<P> During the period 1010--1153, the Chola territories stretched from the islands of the Maldives in the south to as far north as the banks of the Godavari River in Andhra Pradesh . Rajaraja Chola conquered peninsular South India, annexed parts of which is now Sri Lanka and occupied the islands of the Maldives . Rajendra Chola sent a victorious expedition to North India that touched the river Ganges and defeated the Pala ruler of Pataliputra, Mahipala . He also successfully invaded cities of Srivijaya of Malaysia and Indonesia . The Chola dynasty went into decline at the beginning of the 13th century with the rise of the Pandyan Dynasty, which ultimately caused their downfall . </P> <P> The Cholas left a lasting legacy . Their patronage of Tamil literature and their zeal in the building of temples has resulted in some great works of Tamil literature and architecture . The Chola kings were avid builders and envisioned the temples in their kingdoms not only as places of worship but also as centres of economic activity . They pioneered a centralised form of government and established a disciplined bureaucracy . The Chola school of art spread to Southeast Asia and influenced the architecture and art of Southeast Asia . </P> <P> The Cholas are also known as the Choda . There is very little information available in regarding their origin . Its antiquity is evident from the mentions in ancient Tamil literature and in inscriptions . Later medieval Cholas also claimed a long and ancient lineage . Mentions in the early Sangam literature (c. 150 CE) indicate that the earliest kings of the dynasty antedated 100 CE . Cholas were mentioned in Ashokan Edicts of 3rd Century BCE as one of the neighboring countries existing in the South . </P> <P> A commonly held view is that Chola is, like Chera and Pandya, the name of the ruling family or clan of immemorial antiquity . The annotator Parimelazhagar said: "The charity of people with ancient lineage (such as the Cholas, the Pandyas and the Cheras) are forever generous in spite of their reduced means". Other names in common use for the Cholas are Killi (கிள்ளி), Valavan (வளவன்) and Sembiyan (செம்பியன்). Killi perhaps comes from the Tamil kil (கிள்) meaning dig or cleave and conveys the idea of a digger or a worker of the land . This word often forms an integral part of early Chola names like Nedunkilli, Nalankilli and so on, but almost drops out of use in later times . Valavan is most probably connected with "valam" (வளம்)--fertility and means owner or ruler of a fertile country . Sembiyan is generally taken to mean a descendant of Shibi--a legendary hero whose self - sacrifice in saving a dove from the pursuit of a falcon figures among the early Chola legends and forms the subject matter of the Sibi Jataka among the Jataka stories of Buddhism . In Tamil lexicon Chola means Soazhi or Saei denoting a newly formed kingdom, in the lines of Pandya or the old country . </P>

Who laid the foundation of the chola empire
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