<P> The scientific method is not a single recipe: it requires intelligence, imagination, and creativity . In this sense, it is not a mindless set of standards and procedures to follow, but is rather an ongoing cycle, constantly developing more useful, accurate and comprehensive models and methods . For example, when Einstein developed the Special and General Theories of Relativity, he did not in any way refute or discount Newton's Principia . On the contrary, if the astronomically large, the vanishingly small, and the extremely fast are removed from Einstein's theories--all phenomena Newton could not have observed--Newton's equations are what remain . Einstein's theories are expansions and refinements of Newton's theories and, thus, increase confidence in Newton's work . </P> <P> A linearized, pragmatic scheme of the four points above is sometimes offered as a guideline for proceeding: </P> <Ol> <Li> Define a question </Li> <Li> Gather information and resources (observe) </Li> <Li> Form an explanatory hypothesis </Li> <Li> Test the hypothesis by performing an experiment and collecting data in a reproducible manner </Li> <Li> Analyze the data </Li> <Li> Interpret the data and draw conclusions that serve as a starting point for new hypothesis </Li> <Li> Publish results </Li> <Li> Retest (frequently done by other scientists) </Li> </Ol> <Li> Define a question </Li>

The scientific method is typically used in which industry