<P> Chinese immigration to California boomed during the Gold Rush of 1852, but the strict Japanese government practiced policies of isolation that thwarted Japanese emigration . It was not until 1868 that the Japanese government lessened restrictions and Japanese immigration to the United States began . Anti-Chinese sentiment motivated American entrepreneurs to recruit Japanese laborers . In 1885, the first Japanese workers arrived in the independent Kingdom of Hawaii . </P> <P> Most Japanese immigrants wanted to reside in America permanently and came in family groups (in contrast to the Chinese immigration of young men, most of whom soon returned). They assimilated to American social norms and clothing styles . Many joined Methodist and Presbyterian churches . </P> <P> As the Japanese population in California grew they were seen with suspicion as an entering wedge by Japan . By 1905, anti-Japanese rhetoric filled the pages of the San Francisco Chronicle . In 1905 the Japanese and Korean Exclusion League was established . The Japanese and Korean Exclusion League established four policies in 1905: </P> <Ol> <Li> Extension of the Chinese Exclusion Act to include Japanese and Koreans </Li> <Li> Exclusion by League members of Japanese employees and the hiring of firms that employ Japanese </Li> <Li> Initiation of pressure the School Board to segregate Japanese from white children </Li> <Li> Initiation of a propaganda campaign to inform Congress and the President of this "menace". </Li> </Ol>

Tensions mounted between asia and the u.s. when san francisco’s school board