<P> The following terms have been applied in whole or in part to the plant communities of South Florida that are included in this account of tropical hardwood hammock: coastal berm, coastal rock barren, rockland hammock, sinkhole, shell mound (FNAI and Florida Department of Natural Resources 1990); 422 - other hardwood forest (Florida Department of Administration 1976); tropical hammock (Soil and Water Conservation Service 1989); tropical rockland hammock (Snyder et al...1990); hammock forest (Duever et al...1979); coastal strand forest (Ross et al...1992); coastal berm, coastal rock barren (Kruer 1992); fan palm hammock, madeira hammock, buttonwood hammock (Olmsted et al. 1981); tropical hammock (Ward 1979); buttonwood hammock, madeira hammock (Craighead 1971); hammock forest, Everglades tree island (Davis 1943), banana hole, high hammock, low hammock (Harshberger 1914). In the Bahamas, analogous communities include coastal rock communities, coastal coppice, whiteland, and blackland (Correll and Correll 1982). The FLUCCS codes included in the tropical hardwood hammocks are: 422 (Brazilian pepper), 426 (tropical hardwoods), and 433 (western Everglades hardwoods). </P> <P> Tropical hardwood hammocks are found nearly throughout the southern half of South Florida, with large concentrations in Dade County on the Miami Rock Ridge, in Dade and Monroe counties in the Florida Keys and along the northern shores of Florida Bay, and in the Pinecrest region of the Big Cypress Swamp . Analogous communities are also found in the Bahamas and the Greater Antilles (Robertson 1955). Most maritime hammocks on barrier islands in South Florida are similar to this community . Large areas of tropical hardwood hammocks are still found in Everglades NP and Biscayne NP in Dade County, throughout the Florida Keys in Monroe County, and in Big Cypress National Preserve in Collier County . Tropical hardwood hammocks also persist in small preserves along the Atlantic coastal strip from Dade County north to Martin County . </P> <P> Tropical hardwood hammock is a closed canopy forest, dominated by a diverse assemblage of evergreen and semi-deciduous tree and shrub species, mostly of West Indian origin . It is also important habitat for ferns and orchids of West Indian origin . Tropical hardwood hammock is not a fire maintained community, although fire may burn into tropical hardwood hammocks under certain conditions . Soils in tropical hardwood hammocks are primarily composed of organic material which has accumulated directly on top of mineral substrate, and are moist, but rarely inundated . </P> <P> Tropical hardwood hammocks have been described and / or classified by a number of authors (e.g. Harshberger 1914, Small 1929, Davis 1943, Craighead 1971, Craighead 1974, Duever et al. 1979, Snyder et al. 1990, Ross et al. 1992). At least five major types of hammocks can be described here: </P>

Animals found in tropical evergreen forest with names