<Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <P> "The Star - Spangled Banner" is the national anthem of the United States of America . The lyrics come from "Defence of Fort M'Henry", a poem written on September 14, 1814, by the then 35 - year - old lawyer and amateur poet Francis Scott Key after witnessing the bombardment of Fort McHenry by British ships of the Royal Navy in Baltimore Harbor during the Battle of Baltimore in the War of 1812 . Key was inspired by the large American flag, with 15 stars and 15 stripes, known as the Star - Spangled Banner, flying triumphantly above the fort during the American victory . </P> <P> The poem was set to the tune of a popular British song written by John Stafford Smith for the Anacreontic Society, a men's social club in London . "To Anacreon in Heaven" (or "The Anacreontic Song"), with various lyrics, was already popular in the United States . Set to Key's poem and renamed "The Star - Spangled Banner", it soon became a well - known American patriotic song . With a range of 19 semitones, it is known for being difficult to sing . Although the poem has four stanzas, only the first is commonly sung today . </P> <P> "The Star - Spangled Banner" was recognized for official use by the United States Navy in 1889, and by U.S. President Woodrow Wilson in 1916, and was made the national anthem by a congressional resolution on March 3, 1931 (46 Stat. 1508, codified at 36 U.S.C. § 301), which was signed by President Herbert Hoover . </P>

Who wrote the melody to the star spangled banner