<P> South Africa is a popular tourist destination, with around 860,000 arrivals per month (March 2008) of which around 210,000 is from outside the African continent . In 2012 South Africa received 9.2 million international arrivals . According to the World Travel & Tourism Council, travel and tourism directly contributed ZAR102 billion to South African GDP in 2012 and supports 10.3% of jobs in the country . Among the main attractions are the diverse and picturesque landscape, the game reserves and the highly regarded local wines . </P> <P> South Africa has a sophisticated financial structure with the JSE Securities Exchange, a large and active stock exchange that ranks 18th in the world in terms of total market capitalisation as of March 2009 . </P> <P> The banking industry, overseen by the South African Reserve Bank, is dominated by four local players: Nedbank, ABSA, Standard Bank and First Rand . These banks provide both retail and investment banking services as the sector has become highly competitive with the re-entry of many experienced foreign banks, which returned to the market in the mid-1990s, having left in the late 1980s . Banks operating in South Africa, when left short of liquidity, need to borrow from the SARB at a fluctuating repo rate, which in turn allows the central bank to monitor liquidity positions . </P> <P> South Africa's informal sector contributes 8% of the country's GDP and supports 27% of all working people . The South African Local Economic Development Network values the informal economy at 28% of SA's GDP . Given the relevance of this input, there is a constant interest in developing actions on an inclusive urban planning for the working poor . </P>

Any three constraints of economic growth in south africa