<P> The treaties did not legally deprive Morocco of its status as a sovereign state, and the sultan remained the country's leader . In practice, the sultan had no real power and the country was ruled by a colonial administration . </P> <P> Under the protectorate, French civil servants allied themselves with the French settlers and with their supporters in France to prevent any moves in the direction of Moroccan autonomy . As pacification proceeded, the French government focused on the exploitation of Morocco's mineral wealth, the creation of a modern transportation system, and the development of a modern agricultural sector geared to the French market . Tens of thousands of colons, or colonists, entered Morocco and acquired large tracts of the rich agricultural land . </P> <P> The separatist Republic of the Rif was declared on 18 September 1921, by the people of the Rif . It was dissolved by Spanish and French forces on 27 May 1926 . </P> <P> In December 1934, a small group of nationalists, members of the newly formed Comité d'Action Marocaine, or Moroccan Action Committee (CAM), proposed a Plan of Reforms that called for a return to indirect rule as envisaged by the Treaty of Fez, admission of Moroccans to government positions, and establishment of representative councils . CAM used petitions, newspaper editorials, and personal appeals to French officials to further its cause, but these proved inadequate, and the tensions created in the CAM by the failure of the plan caused it to split . The CAM was reconstituted as a nationalist political party to gain mass support for more radical demands, but the French suppressed the party in 1937 . </P>

Who was involved in the independence of morocco