<P> Large ranches exist in the Amarillo area: among others, the defunct XIT Ranch and the still functioning JA Ranch founded in 1877 by Charles Goodnight and John George Adair . Goodnight continued the partnership for a time after Adair's death with Adair's widow, Cornelia Wadsworth Ritchie Adair, who was then the sole owner from 1887 until her death in 1921 . </P> <P> During April 1887, J.I. Berry established a site for a town after he chose a well - watered section along the way of the Fort Worth and Denver City Railroad, which had begun building across the Texas Panhandle . Berry and Colorado City, Texas, merchants wanted to make their new town site the region's main trading center . On August 30, 1887, Berry's town site won the county seat election and was established in Potter County . Availability of the railroad and freight service after the county seat election made the town a fast - growing cattle - marketing center . </P> <P> The settlement originally was called Oneida; it later changed its name to Amarillo, which probably derives from yellow wildflowers that were plentiful during the spring and summer or the nearby Amarillo Lake and Amarillo Creek, named in turn for the yellow soil along their banks and shores (Amarillo is the Spanish word for the color yellow). Early residents originally pronounced the city's name more similar to the Spanish pronunciation / ˌɑːməˈriːjoʊ / ah - mə - REE - yoh, which later gave way to the current pronunciation . </P> <P> On June 19, 1888, Henry B. Sanborn, who is given credit as the "Father of Amarillo", and his business partner Joseph F. Glidden began buying land to the east to move Amarillo after arguing that Berry's site was on low ground and would flood during rainstorms . Sanborn also offered to trade lots in the new location to businesses in the original city's site and help with the expense of moving to new buildings . His incentives gradually won over people, who moved their businesses to Polk Street in the new commercial district . Heavy rains almost flooded Berry's part of the town in 1889, prompting more people to move to Sanborn's location . This eventually led to another county seat election making Sanborn's town the new county seat in 1893 . </P>

A city in texas known for its yellow soil and wildflowers
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