<P> Extensive impoverishment, entrenched hierarchical social divisions and the lack of correlation between educational attainment and job opportunities are often cited in studies of the hurdles literacy programs face in Bihar . Children from "lower castes" are frequently denied school attendance and harassed when they do attend . In areas where there is no discrimination, poor funding and impoverished families means that children often cannot afford textbooks and stationery . </P> <P> When children do get educated, the general lack of economic progress in the state means that government jobs are the only alternative to farming labor, yet these jobs, in practice, require bribes to secure--which poorer families cannot afford . This leads to educated youths working on the farms, much as uneducated ones do, and leads parents to question the investment of sending children to school in the first place . Bihar's government schools have also faced teacher absenteeism, leading the state government to threaten to withhold of salaries of teachers who failed to conduct classes on a regular basis . To incentivise students to attend, the government announced a Rupee 1 per school - day grant to poor children who show up at school . </P> <P> Presently Tripura has the highest literacy rate in India, 94.65 percent . According to the 2011 census, literacy level was 93.91 percent in Kerala and 91.58 percent in Mizoram, among the most literate states in the country . The national literacy rate, according to the 2011 census, was 74.04 percent . The Tripura success story is attributed to the involvement of local government bodies, including gram panchayats, NGOs and local clubs under the close supervision of the State Literacy Mission Authority (SLMA) headed by the chief minister . Tripura attained 87.75 percent literacy in the 2011 census, from the 12th position in the 2001 census to the 4th position in the 2011 census . The Tripura Chief Minister said that efforts were underway to literate leftover 5.35 percent people and achieve complete success in a state of about 3.8 million people . The programmes were not just implemented to make the state literate but as long - term education programmes to ensure all citizens have a certain basic minimum level of education . Tripura has 45 blocks and 23 subdivisions that are served by 68 government - run schools and 30 - 40 private schools . Among projects implemented by the state government to increase literacy in the state are </P> <Ul> <Li> Total literacy drive for people aged between 15 and 50 who have lost the chance of entering formal education fold . A special program--titled improved pace and content learning (IPCL)--has been designed to provide basic education to such people . </Li> <Li> 10,000 aa gan wadi centers have 100 percent enrollment . </Li> <Li> Policy of no fail till class VIII to prevent children from dropping out . </Li> <Li> Midday meals in all schools with an eclectic menu for all days of the week to attract more students . </Li> <Li> No tuition fee in government colleges . </Li> </Ul>

According to 2011 census the literacy rate of india is