<P> The American Temperance Society (ATS), formed in 1826, helped initiate the first temperance movement and served as a foundation for many later groups . By 1835 the ATS had reached 1.5 million members, with women constituting 35% to 60% of its chapters . </P> <P> The Prohibition movement, also known as the dry crusade, continued in the 1840s, spearheaded by pietistic religious denominations, especially the Methodists . The late nineteenth century saw the temperance movement broaden its focus from abstinence to include all behavior and institutions related to alcohol consumption . Preachers such as Reverend Mark A. Matthews linked liquor - dispensing saloons with political corruption . </P> <P> Some successes were achieved in the 1850s, including the Maine law, adopted in 1851, which banned the manufacture and sale of liquor . However, it was repealed in 1856 . The temperance movement lost strength and was marginalized during the American Civil War (1861--1865). </P> <Table> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> "Save A Little Dram For Me" Prohibition era song recorded by Thomas Edison studio, 1922 . Duration 3: 29 . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan="2"> Problems playing this file? See media help . </Td> </Tr> </Table>

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