<P> Ceceo is a phenomenon found in a few dialects of southern Spain in which / s / and / θ / are not distinguished and there is only one coronal fricative phoneme realized as (s̟), a sibilant sounding somewhat like (θ), but not identical . Ceceo is found primarily in some varieties of Andalusian Spanish, although Hualde reports that there is some evidence of it in parts of Central America . A publication of the University of Oviedo also notes that the ceceo can be found in Argentina and Chile . Other linguists have noticed the use of ceceo in parts of Puerto Rico, Honduras, and Venezuela . It is a largely rural pronunciation and is often stigmatized . </P> <P> Many speakers of ceceo and seseo dialects in Spain show sociolinguistic variation in usage . In some cases, this variation may arise when a ceceo or seseo speaker more or less consciously attempts to use distinción in response to sociolinguistic pressure (hypercorrection). However, as, for instance, in the case of the variation between the standard velar nasal and alveolar pronunciation of the nasal in - ing in English (walking versus walkin'), the switching may be entirely unconscious . It is perhaps evidence of the saliency of three - way ceceo - seseo - distinción variation that inconsistent use has elicited evaluative comments by some traditional Spanish dialectologists . For instance, Dalbor (1980) discussed it as "sporadic or chaotic switching (between / s / and / θ /) and the use of intermediate sounds impossible to determine with precision". Obaid (1973) proposes the synonymous terms ceseo and seceo to refer to these "mixed" patterns, and notes surprise at a speaker who produced all four possible pronunciations of Zaragoza within the space of a few minutes . In fact, sociolinguistic variation is typically highly structured in terms of how often each variant will appear given various social and linguistic independent variables . The Spanish spoken by the inhabitants of the Canary Islands is exclusively seseante, but exclusive seseo is quite rare in mainland Spain--even in areas, such as Seville, listed as being majority seseante . </P> <P> A persistent urban legend claims that the prevalence of the sound / θ / in Spanish can be traced back to a Spanish king who spoke with a lisp, and whose pronunciation spread by prestige borrowing to the rest of the population . This myth has been discredited by scholars for lack of evidence . Lundeberg (1947) traces the origins of the legend back to a chronicle of Pero López de Ayala stating that Peter of Castile "lisped a little" ("ceceaba un poco") however he reigned in the 14th century and the sound / θ / began to develop in the 16th century (see below). Moreover, it is clear that a true lisp would not give rise to the systematic distinction between / s / and / θ / that characterizes Standard Peninsular pronunciation . For example, a lisp would lead one to pronounce both siento (' I feel') and ciento (' hundred') the same (as (θjento)) whereas in Standard Peninsular Spanish they are pronounced (ˈsjento) and (ˈθjento), respectively . </P> <P> For native speakers of seseo varieties of Spanish, in which / θ / is absent, the presence of this phoneme in European speakers does not appear strange . However, it might be striking for learners of Spanish in North America, where people are more familiar with seseo pronunciation, and indeed gives an impression of "lispiness". The misnomer "Castilian lisp" is used occasionally to refer to this aspect of Peninsular pronunciation (in both distinción and ceceo varieties). </P>

Why is spain spanish spoken with a lisp
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