<P> In 1906 Union Minière du Haut Katanga was formed to exploit the Katanga mines . King Leopold wanted a railway entirely in Congolese territory, linked to the Congo River, but in 1908, he agreed with the British South Africa Company to continue the Rhodesian railway to Elizabethville and the mines . Between 1912, when full - scale copper production began, until 1928 when a Congolese line was completed, almost all of Katanga's copper was shipped over the Rhodesian network . The railway's revenue from Katanga copper enabled it to carry other goods at low rates . Large - scale development of the Copperbelt only began in the late 1920s, with an increasing world market for copper . Transport was no problem as only short branches had to be built to connect the Copperbelt to the main line . </P> <P> Almost from the start of European settlement, the settlers in Northern Rhodesia were hostile to the BSAC administration and its commercial position . The company opposed the settlers' political aspirations, and refused to allow them to elect representatives to the Advisory Council, limiting them to a few nominated members . Following a judgement by the Privy Council that the land in Southern Rhodesia belonged to the British Crown not BSAC, opinion among settlers in Southern Rhodesia turned to favour responsible government and in 1923 this was granted . This left Northern Rhodesia in a difficult position since the British South Africa Company had believed it owned the land in both territories and some settlers suggested that the ownership in Northern Rhodesia should also be referred to the Privy Council . However, the British South Africa Company insisted that its claims were unchallengeable and persuaded the United Kingdom government to enter into direct negotiations over the future administration of Northern Rhodesia . </P> <P> As a result, a settlement was achieved by which Northern Rhodesia remained a protectorate but came under the British government, with its administrative machinery taken over by the Colonial Office, while the British South Africa Company retained extensive areas of freehold property and the protectorate's mineral rights . It was also agreed that half of the proceeds of land sales in the former North - Western Rhodesia would go to the Company . On 1 April 1924, Herbert Stanley was appointed as Governor and Northern Rhodesia became an official Protectorate of the United Kingdom, with capital in Livingstone . The capital was moved to Lusaka in 1935 . </P> <P> Under the Administration of the British South Africa Company, the Administrator had similar powers to those of a colonial governor, except that certain powers were reserved to the High Commissioner for South Africa . There was neither an Executive Council nor a legislative council, but only an Advisory Council, consisting entirely of nominees . The Northern Rhodesia Order in Council, 1924 transferred to the Governor any power or jurisdiction previously held by the Administrator or vested in the High Commissioner for South Africa . The Order also provided for an Executive Council consisting of six ex-officio senior officials and any other official or unofficial members Governor wished to appoint . At the same time, a legislative council was established, consisting of the Governor and up to nine official members, and five unofficial members who were to be elected by the small European minority consisting of only 4,000 people only, as none of the African population had the right to vote . </P>

What was the first capital of northen rhodesia