<P> Article 10 of the treaty stipulates: </P> <P> "1 . Computer programs, whether in source or object code, shall be protected as literary works under the Berne Convention (1971). 2 . Compilations of data or other material, whether in machine readable or other form, which by reason of the selection or arrangement of their contents constitute intellectual creations shall be protected as such . Such protection, which shall not extend to the data or material itself, shall be without prejudice to any copyright subsisting in the data or material itself ." </P> <P> The most visible conflict has been over AIDS drugs in Africa . Despite the role that patents have played in maintaining higher drug costs for public health programs across Africa, this controversy has not led to a revision of TRIPS . Instead, an interpretive statement, the Doha Declaration, was issued in November 2001, which indicated that TRIPS should not prevent states from dealing with public health crises . After Doha, PhRMA, the United States and to a lesser extent other developed nations began working to minimize the effect of the declaration . </P> <P> A 2003 agreement loosened the domestic market requirement, and allows developing countries to export to other countries where there is a national health problem as long as drugs exported are not part of a commercial or industrial policy . Drugs exported under such a regime may be packaged or colored differently in order to prevent them from prejudicing markets in the developed world . </P>

The wto agreement on trade-related aspects of intellectual property rights (trips)