<Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <P> Modern history, the modern period or the modern era, is the linear, global, historiographical approach to the time frame after post-classical history . This view stands in contrast to the "organic," or non-linear, view of history first put forward by the renowned philosopher and historian, Oswald Spengler, early in the 20th century . Modern history can be further broken down into periods: </P> <Ul> <Li> The early modern period began approximately in the early 16th century; notable historical milestones included the European Renaissance, the Age of Discovery, and the Protestant Reformation . </Li> <Li> The late modern period began approximately in the mid-18th century; notable historical milestones included the French Revolution, the American Revolution, the Industrial Revolution and the Great Divergence . It took all of human history up to 1804 for the world's population to reach 1 billion; the next billion came just over a century later, in 1927 . </Li> <Li> Contemporary history is the span of historic events from approximately 1945 that are immediately relevant to the present time . </Li> </Ul> <Li> The early modern period began approximately in the early 16th century; notable historical milestones included the European Renaissance, the Age of Discovery, and the Protestant Reformation . </Li>

When did the modern period start and end