<P> Mughal Emperor Humayun was defeated by Sher Shah Suri in 1540 and fled to the refuge of the powerful Safavid Empire in Iran, marching with 40 men and his wife . Shah Tahmasp welcomed the Mughal, and treated him as a royal visitor . Here Humayun went sightseeing and was amazed at the Persian artwork, military might and architecture he saw: much of this was the work of the Timurid Sultan Husayn Bayqarah and his ancestor, princess Gauhar Shad, thus he was able to admire the work of his relatives and ancestors at first hand . He was introduced to the work of the Persian miniaturists, and Kamaleddin Behzad had two of his pupils join Humayun in his court . Humayun was amazed at their work and asked if they would work for him if he were to regain the sovereignty of Hindustan and they agreed . </P> <P> Shah Tahmasp provided financial aid and a large choice of cavalry to regain his Empire . Persians nobles and soldiers joined Humayun in reconquest of South Asia . </P> <P> The Turkic Turani nobility tended to fade away from the political scene and the Persian nobles improved their position . During 1545--1555 A.D. a number of Persians who came in Humayun's service were appointed to important central offices, such as diwan, wazir, and mir - saman (In charge of Imperial Palace). </P> <P> Ma'âṣer al - Omarâ was written by Shah Nawaz Khan and his son,' Abd al - Hayy in 1780 . This book contains the biographies of 738 Mughal nobles of which at least 198 or 26.8 per cent were Persians </P>

Who were known as turanis at mughal court