<P> After the war, the Kuomintang (KMT) party (led by generalissimo Chiang Kai - shek) and the Communist Chinese forces resumed their civil war, which had been temporarily suspended when they fought together against Japan . The fight against the Japanese occupiers had strengthened popular support among the Chinese for the Communist guerrilla forces while it weakened the KMT, who depleted their strength fighting a conventional war . Full - scale war between the opposing forces broke out in June 1946 . Despite U.S. support to the Kuomintang, Communist forces were ultimately victorious and established the People's Republic of China (PRC) on the mainland . The KMT forces retreated to the island of Taiwan in 1949 . Hostilities had largely ceased in 1950 . </P> <P> With the Communist victory in the civil war, the Soviet Union gave up its claim to military bases in China that it had been promised by the Western Allies during World War II . The defeat of the US - backed KMT led to a debate in the United States about who in the US government was responsible for this, the debate is commonly labeled "Who lost China?" </P> <P> The outbreak of the Korean War diverted the attention of the PRC at the same time as it bolstered US support for Chiang Kai - shek, the two main factors that prevented the PRC from invading Taiwan . Intermittent military clashes occurred between the PRC and Taiwan from 1950 - 1979 . Taiwan unilaterally declared the civil war over in 1991, but no formal peace treaty or truce exists and the PRC officially sees Taiwan as a breakaway province that rightfully belongs to it and has expressed its opposition to Taiwanese independence . Even so, tensions between the two states has decreased over time for example with the Chen - Chiang summits (2008 - 2011). </P> <P> Sino - American relations (between the PRC and the US) continued to be mostly hostile up until US president Nixon visited China in 1972 . From this point, the relations between them have improved over time although some tension and rivalry remain even with the end of the Cold War and the PRC's distancing from the Communist ideology . </P>

Which international organization was created after world war 2 at the urging of the united states