<P> Other FCC actions hurt the fledgling DuMont and ABC networks . American Telephone and Telegraph (AT&T) forced television coaxial cable users to rent additional radio long lines, discriminating against DuMont, which had no radio network operation . DuMont and ABC protested AT&T's television policies to the FCC, which regulated AT&T's long - line charges, but the commission took no action . The result was that financially marginal DuMont was spending as much in long - line charge as CBS or NBC while using only about 10 to 15 percent of the time and mileage of either larger network . </P> <P> The FCC's "Sixth Report & Order" ended the Freeze . It would take five years for the U.S. to grow from 108 stations to more than 550 . New stations came on line slowly, only five by the end of November 1952 . The Sixth Report and Order required some existing TV stations to change channels, but only a few existing VHF stations were required to move to UHF, and a handful of VHF channels were deleted altogether in smaller media markets like Peoria, Fresno, Bakersfield and Fort Wayne, Indiana to create markets which were UHF "islands ." The report also set aside a number of channels for the newly emerging field of educational television, which hindered struggling ABC and DuMont's quest for affiliates in the more desirable markets where VHF channels were reserved for non-commercial use . </P> <P> The Sixth Report and Order also provided for the "intermixture" of VHF and UHF channels in most markets; UHF transmitters in the 1950s were not yet powerful enough, nor receivers sensitive enough (if they included UHF tuners at all - they were not formally required until the 1960s All - Channel Receiver Act), to make UHF viable against entrenched VHF stations . In markets where there were no VHF stations and UHF was the only TV service available, UHF survived . In other markets, which were too small to financially support a television station, too close to VHF outlets in nearby cities, or where UHF was forced to compete with more than one well - established VHF station, UHF had little chance for success . </P> <P> Denver had been the largest U.S. city without a TV station by 1952 . Senator Edwin Johnson (D - Colorado), chair of the Senate's Interstate and Foreign Commerce Committee, had made it his personal mission to make Denver the first post-Freeze station . The Senator had pressured the FCC, and proved ultimately successful as the first new station (a VHF station) came on - line a remarkable ten days after the Commission formally announced the first post-Freeze construction permits . KFEL (now KWGN - TV)'s first regular telecast was on July 21, 1952 . </P>

Which of the following media outlets does not fall under the jurisdiction of the fcc