<Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> This section needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . (June 2013) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) </Td> </Tr> <P> On June 6, 1822, an employee of the American Fur Company on Mackinac Island, named Alexis St. Martin, was accidentally shot in the stomach by a discharge of a shotgun loaded with a buck shot from close range that injured his ribs and his stomach . Dr. Beaumont treated his wound, but expected St. Martin to die from his injuries . Despite this dire prediction, St. Martin survived--but with a hole, or fistula, in his stomach that never fully healed . Unable to continue work for the American Fur Company, he was hired as a handyman by Dr. Beaumont . </P> <P> By August 1825, Beaumont had been relocated to Fort Niagara in New York, and Alexis St. Martin had come with him . Beaumont recognized that he had in St. Martin an unusual opportunity to observe digestive processes . Dr. Beaumont began to perform experiments on digestion using the stomach of St. Martin . Most of the experiments were conducted by tying a piece of food to a string and inserting it through the hole into St. Martin's stomach . Every few hours, Beaumont would remove the food and observe how well it had been digested . Beaumont also extracted a sample of gastric acid from St. Martin's stomach for analysis . In September, Alexis St. Martin ran away from Dr. Beaumont and moved to Canada, leaving Beaumont to concentrate on his duties as an army surgeon but Dr. Beaumont had him caught to continue to exhibit him . Beaumont also used samples of stomach acid taken out of St. Martin to "digest" bits of food in cups . This led to the important discovery that the stomach acid, and not solely the mashing, pounding and squeezing of the stomach, digests the food into nutrients the stomach can use; in other words, digestion was primarily a chemical process and not a mechanical one . </P> <P> During 1826 and 1827, Dr. Beaumont was stationed at Fort Howard in Green Bay, Wisconsin . In 1828 he was transferred to St. Louis, Missouri . While en route to St. Louis, Alexis St. Martin was ordered to stop at Fort Crawford in Prairie du Chien, Wisconsin, to serve as Dr. Beaumont's handyman again . In early 1831, Dr. Beaumont conducted another set of experiments on St. Martin's stomach, ranging from the simple observation of normal digestion to the effects that temperature, exercise and even emotions have on the digestive process . </P>

Who discovered the working of stomach and how
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