<Tr> <Td> Jubail Church </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Al - Jubail </Td> <Td> Saudi Arabia </Td> <Td> 4th century </Td> <Td> Assyrian Church </Td> <Td> The government hides it from locals and bans foreigners from openly visiting it--even archaeologists . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Church of St Peter </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Antioch (Antakya) </Td> <Td> Turkey </Td> <Td> 4th or 5th century </Td> <Td> Syriac Orthodox </Td> <Td> Cave church used by very first Christians of Antioch, where St. Peter presided as bishop . Known by its original Aramaic name of Knisset Mar Semaan Kefa . Extensively reconstructed, with oldest surviving elements from 4th or 5th century . </Td> </Tr> <Table> <Tr> <Th> hide Building </Th> <Th> Image </Th> <Th> Location </Th> <Th> Country </Th> <Th> Oldest Part </Th> <Th> Denomination </Th> <Th> Notes </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Cathedral of Saint Domnius </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Split </Td> <Td> Croatia </Td> <Td> 295--305 </Td> <Td> Roman Catholic </Td> <Td> Built 295--305 as the Mausoleum of emperor Diocletian, is the second oldest structure used by any Christian Cathedral . Consecrated in 641 AD, is regarded as the oldest Catholic cathedral in the world that remains in use in its original structure, without near - complete renovation at a later date . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Rotunda of St. George </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Thessaloniki </Td> <Td> Greece </Td> <Td> 306 </Td> <Td> Greek Orthodox </Td> <Td> Built as an imperial mausoleum or temple, currently a museum, with church access for various festivities . Largely as built in 305; consecrated later in the century . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Santi Cosma e Damiano </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Rome </Td> <Td> Italy </Td> <Td> c. 309 </Td> <Td> Roman Catholic </Td> <Td> Occupies the former space of the Temple of Romulus in the Roman Forum . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Panagia Ekatontapiliani </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Parikia </Td> <Td> Greece </Td> <Td> 326 </Td> <Td> Greek Orthodox </Td> <Td> Panagia Ekatontapyliani (also known as the Church of 100 Doors) is a historic Byzantine church complex . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Stavrovouni Monastery </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Larnaca </Td> <Td> Cyprus </Td> <Td> 327--329 </Td> <Td> Greek Orthodox </Td> <Td> It was founded by Saint Helena the mother of the Byzantine Emperor Constantine the Great at the place where after a miracle she found the lost Holy Cross on her way back from her pilgrimage to the Holy Land . Saint Helena went on the pilgrimage after the First Ecumenical Synod in Nicaea (325). The monastery has a piece of the Holy Cross left there by Saint Helena . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> St. Peter's Basilica </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Vatican City </Td> <Td> Vatican City State </Td> <Td> 333 </Td> <Td> Roman Catholic </Td> <Td> Largest church in the world and the seat of Roman Catholicism, the current church (1635) is built on the site of the original basilica and the grave of St. Peter (who was martyred in Rome). The actual grave is visible in excavations under the church . The original floor and columns are visible in a space under the 17th - century floor . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Santa Maria in Trastevere </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Rome </Td> <Td> Italy </Td> <Td> 340 </Td> <Td> Roman Catholic </Td> <Td> The first sanctuary was built in 221 and 227 by Pope Callixtus I and later completed by Julius I, but the oldest parts of the present church, the wall structure and floors, date from 340 AD </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Cathedral of Trier </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Trier </Td> <Td> Germany </Td> <Td> 340 </Td> <Td> Roman Catholic </Td> <Td> Oldest cathedral in Germany, and still in use today . Its construction was overseen by Bishop Maximin of Trier, the construction of the grandest ensemble of ecclesiastical structures in the West outside Rome . A few 4th - century elements remain in a mainly Romanesque building . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Basilica di San Lorenzo </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Milan </Td> <Td> Italy </Td> <Td> 364 </Td> <Td> Roman Catholic </Td> <Td> When built, it was the biggest circular church building standing . It was an inspiration for the Hagia Sofia in Constantinople . Few ancient features remain . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Basilica di San Simpliciano </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Milan </Td> <Td> Italy </Td> <Td> c. 374 </Td> <Td> Roman Catholic </Td> <Td> Exterior walls are original from the late 4th century . Roman basilica windows as in Cathedral of Trier are still visible on the flanks of the basilica . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Basilica of Saint - Pierre - aux - Nonnains </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Metz </Td> <Td> France </Td> <Td> 380 </Td> <Td> Roman Catholic </Td> <Td> Originally built to be part of a Roman spa complex, the structure was converted into use as a church in the 7th century when it became the chapel of a Benedictine monastery . It is the oldest church building in France . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> San Nazaro in Brolo </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Milan </Td> <Td> Italy </Td> <Td> c. 382 </Td> <Td> Roman Catholic </Td> <Td> One of the earliest Latin cross buildings in western Europe; retains few ancient features . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> San Paolo fuori le mura </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Rome </Td> <Td> Italy </Td> <Td> 386 </Td> <Td> Roman Catholic </Td> <Td> One of the four major Constantinian basilicas in Rome, and the only one to retain its antique character, the basilica was heavily damaged by an 1823 fire . It was rebuilt true to form, however, so it remains one of the best "preserved" Constantinian basilicas in the Roman world . All that remain of the ancient basilica are the interior portions of the apse and the triumphal arch . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Santi Giovanni e Paolo </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Rome </Td> <Td> Italy </Td> <Td> 398 </Td> <Td> Roman Catholic </Td> <Td> A 4th - century basilica was erected on the site of one of the most well - preserved "house churches" of early Christianity (dating from the 1st, 2nd or 3rd century), with intact fresco decoration . The houses are part of a museum currently, but the basilica still functions as a church . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Lullingstone Roman Villa </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Eynsford, Kent </Td> <Td> England </Td> <Td> 4th century </Td> <Td> Early Christian </Td> <Td> Room in a large Roman villa turned into a Christian chapel or house church, with wall - paintings surviving (Chi - Rho, largely restored, illustrated) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Basilica di Sant'Eustorgio ruins </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Milan </Td> <Td> Italy </Td> <Td> c. 4th century </Td> <Td> Roman Catholic </Td> <Td> Some ruins remain of the apse of the ancient basilica . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Church of St. George </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Sofia </Td> <Td> Bulgaria </Td> <Td> 4th century </Td> <Td> Bulgarian Orthodox </Td> <Td> Built by the Romans with many later additions, St. George is the oldest building in Sofia and the only one dating from the Roman era . Still a functioning church . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Aula Palatina (Konstantinbasilika) </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Trier </Td> <Td> Germany </Td> <Td> 4th century </Td> <Td> Evangelical Church in the Rhineland </Td> <Td> A Roman palace basilica that was built by the Emperor Constantine at the beginning of the 4th century . The basilica contains the largest extant hall from antiquity . The church was converted to Protestant use from its original Roman Catholic use in 1856 . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Santi Nereo e Achilleo </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Rome </Td> <Td> Italy </Td> <Td> 4th century </Td> <Td> Roman Catholic </Td> <Td> Adjoins the Baths of Caracalla at the site where St. Peter is said to have dropped the cloth covering his wounds upon his removal from the Mamertine Prison . First referenced in 336, a 15th - century basilica sits on its original site; only the columns are original . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Santa Pudenziana </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Rome </Td> <Td> Italy </Td> <Td> 4th century </Td> <Td> Roman Catholic </Td> <Td> Retains original and unique late Roman mosaic decoration . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> San Clemente al Laterano </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Rome </Td> <Td> Italy </Td> <Td> 4th century </Td> <Td> Roman Catholic </Td> <Td> The present basilica was built just before the year 1100, but beneath it is an intact 4th - century basilica that had been converted out of the home of a Roman nobleman, part of which had in the 1st century briefly served as an early church . This ancient basilica retains fresco decoration (see image). The basement the house had in the 2nd century briefly served as a mithraeum . The home of the Roman nobleman had been built on the foundations of a republican era building that had been destroyed in the Great Fire of Rome in 64 AD . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Santa Costanza </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Rome </Td> <Td> Italy </Td> <Td> 4th century </Td> <Td> Roman Catholic </Td> <Td> Built under Constantine as a mausoleum for his daughter, Costanza . Retains many original mosaic decorations, and her porphyry sarcophagus is a gem of the Vatican Museum . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Santi Quattro Coronati </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Rome </Td> <Td> Italy </Td> <Td> 4th century </Td> <Td> Roman Catholic </Td> <Td> Sanctuary is located in an isolated green area of Rome, so it retains the ambience of the area in antiquity . </Td> </Tr> </Table> <Tr> <Th> hide Building </Th> <Th> Image </Th> <Th> Location </Th> <Th> Country </Th> <Th> Oldest Part </Th> <Th> Denomination </Th> <Th> Notes </Th> </Tr>

What is the oldest catholic church in rome
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