<P> He shall from time to time give to the Congress Information of the State of the Union, and recommend to their Consideration such Measures as he shall judge necessary and expedient; he may, on extraordinary Occasions, convene both Houses, or either of them, and in Case of Disagreement between them, with Respect to the Time of Adjournment, he may adjourn them to such Time as he shall think proper; he shall receive Ambassadors and other public Ministers; he shall take Care that the Laws be faithfully executed, and shall Commission all the Officers of the United States . </P> <P> The President must give the Congress information on the "State of the Union" "from time to time ." This is called the State of the Union Clause . Originally, Presidents personally delivered annual addresses to Congress . Thomas Jefferson, who felt that the procedure resembled the speech from the throne delivered by British monarchs, chose instead to send written messages to Congress for reading by clerks . Jefferson's procedure was followed by future Presidents until Woodrow Wilson reverted to the former procedure of personally addressing Congress, which has continued to this day . </P> <P> Kesavan and Sidak explain the purpose of the State of the Union clause: </P> <P> The State of the Union Clause imposes an executive duty on the President . That duty must be discharged periodically . The President's assessment of the State of the Union must be publicized to Congress, and thus to the nation . The publication of the President's assessment conveys information to Congress - information uniquely gleaned from the President's perspective in his various roles as Commander - in - Chief, chief law enforcer, negotiator with foreign powers, and the like - that shall aid the legislature in public deliberation on matters that may justify the enactment of legislation because of their national importance . </P>

According to the constitution the president has the authority to do all except