<P> Notice that for T = 0 the efficiency is 100% and that efficiency becomes greater than 100% for T <0, which cases are unrealistic . Subtracting the right hand side of Equation 4 from the middle portion and rearranging gives </P> <Dl> <Dd> q H T H − q C T C = 0, (\ displaystyle (\ frac (q_ (H)) (T_ (H))) - (\ frac (q_ (C)) (T_ (C))) = 0,) </Dd> </Dl> <Dd> q H T H − q C T C = 0, (\ displaystyle (\ frac (q_ (H)) (T_ (H))) - (\ frac (q_ (C)) (T_ (C))) = 0,) </Dd> <P> where the negative sign indicates heat ejected from the system . The generalization of this equation is Clausius theorem, which suggests the existence of a state function S (i.e., a function which depends only on the state of the system, not on how it reached that state) defined (up to an additive constant) by </P>

Molecular motion is independent of temperature and is unaffected by a change in temperature