<Tr> <Td> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <P> Environmental determinism (also known as climatic determinism or geographical determinism) is the study of how the physical environment predisposes societies and states towards particular development trajectories . Nineteenth century approaches held that climate and terrain largely determined human activity and psychology, and it was associated with institutionalized racism and eugenics . Many scholars underscore that this approach supported colonialism and eurocentrism, and devalued human agency in non-Western societies . Jared Diamond, Jeffrey Herbst, and other social scientists sparked a revival of the theory during the late twentieth century . This "neo-environmental determinism" school of thought examines how geographic and ecological forces influence state - building, economic development, and institutions . </P> <P> Early theories of environmental determinism in Ancient China, Ancient Greece, Ancient Rome suggested that environmental features completely determined the physical and intellectual qualities of whole societies . Guan Zhong (720--645 BC), an early chancellor in China, held that the qualities of major rivers shaped the character of surrounding peoples . Swift and twisting rivers made people "greedy, uncouth, and warlike". The ancient Greek philosopher Hippocrates wrote a similar account in his treatise "Airs, Waters, Places". </P>

What is the difference between possiblism and environmental determinism
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