<Li> Electromagnetic suspension (EMS), electronically controlled electromagnets in the train attract it to a magnetically conductive (usually steel) track . </Li> <Li> Electrodynamic suspension (EDS) uses superconducting electromagnets or strong permanent magnets that create a magnetic field, which induces currents in nearby metallic conductors when there is relative movement, which pushes and pulls the train towards the designed levitation position on the guide way . </Li> <P> Another technology, which was designed, proven mathematically, peer - reviewed, and patented, but is, as of May 2015, unbuilt, is magnetodynamic suspension (MDS). It uses the attractive magnetic force of a permanent magnet array near a steel track to lift the train and hold it in place . Other technologies such as repulsive permanent magnets and superconducting magnets have seen some research . </P> <P> In electromagnetic suspension (EMS) systems, the train levitates above a steel rail while electromagnets, attached to the train, are oriented toward the rail from below . The system is typically arranged on a series of C - shaped arms, with the upper portion of the arm attached to the vehicle, and the lower inside edge containing the magnets . The rail is situated inside the C, between the upper and lower edges . </P>

How are maglev trains propelled along the track