<P> The historically important towns of Sarnath and Kushinagar are near to gorakhpur and are located not far from Varanasi . Gautama Buddha gave his first sermon after his enlightenment at Sarnath and died at Kushinagar; both are important pilgrimage sites for Buddhists . Also at Sarnath are the Pillars of Ashoka and the Lion Capital of Ashoka, both important archaeological artefacts with national significance . At a distance of 80 km from Varanasi, Ghazipur is famous not only for its Ghats on the Ganges but also for the tomb of Lord Cornwallis, the 18th - century Governor of East India Company ruled Bengal Presidency . The tomb is maintained by the Archaeological Survey of India . The state also has a bird sanctuary in Etah district called Patna Bird Sanctuary . </P> <P> Lucknow, the capital of the state, has several beautiful historical monuments . It has also preserved the damaged complex of the Oudh - period British Resident's quarters, which are being restored . Uttar Pradesh gives access to three World Heritage Sites: the Taj Mahal, Agra Fort, and the nearby Fatehpur Sikri . Varanasi is an ancient city famous for its ghats . To promote tourism, the Directorate of Tourism was established in the 1972 with a Director General who is an IAS . officer . In 1974 the Uttar Pradesh State Tourism Development Corporation was established to look after the commercial tourist activities . </P> <P> Uttar Pradesh has a large public as well as private healthcare infrastructure . But the performance of the state on various health parameters is not encouraging . Although an extensive infrastructural network of Medical and Health services in the government as well as private sectors has been created over the years, the available health infrastructure is inadequate to meet the demand for health services in the state . In 15 years to 2012--13, the population of Uttar Pradesh increased by more than 25 per cent . However, the public health centres, which are the frontline of the government's health care system, decreased by 8 per cent . Smaller sub-centres, the first point of public contact, increased by no more than 2 per cent over the 25 years to 2015, a period when the population grew by more than 51 per cent . A newborn in Uttar Pradesh is expected to live four years fewer than in the neighboring state of Bihar, five years fewer than in Haryana and seven years fewer than in Himachal Pradesh . Uttar Pradesh contributed to the largest share of almost all communicable and noncommunicable disease deaths, including 48 per cent of all typhoid deaths (2014); 17 per cent of cancer deaths and 18 per cent of tuberculosis deaths (2015). After Assam, Uttar Pradesh has India's second - highest maternal mortality rate, 285 maternal deaths for every 100,000 live births (2013), with 62 percent of pregnant women unable to access minimum ante - natal care . </P> <P> Around 42 per cent of pregnant women, more than 1.5 million, deliver babies at home . About two - thirds (61 per cent) of childbirths at home in Uttar Pradesh are unsafe . State has the highest child mortality indicators, from the neonatal mortality rate (NNMR) to the under - five mortality rate of 64 children who die per 1,000 live births before five years of age, 35 die within a month of birth, and 50 do not complete a year of life . A third of the rural population in the state has been deprived of primary healthcare infrastructure, according to the norms of the Indian Public Health Standards . </P>

Which indian state shares its border with the most number of states in india