<P> According to Jürgen Habermas, the "substantive unity" of reason has dissolved in modern times, such that it can no longer answer the question "How should I live?" Instead, the unity of reason has to be strictly formal, or "procedural ." He thus described reason as a group of three autonomous spheres (on the model of Kant's three critiques): </P> <Ol> <Li> Cognitive - instrumental reason is the kind of reason employed by the sciences . It is used to observe events, to predict and control outcomes, and to intervene in the world on the basis of its hypotheses; </Li> <Li> Moral - practical reason is what we use to deliberate and discuss issues in the moral and political realm, according to universalizable procedures (similar to Kant's categorical imperative); and </Li> <Li> Aesthetic reason is typically found in works of art and literature, and encompasses the novel ways of seeing the world and interpreting things that those practices embody . </Li> </Ol> <Li> Cognitive - instrumental reason is the kind of reason employed by the sciences . It is used to observe events, to predict and control outcomes, and to intervene in the world on the basis of its hypotheses; </Li> <Li> Moral - practical reason is what we use to deliberate and discuss issues in the moral and political realm, according to universalizable procedures (similar to Kant's categorical imperative); and </Li>

Which mode of reasoning comes into play when seeking to explain and to predict natural phenomena