<P> Ultimately, the Third Anglo - Maratha War (1817--1818) resulted in the loss of Maratha independence . It left the British in control of most of India . The Peshwa was exiled to Bithoor (Marat, near Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh) as a pensioner of the British . The Maratha heartland of Desh, including Pune, came under direct British rule, with the exception of the states of Kolhapur and Satara, which retained local Maratha rulers (descendants of Shivaji and Sambhaji II ruled over Kolhapur). The Maratha - ruled states of Gwalior, Indore, and Nagpur all lost territory and came under subordinate alliance with the British Raj as princely states that retained internal sovereignty under British paramountcy . Other small princely states of Maratha knights were retained under the British Raj as well . </P> <P> The Third Anglo - Maratha War was fought by Maratha war lords separately instead of forming a common front and they surrendered one by one . Shinde and the Pashtun Amir Khan were subdued by the use of diplomacy and pressure, which resulted in the Treaty of Gwalior on November 05, 1817 . All other Maratha chiefs like Holkars, Bhonsles and Peshwa gave up arms by 1818 . British historian Percival Spear describes 1818 as a watershed year in the history of India, saying that by the year "the British dominion in India became the British dominion of India". </P> <P> The war left the British, under the auspices of the British East India Company, in control of virtually all of present - day India south of the Sutlej River . The famed Nassak Diamond was acquired by the Company as part of the spoils of the war . The British acquired large chunks of territory from the Maratha Empire and in effect put an end to their most dynamic opposition . The terms of surrender Major - general John Malcolm offered to the Peshwa were controversial amongst the British for being too liberal: The Peshwa was offered a luxurious life near Kanpur and given a pension of about 80,000 pounds . </P> <P> The Ashtapradhan (The Council of Eight) was a council of eight ministers that administered the Maratha empire . This system was formed by Shivaji . Ministerial designations were drawn from the Sanskrit language and comprised: </P>

Time line to show the important events of the maratha regime