<P> Just after the revolution in 1908, the Cretan deputies declared union with Greece, taking advantage of the revolution as well as the timing of Zaimis's vacation away from the island . 1908 ended with the issue still unresolved between the Empire and the Cretans . In 1909, after the parliament elected its governing structure (first cabinet), the CUP majority decided that if order was maintained and the rights of Muslims were respected, the issue would be solved with negotiations . </P> <P> The Senate of the Ottoman Empire was opened by the Sultan on 17 December 1908 . The new year brought the results of 1908 elections . Chamber of Deputies gathered on 30 January 1909 . CUP required to have a strategy to the ends (which they lacked before the takeover) for the young ideals envisaged . The task of stopping the collapse of the Empire became the majority seat holder CUP's burden . The truth was different . Ottoman government was a big bureaucracy . The new system may be too late to arrive to have an impact . Empire was in constant conflicts and there was only four years to the Great War . </P> <P> In 1909, public order laws and police was not a match to the ideals represented . Protesters were prepared to risk reprisals on the part of police and soldiers in order to express their grievances . In the three months following the new regime there were more than a 100 strikes: Mainly in Capitol and Thessalonica . Estimated that three - quarters of the labor force of the Empire went on strike . CUP had little time with' we the people' . An interesting point was; the strikes and revolts happened before and Sultan remained above criticism (Anatolian tax revolts in 1905 - 7) and bureaucrats and administrators deemed corrupt . This time CUP was not immune and took the blame . In the parliament LU accused the CUP of authoritarianism . Abdul Hamid's Grand Viziers Said and Kâmil Pasha and his Foreign Minister Tevfik Pasha continued in the office . They were now independent of the Sultan and were taking measures to strengthen the Porte against the encroachments of both the Palace and the CUP. Said and Kâmil were nevertheless men of the old regime . </P> <P> After nine months into the new government, discontent found expression in a fundamentalist movement which attempted to dismantle Constitution and revert it with a monarchy . The Ottoman countercoup of 1909 gained traction when Sultan promised to restore the Caliphate, eliminate secular policies, and restore the rule of Islamic law, as the mutinous troops claimed . CUP also eliminated the time for religious observance . Unfortunately for the advocates of representative parliamentary government, mutinous demonstrations by disenfranchised regimental officers broke out on 13 April 1909, which led to the collapse of the government . On 27 April 1909 countercoup put down by "31 March Incident" using the 11th Salonika Reserve Infantry Division of the Third Army . Some of the leaders of Bulgarian federalist wing like Sandanski and Chernopeev participated in the march on Capital to depose the "attempt to dismantle constitution". Abdul Hamid II was removed from the throne, and Mehmed V became the Sultan . </P>

How did the european countries end the ottoman empire