<Ul> <Li> Code </Li> <Li> Translation <Ul> <Li> Compiler </Li> <Li> Optimizing compiler </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> Intermediate representation (IR) </Li> <Li> Execution <Ul> <Li> Runtime system </Li> <Li> Executable </Li> <Li> Interpreter </Li> <Li> Virtual machine </Li> </Ul> </Li> </Ul> <Li> Translation <Ul> <Li> Compiler </Li> <Li> Optimizing compiler </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Ul> <Li> Compiler </Li> <Li> Optimizing compiler </Li> </Ul> <Li> Intermediate representation (IR) </Li>

The os of the physical computer on which the virtual machines run