<Li> A rotary encoder converts rotary position to an analog (e.g., analog quadrature) or digital (e.g., digital quadrature, 32 - bit parallel, or USB) electronic signal . </Li> <Li> A linear encoder similarly converts linear position to an electronic signal . </Li> <P> Such encoders can be either absolute or incremental . The signal from an absolute encoder gives an unambiguous position within the travel range without requiring knowledge of any previous position . The signal from an incremental encoder is cyclical, thus ambiguous, and requires counting of cycles to maintain absolute position within the travel range . Both can provide the same accuracy; the absolute encoder is more robust to interruptions in transducer signal, whereas the incremental encoder reports position changes in real time . </P> <Ul> <Li> A device used to change a signal (such as a bitstream) or data into a code . </Li> </Ul>

What is encoder and decoder in computer architecture