<Tr> <Th_colspan="2"> References </Th> </Tr> <P> Pennsylvania Station was a historic railroad station in New York City, named for the Pennsylvania Railroad (PRR), its builder and original tenant . The station occupied an 8 - acre (3.2 ha) plot bounded by Seventh and Eighth Avenues and 31st and 33rd Streets in Midtown Manhattan . It was designed by McKim, Mead, and White and completed in 1910 . The original Pennsylvania Station head house and train shed were considered a masterpiece of the Beaux - Arts style and one of the great architectural works of New York City . As the terminal shared its name with several stations in other cities, it was sometimes called New York Pennsylvania Station, or Penn Station for short . </P> <P> Penn Station maintained its architectural grandeur until World War II, when rail usage started to decline . In the 1950s, the Pennsylvania Railroad sold the air rights to the property and downsized the railroad station . The above ground head house and train shed of the station were demolished and replaced by Madison Square Garden and Pennsylvania Plaza between 1963 and 1969 . The destruction of Pennsylvania Station galvanized support for architectural preservation across the United States, leading to the advent of modern historical preservation . The below ground concourses and waiting areas were heavily renovated during this time . However, the platforms at the station's lowest level were not significantly modified, and evidence of the original station still exists at platform level . </P> <P> Until the early 20th century, the PRR's rail network terminated on the western side of the Hudson River (once known locally as the North River) at Exchange Place in Jersey City, New Jersey . Manhattan - bound passengers boarded ferries to cross the Hudson River for the final stretch of their journey . The rival New York Central Railroad's line transported passengers from the Hudson Valley in the city's north, ran along Park Avenue in Manhattan, and terminated at Grand Central Terminal at 42nd Street and Park Avenue . The PRR considered building a rail bridge across the Hudson, but the state of New York required such a bridge to be a joint project with other New Jersey railroads, who were not interested . The alternative was to tunnel under the river, but steam locomotives could not use such a tunnel due to the accumulation of pollution in a closed space; in any case, the New York State Legislature had prohibited steam locomotives in Manhattan after July 1, 1908 . </P>

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