<P> Judicial review is a process under which executive and (in some countries) legislative actions are subject to review by the judiciary . A court with judicial review power may invalidate laws and decisions that are incompatible with a higher authority; an executive decision may be invalidated for being unlawful or a statute may be invalidated for violating the terms of a written constitution . Judicial review is one of the checks and balances in the separation of powers: the power of the judiciary to supervise the legislative and executive branches when the latter exceed their authority . The doctrine varies between jurisdictions, so the procedure and scope of judicial review may differ between and within countries . </P> <P> Judicial review can be understood in the context of two distinct--but parallel--legal systems, civil law and common law, and also by two distinct theories of democracy regarding the manner in which government should be organized with respect to the principles and doctrines of legislative supremacy and the separation of powers . </P>

Why should the judiciary have the power to use judicial review
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