<Li> Anti Horse Thief Association; 1860s, organized at Fort Scott, Kansas </Li> <Li> Baldknobbers; 1880s, Taney, Christian and Greene Counties, Missouri </Li> <Ul> <Li> Biddulph Peace Society; 1876, Biddulph, Ontario, Canada </Li> <Li> Whitechapel Vigilance Committee; 1888, London, UK - founded to capture Jack the Ripper . </Li> <Li> An Oxford Vigilance Committee was formed during World War I in Oxford, UK, a town whose own men of military age had gone to war, and where soldiers were stationed . The Committee ran volunteer patrols of women to discourage, observe, and report on what was perceived as "immoral" behaviour of the town's women . In November 1916, the Committee issued a report "on the Moral Condition of Oxford," warning that the town's streets were "crowded with young girls, whose dress (and) behaviour show that they are deliberately laying themselves out to attract men ." Their reports included detailed accounts of casual or adulterous sexual liaisons in the town . Births out of wedlock in Oxford decreased from 1914 to 1920, but the Committee attributed the reduction to "forced marriages" and abortions . </Li> <Li> Black Panther Party; 1960s, formed by African American activists against police brutality and oppression . </Li> </Ul> <Li> Biddulph Peace Society; 1876, Biddulph, Ontario, Canada </Li>

Why were vigilante committees formed and how did they dispense justice