<P> * non-exhaustive list </P> <Table> <Tr> <Th> Name </Th> <Th> Type </Th> <Th> Source </Th> <Th> Description </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Lysosome granules </Td> <Td> Enzymes </Td> <Td> Granulocytes </Td> <Td> These cells contain a large variety of enzymes that perform a number of functions . Granules can be classified as either specific or azurophilic depending upon the contents, and are able to break down a number of substances, some of which may be plasma - derived proteins that allow these enzymes to act as inflammatory mediators . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Histamine </Td> <Td> Monoamine </Td> <Td> Mast cells and basophils </Td> <Td> Stored in preformed granules, histamine is released in response to a number of stimuli . It causes arteriole dilation, increased venous permeability, and a wide variety of organ - specific effects . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> IFN - γ </Td> <Td> Cytokine </Td> <Td> T - cells, NK cells </Td> <Td> Antiviral, immunoregulatory, and anti-tumour properties . This interferon was originally called macrophage - activating factor, and is especially important in the maintenance of chronic inflammation . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> IL - 8 </Td> <Td> Chemokine </Td> <Td> Primarily macrophages </Td> <Td> Activation and chemoattraction of neutrophils, with a weak effect on monocytes and eosinophils . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Leukotriene B4 </Td> <Td> Eicosanoid </Td> <Td> Leukocytes, cancer cells </Td> <Td> Able to mediate leukocyte adhesion and activation, allowing them to bind to the endothelium and migrate across it . In neutrophils, it is also a potent chemoattractant, and is able to induce the formation of reactive oxygen species and the release of lysosomal enzymes by these cells . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> LTC4, LTD4 </Td> <Td> Eicosanoid </Td> <Td> eosinophils, mast cells, macrophages </Td> <Td> These three Cysteine - containing leukotrienes contract lung airways, increase micro-vascular permeability, stimulate mucus secretion, and promote eosinophil - based inflammation in the lung, skin, nose, eye, and other tissues . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 5 - oxo - eicosatetraenoic acid </Td> <Td> Eicosanoid </Td> <Td> leukocytes, cancer cells </Td> <Td> Potent stimulator of neutrophil chemotaxis, lysosome enzyme release, and reactive oxygen species formation; monocyte chemotaxis; and with even greater potency eosinophil chemotaxis, lysosome enzyme release, and reactive oxygen species formation . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 5 - HETE </Td> <Td> Eicosanoid </Td> <Td> Leukocytes </Td> <Td> Metabolic precursor to 5 - Oxo - eicosatetraenoic acid, it is a less potent stimulator of neutrophil chemotaxis, lysosome enzyme release, and reactive oxygen species formation; monocyte chemotaxis; and eosinophil chemotaxis, lysosome enzyme release, and reactive oxygen species formation . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Prostaglandins </Td> <Td> Eicosanoid </Td> <Td> Mast cells </Td> <Td> A group of lipids that can cause vasodilation, fever, and pain . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Nitric oxide </Td> <Td> Soluble gas </Td> <Td> Macrophages, endothelial cells, some neurons </Td> <Td> Potent vasodilator, relaxes smooth muscle, reduces platelet aggregation, aids in leukocyte recruitment, direct antimicrobial activity in high concentrations . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> TNF - α and IL - 1 </Td> <Td> Cytokines </Td> <Td> Primarily macrophages </Td> <Td> Both affect a wide variety of cells to induce many similar inflammatory reactions: fever, production of cytokines, endothelial gene regulation, chemotaxis, leukocyte adherence, activation of fibroblasts . Responsible for the systemic effects of inflammation, such as loss of appetite and increased heart rate . TNF - α inhibits osteoblast differentiation . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Tryptase </Td> <Td> Enzymes </Td> <Td> Mast Cells </Td> <Td> This serine protease is believed to be exclusively stored in mast cells and secreted, along with histamine, during mast cell activation . </Td> </Tr> </Table> <Tr> <Th> Name </Th> <Th> Type </Th> <Th> Source </Th> <Th> Description </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Lysosome granules </Td> <Td> Enzymes </Td> <Td> Granulocytes </Td> <Td> These cells contain a large variety of enzymes that perform a number of functions . Granules can be classified as either specific or azurophilic depending upon the contents, and are able to break down a number of substances, some of which may be plasma - derived proteins that allow these enzymes to act as inflammatory mediators . </Td> </Tr>

The process responsible for development of oedema in acute inflammation is