<P> While ROE is used in both domestic and international operations by most militaries, ROE is not used for domestic operations in the United States . Instead, the use of force by the U.S. military in such situations is governed by Rules for the Use of Force (RUF). </P> <P> An abbreviated description of the rules of engagement may be issued to all personnel . Commonly referred to as a "ROE card", this document provides the soldier with a summary of the ROE regulating the use of force for a particular mission . </P> <P> While many countries have their own rules of engagement documents, many others do not . There are two primary international rules of engagement manuals that are internationally available: NATO ROE Manual MC 362 - 1 (restricted to NATO and Partnership for Peace countries); and the San Remo Rules of Engagement Handbook, which is freely available to all on the International Institute of Humanitarian Law (IIHL) website . Created for the IIHL by Commander Alan Cole, Major Phillip Drew, Captain Rob McLaughlin and Professor Dennis Mandsager, the San Remo ROE Handbook has been translated from its English original into French, Chinese, Arabic, Spanish, Hungarian, Russian, Bosnian, and Thai and several other languages . Several countries have used the San Remo handbook as a model for creating their own ROE systems . </P> <P> The International Institute of Humanitarian Law in San Remo, Italy conducts rules of engagement training course at least once per year, usually in September . Taught by some of the world's foremost authorities on ROE, the course attracts students from around the globe . Similar training by the San Remo ROE drafting team is conducted for the United Nations, staff colleges and other organizations as requested . </P>

Who is responsible for preparing the rules of engagement (roe)/directive on the use of force (duf)