually worked towards building the hierarchy and segmentation that created the state . </Dd> <Dl> <Dd> <Dl> <Dd> Elman Service (1915 - 1996) proposed that, unlike in economic stratification theories, the state largely creates stratification in society rather than being created to defend that stratification . Bureaucracy evolves to support the leadership structure in tribes and uses religious hierarchy and economic stratification as a means to further increase its power . Warfare may play a key role in the situation, because it allows leaders to distribute benefits in ways that serve their interests, however it is a constant that feeds the system rather than an autonomous factor . Similarly, anthropologist Henry T. Wright argues (2006) that competitive and conflictual environments produce political experimentation leading to the development of the state . As opposed to theories that the state develops through chance or tinkering, experimentation involves a more directed process where tribal leaders learn from organization forms of the past and from the outcomes they produced . </Dd> </Dl> </Dd> </Dl> <Dd> <Dl> <Dd> Elman Service (1915 - 1996) proposed that, unlike in economic stratification theories, the state largely creates stratification in society rather than being created to defend that stratification . Bureaucracy evolves to support the leadership structure in tribes and uses religious hierarchy and economic stratification as a means to further increase its power . Warfare may play a key role in the situation, because it allows leaders to distribute benefits in ways that serve their interests, however it is a constant that feeds the system rather than an autonomous factor . Similarly, anthropologist Henry T. Wright argues (2006) that competitive and conflictual environments produce political experimentation leading to the development of the state . As opposed to theories that the state develops through chance or tinkering, experimentation involves a more directed process where tribal leaders learn from organization forms of the past and from the outcomes they produced . </Dd> </Dl> </Dd>

Transition from pre state to state in early north india