<P> East of the Continental Divide, the Spanish Empire claimed all land south of the Arkansas River that was west of the Medina River and all land south of the Red River that was west of the Calcasieu River . The vast disputed region between the territorial claims of the United States and Spain was occupied primarily by native peoples with very few traders of either Spain or the United States . In the south, the disputed region between the Calcasieu River and the Sabine River encompassed Los Adaes, the first capital of Spanish Texas . The region between the Calcasieu and Sabine rivers become a lawless no man's land . The United States saw great potential in these western lands, and hoped to settle their borders . Spain, seeing the end of New Spain, hoped to employ its territorial claims before it would be forced to grant Mexico its independence (later in 1821). Spain hoped to regain much of its territory after the regional demands for independence subsided . </P> <P> The treaty, consisting of 16 articles was signed in Adams' State Department office at Washington, on February 22, 1819, by John Quincy Adams, U.S. Secretary of State, and Luis de Onís, Spanish minister . Ratification was postponed for two years, because Spain wanted to use the treaty as an incentive to keep the United States from giving diplomatic support to the revolutionaries in South America . As soon as the treaty was signed, the U.S. Senate ratified unanimously; but because of Spain's stalling, a new ratification was necessary and this time there were objections . Henry Clay and other Western spokesmen demanded that Spain also give up Texas . This proposal was defeated by the Senate, which ratified the treaty a second time on February 19, 1821, following ratification by Spain on October 24, 1820 . Ratifications were exchanged three days later and the treaty was proclaimed on February 22, 1821, two years after the signing . </P> <P> The Treaty closed the first era of United States expansion by providing for the cession of East Florida under Article 2; the abandonment of the controversy over West Florida under Article 2 (a portion of which had been seized by the United States); and the definition of a boundary with the Spanish province of Mexico, that clearly made Spanish Texas a part of Mexico, under Article 3, thus ending much of the vagueness in the boundary of the Louisiana Purchase . Spain also ceded to the U.S. its claims to the Oregon Country, under Article 3 . </P> <P> The U.S. did not pay Spain for Florida, but instead agreed to pay the legal claims of American citizens against Spain, to a maximum of $5 million, under Article 11 . Under Article 12, Pinckney's Treaty of 1795 between the U.S. and Spain was to remain in force . Under Article 15, Spanish goods received exclusive most - favored - nation privileges in the ports at Pensacola and St. Augustine for twelve years . </P>

Did texas gain or lose territory as a result of the adams-onis treaty
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