<P> Between 1919 and 1922, the first non-cooperation movement began with the Rowlatt Satyagrahas under Gandhi and received widespread support from luminaries of the Indian independence movement . In Bengal, Jugantar agreed to a request by Chittaranjan Das (a prominent and respected leader of the Indian National Congress) to refrain from violence . Although Anushilan did not adhere to the agreement, it sponsored no major actions between 1920 and 1922 (when the first non-cooperation movement was suspended). During the next few years, Jugantar and Anushilan became active again . Resurgence of radical nationalism linked to the Samiti during the 1920s led to the passage of the Bengal Criminal Law Amendment Ordinance in 1924, enacted the following year . The act restored extraordinary powers of detention to the police; by 1927 more than 200 suspects were imprisoned under the act, including Subhas Chandra Bose . Its implementation curtailed a resurgence of nationalist violence in Bengal . Branches of Jugantar formed in Chittagong and Dhaka, in present - day Bangladesh . The Chittagong branch found a strong leader in Surya Sen, and in December 1923 robbed the Chittagong office of the Assam - Bengal Railway . In January 1924 a young Bengali, Gopi Mohan Saha, shot dead a European he mistook for Calcutta police commissioner Charles Tegart . The assassin was praised by the Bengali press and, to Gandhi's chagrin, proclaimed a martyr by the Bengal branch of the Congress . Around this time, Jugantar became closely associated with the Calcutta Corporation headed by Das and Subhas Chandra Bose and terrorists (and ex-terrorists) became factors in local Bengali government . </P> <P> In 1923 another Anushilan - linked group, the Hindustan Republican Association, was founded in Benares by Sachindranath Sanyal and Jogesh Chandra Chatterjee . Influential in radicalising north India, it soon had branches from Calcutta to Lahore . A series of successful dacoities in Uttar Pradesh culminated in a train robbery in Kakori, and subsequent investigations and two trials broke the organization . Several years later, it was reborn as the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association . </P> <P> In 1927, the Indian National Congress came out in favour of independence from Britain . Bengal had quietened over a four - year period, and the government released most of those interned under the Act of 1925 despite an unsuccessful attempt to forge a Jugantar - Anushilan alliance . Some younger radicals struck out in new directions, and many (young and old) took part in Congress activities such as the 1928 anti-Simon agitation . Congress leader Lala Lajpat Rai died of injuries received when police broke up a Lahore protest march in October, and Bhagat Singh and other members of the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association avenged his death in December; Singh later bombed the legislative assembly . He and other HSRA members were arrested, and three went on a hunger strike in jail; Bengali bomb - maker Jatindra Nath Das persisted until his death in September 1929 . The Calcutta Corporation passed a condolence resolution after his death, as did the Indian National Congress when Bhagat Singh was executed . </P> <P> As the Congress - led movement picked up its pace during the early 1930s, some former revolutionaries identified with the Gandhian political movement and became influential Congressmen (notably Surendra Mohan Ghose). Many Bengali Congressmen also maintained links with the Anushilan groups, and their revolutionary ideology and approach had not died away . In April 1930, Surya Sen and his associates raided the Chittagong Armoury . The Gandhi - led Salt March also saw the most active period of revolutionary terrorism in Bengal since World War I. In 1930 eleven British officials were killed, notably during the Writer's Building raid of December 1930 by Benoy Basu, Dinesh Gupta and Badal Gupta . Three successive district magistrates in Midnapore were assassinated, and dozens of other actions were carried out during the first half of the decade . Although by 1931 a record 92 violent incidents were recorded, including the murders of the British magistrates of Tippera and Midnapore, the terrorist movement in Bengal may be said to have ended in 1934 . </P>

Who established a branch of anushilan samiti in patna in 1913