<P> During recesses of the Senate, the President may appoint officers, but their commissions expire at the conclusion of the Senate's next session . </P> <P> He shall from time to time give to the Congress Information of the State of the Union, and recommend to their Consideration such Measures as he shall judge necessary and expedient; he may, on extraordinary Occasions, convene both Houses, or either of them, and in Case of Disagreement between them, with Respect to the Time of Adjournment, he may adjourn them to such Time as he shall think proper; he shall receive Ambassadors and other public Ministers; he shall take Care that the Laws be faithfully executed, and shall Commission all the Officers of the United States . </P> <P> The President must give the Congress information on the "State of the Union" "from time to time ." This is called the State of the Union Clause . Originally, Presidents personally delivered annual addresses to Congress . Thomas Jefferson, who felt that the procedure resembled the speech from the throne delivered by British monarchs, chose instead to send written messages to Congress for reading by clerks . Jefferson's procedure was followed by future Presidents until Woodrow Wilson reverted to the former procedure of personally addressing Congress, which has continued to this day . </P> <P> Kesavan and Sidak explain the purpose of the State of the Union clause: </P>

Article ii of the u.s. constitution defines the president as which of the following