<P> Impeachment is analogous to indictment in regular court proceedings; trial by the other house is analogous to the trial before judge and jury in regular courts . Typically, the lower house of the legislature impeaches the official and the upper house conducts the trial . </P> <P> At the federal level, Article Two of the United States Constitution states in Section 4 that "The President, Vice President, and all civil Officers of the United States shall be removed from Office on Impeachment for, and conviction of, Treason, Bribery, or other High Crimes and Misdemeanors ." The House of Representatives has the sole power of impeaching, while the United States Senate has the sole power to try all impeachments . The removal of impeached officials is automatic upon conviction in the Senate . In Nixon v. United States (1993), the Supreme Court determined that the federal judiciary cannot review such proceedings . </P> <P> Impeachment can also occur at the state level: state legislatures can impeach state officials, including governors, in accordance with their respective state constitutions . </P> <P> At the Philadelphia Convention, Benjamin Franklin noted that, historically, the removal of "obnoxious" chief executives had been accomplished by assassination . Franklin suggested that a proceduralized mechanism for removal--impeachment--would be preferable . </P>

Who has the power to impeach public officials