<P> Stonewall Jackson, under relatively ambiguous orders from Lee to support Longstreet, launched an attack north of the turnpike at 6 p.m., probably as soon as his exhausted forces could be mustered . Historian John J. Hennessy called Jackson's delays "one of the battle's great puzzles" and "one of the most significant Confederate failures" of the battle, greatly reducing the value of his advance . The attack coincided with Pope's ordered withdrawal of units north of the turnpike to assist in the Henry House Hill defense and the Confederates were able to overrun a number of artillery and infantry units in their fierce assault . By 7 p.m., however, Pope had established a strong defensive line that aligned with the units on Henry House Hill . At 8 p.m., he ordered a general withdrawal on the turnpike to Centreville . Unlike the calamitous retreat at the First Battle of Bull Run, the Union movement was quiet and orderly . The Confederates, weary from battle and low on ammunition, did not pursue in the darkness . Although Lee had won a great victory, he had not achieved his objective of destroying Pope's army . </P> <P> The final significant action of the battle occurred around 7: 00 PM as Lee directed J.E.B. Stuart's cavalry to go around the Union flank and cut off their retreat . Brig. Gen Beverly Robertson's cavalry brigade, accompanied by Col. Thomas Rosser's 5th Virginia Cavalry headed for Lewis Ford, a crossing in Bull Run Creek that would enable them to get in the rear of the Union army . However, Robertson and Rosser found the crossing blocked by John Buford's cavalry and after a short, but fierce engagement, Buford's superior numbers won out and the Confederate horsemen pulled back . The cavalry clash lasted only about ten minutes, but resulted in Col. Thomas Munford of the 2nd Virginia Cavalry being wounded . Col. Thornton Brodhead of the 1st Michigan Cavalry was shot dead, and John Buford was also wounded . The Union army's retreat however had been safeguarded . </P> <P> The Second Battle of Bull Run, like the First (July 21, 1861), was a significant tactical victory for the Confederates and was another blow to Union morale, despite proportional losses (16--17%). Union casualties were about 14,000 killed and wounded out of 62,000 engaged; the Confederates lost about 1,000 killed and 7,000 wounded out of 50,000 . </P> <P> As the Union Army concentrated on Centreville, Lee planned his next move . He sent Jackson on another flanking march in an attempt to interpose his army between Pope and Washington . Pope countered the move and the two forces clashed a final time at the Battle of Chantilly (also known as Ox Hill) on September 1 . Lee immediately began his next campaign on September 3, when the vanguard of the Army of Northern Virginia crossed the Potomac River, marching toward a fateful encounter with the Army of the Potomac in the Maryland Campaign and the Battle of Antietam . </P>

Who won the first and second battle of bull run