<Li> 1851--Victoria is separated from New South Wales (formerly known as the Port Phillip District of NSW). Apart from castaways and runaway convicts in the 1790s, the first attempt at settlement was made on 13 October 1803 by Lieut . David Collins and his party of soldiers and convicts . Harsh conditions convinced him to abandon the settlement in January 1804 . He moved on to Tasmania and it was not until the Henty brothers landed in Portland Bay on 19 November 1834 and John Batman settled on the site of Melbourne that the Port Phillip District was officially sanctioned on 10 April 1837 . The first immigrant ships arrived at Port Phillip in 1839 . Apart from those involved in early attempts at settlement in 1803 and 1826, the only convicts sent directly to Victoria from Britain were about 1,750 convicts known as the "Exiles" and they arrived between 1844--1849 . They were sometimes called the "Pentonvillians" because most of them came from Pentonville Probationary Prison in England . Many ex-convicts and convicts on Tickets of Leave and Conditional Pardons also moved to Port Phillip from Van Diemen's Land . </Li> <Li> 10 December 1859--Queensland is separated from New South Wales . In 1824 the explorer Lieut . John Oxley took a party of 30 convicts and established a penal colony at Redcliffe . Known as the Moreton Bay Settlement, this later moved to the site now called Brisbane . The name Brisbane Town was in use by 1825 and the main inhabitants in the area were the convicts of the Moreton Bay Penal Station until it was closed in 1839 . Around 2,280 convicts were sent to the settlement between 1824--1839 and at the end of 1836 the convict population numbered 337 . The first free settlers moved to the district in 1838 and others followed in 1840 . </Li> <Li> 23 December 1862--the area of Queensland is increased . </Li> <Li> 1863--control of the Northern Territory is granted to the Province (later State) of South Australia . In 1825 the area occupied today by Northern Territory was incorporated into the colony of New South Wales . It was first settled by Europeans in 1824 at Fort Dundas, Port Essington . Its capital city, Darwin was established in 1869 and was originally known as Palmerston . On 1 January 1911, the Northern Territory as we know it today was separated from South Australia and became part of the Commonwealth of Australia . </Li>

Where was a british penal colony established in 1770