<Tr> <Td> Declaration of War upon Romania </Td> <Td> Romania </Td> <Td> 361--0 </Td> </Tr> <P> In other instances, the United States has engaged in extended military combat that was authorized by Congress . </P> <Table> <Tr> <Th> War or conflict </Th> <Th> Opponent (s) </Th> <Th> Initial authorization </Th> <Th_colspan="2"> Votes </Th> <Th> President </Th> <Th> Result </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Senate </Th> <Th> House </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Quasi-War </Td> <Td> France </Td> <Td> An Act further to protect the commerce of the United States July 9, 1798 </Td> <Td> 18--4 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> John Adams </Td> <Td> Treaty of Mortefontaine </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> First Barbary War </Td> <Td> Morocco <P> Tripolitania </P> </Td> <Td> February 6, 1802 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Thomas Jefferson </Td> <Td> War ended 1805 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Second Barbary War </Td> <Td> Algiers </Td> <Td> May 10, 1815 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> James Madison </Td> <Td> War ended 1816 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Enforcing 1808 slave trade ban; naval squadron sent to African waters to apprehend illegal slave traders </Td> <Td> Slave traders and pirates </Td> <Td> "Act in addition to the acts prohibiting the Slave Trade" 1819 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> James Monroe </Td> <Td> 1822 first African - American settlement founded in Liberia, 1823 U.S. Navy stops anti-trafficking patrols </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Redress for attack on U.S. Navy's USS Water Witch </Td> <Td> Paraguay </Td> <Td> 1858 . </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> James Buchanan </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Mexican Revolution <Ul> <Li> United States occupation of Veracruz </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> Mexico </Td> <Td> H.J.R. 251, 38 Stat. 770 April 22, 1914 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 337--37 </Td> <Td> Woodrow Wilson </Td> <Td> Force withdrawn after six months . However, the Joint Resolution was likely used to authorize the Pancho Villa Expedition . In the Senate, "when word reached the Senate that the invasion had gone forward before the use - of - force resolution had been approved, Republicans reacted angrily" saying it was a violation of the Constitution, but eventually after the action had already started, a resolution was passed after the action to "justify" it since Senators did not think it was a declaration of war . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Russian Civil War <Ul> <Li> Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> <P> Commune of Estonia Far Eastern Republic Latvia Mongolian People's Party Russia Ukraine </P> </Td> <Td> 1918 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Woodrow Wilson </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Lebanon crisis of 1958 </Td> <Td> Lebanese Opposition <Ul> <Li> Al - Mourabitoun </Li> <Li> Lebanese Communist Party </Li> <Li> Progressive Socialist Party </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> H.J. Res. 117, Public Law 85 - 7, Joint Resolution "To promote peace and stability in the Middle East", March 9, 1957 </Td> <Td> 72--19 </Td> <Td> 355--61 </Td> <Td> Dwight D. Eisenhower </Td> <Td> U.S. forces withdrawn, October 25, 1958 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Vietnam War <P> Laotian Civil War </P> <P> Cambodian Civil War </P> </Td> <Td> <P> China National United Front of Kampuchea </P> <Ul> <Li> Khmer Rouge </Li> <Li> Khmer Rumdo </Li> <Li> Khmer Việt Minh </Li> </Ul> <P> North Korea North Vietnam Pathet Lao South Vietnam </P> <Ul> <Li> Việt Cộng </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> Gulf of Tonkin Resolution, August 7, 1964 </Td> <Td> 88--2 </Td> <Td> 416--0 </Td> <Td> Lyndon B. Johnson </Td> <Td> U.S. forces withdrawn under terms of the Paris Peace Accords signed January 27, 1973 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Multinational Force in Lebanon </Td> <Td> Shia and Druze militias; Syria </Td> <Td> S.J. Res. 159 Pub. L. 98--119 September 29, 1983 </Td> <Td> 54--46 </Td> <Td> 253--156 </Td> <Td> Ronald W. Reagan </Td> <Td> Forces withdrawn in 1984 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Persian Gulf War </Td> <Td> Iraq </Td> <Td> H.J. Res. 77 January 12, 1991 . </Td> <Td> 52--47 </Td> <Td> 250--183 </Td> <Td> George H.W. Bush </Td> <Td> The United Nations Security Council drew up terms for the cease - fire, April 3, 1991 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> War in Afghanistan <Ul> <Li> Operation Enduring Freedom--Afghanistan </Li> <Li> Operation Freedom's Sentinel </Li> </Ul> <P> al - Qaeda insurgency in Yemen </P> <Ul> <Li> Yemeni Civil War </Li> </Ul> <P> Somali Civil War </P> <Ul> <Li> Operation Enduring Freedom--Horn of Africa </Li> </Ul> <P> War in North - West Pakistan </P> <P> Moro conflict </P> <Ul> <Li> Operation Enduring Freedom--Philippines </Li> </Ul> <P> Iraqi Civil War </P> <Ul> <Li> Operation Inherent Resolve </Li> </Ul> <P> Syrian Civil War </P> <Ul> <Li> Operation Inherent Resolve </Li> </Ul> <P> Second Libyan Civil War </P> </Td> <Td> Afghanistan <Ul> <Li> Quetta Shura <Ul> <Li> Taliban <Ul> <Li> Haqqani network </Li> <Li> Mullah Dadullah Front </Li> </Ul> </Li> </Ul> </Li> </Ul> <P> al - Qaeda </P> <Ul> <Li> 055 Brigade </Li> <Li> Al - Nusra Front <Ul> <Li> Khorasan group </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> al - Qaeda Emirate in Yemen <Ul> <Li> Aden - Abyan Islamic Army </Li> <Li> Islamic Jihad of Yemen </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> al - Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula <Ul> <Li> Ansar al - Sharia </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> al - Qaeda in the Indian Subcontinent </Li> <Li> Lashkar al - Zil </Li> </Ul> <P> Harakat Ahrar al - Sham al - Islamiyya Hezb - e Islami Gulbuddin Islamic Jihad Union Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan Jamaat - ul - Ahrar Jundallah Lashkar - e-Islam Lashkar - e-Jhangvi Tehreek - e-Nafaz - e-Shariat - e-Mohammadi Turkistan Islamic Party Tehrik - i - Taliban Pakistan </P> <P> High Council of the Islamic Emirate Fidai Mahaz </P> <P> al - Itihaad al - Islamiya Alliance for the Re-liberation of Somalia Harakat al - Shabaab Mujahedeen Hizbul Islam Islamic Courts Union Jabhatul Islamiya Mu'askar Anole Ras Kamboni Brigades </P> <P> Abu Sayyaf Bangsamoro Islamic Freedom Fighters Islamic State Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan Maute group Khalifa Islamiyah Mindanao </P> </Td> <Td> S.J. Res. 23 September 14, 2001 </Td> <Td> 98--0 </Td> <Td> 420--1 </Td> <Td> George W. Bush </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Iraq War </Td> <Td> Iraq </Td> <Td> H.J. Res. 114, March 3, 2003 </Td> <Td> 77--23 </Td> <Td> 296--132 </Td> <Td> George W. Bush </Td> <Td> Ba'athist Iraqi government deposed April 2003 . U.S. combat operations ended August 31, 2010 . War ended December 15, 2011 . Destabilization of Iraq and emergence of ISIL in the region 2011--present . </Td> </Tr> </Table> <Tr> <Th> War or conflict </Th> <Th> Opponent (s) </Th> <Th> Initial authorization </Th> <Th_colspan="2"> Votes </Th> <Th> President </Th> <Th> Result </Th> </Tr>

When did the us declare war on iraq
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