<P> Despite the ideological promise of industrialization--that the mechanization of industrial production would raise the mass of the workers from a brutish life of subsistence existence to honorable work--the division of labour inherent to the capitalist mode of production thwarted the human nature (Gattungswesen) of the worker and so rendered each individual into a mechanistic part of an industrialized system of production, from being a person capable of defining their value through direct, purposeful activity . Moreover, the near - total mechanization and automation of the industrial production system would allow the (newly) dominant bourgeois capitalist social class to exploit the working class to the degree that the value obtained from their labour would diminish the ability of the worker to materially survive . Hence, when the proletarian working - class become a sufficiently developed political force, they will effect a revolution and re-orient the relations of production to the means of production--from a capitalist mode of production to a communist mode of production . In the resultant communist society, the fundamental relation of the workers to the means of production would be equal and non-conflictual because there would be no artificial distinctions about the value of a worker's labour; the worker's humanity (species - essence) thus respected, men and women would not become alienated (see Marx's theory of human nature). </P> <P> In the communist socio - economic organization, the relations of production would operate the mode of production and employ each worker according to their abilities and benefit each worker according to their needs . Hence, each worker could direct their labour to productive work suitable to their own innate abilities, rather than be forced into a narrowly defined, minimal - wage "job" meant to extract maximal profit from individual labour as determined by and dictated under the capitalist mode of production . In the classless, collectively - managed communist society, the exchange of value between the objectified productive labour of one worker and the consumption benefit derived from that production will not be determined by or directed to the narrow interests of a bourgeois capitalist class, but instead will be directed to meet the needs of each producer and consumer . Although production will be differentiated by the degree of each worker's abilities, the purpose of the communist system of industrial production will be determined by the collective requirements of society, not by the profit - oriented demands of a capitalist social class who live at the expense of the greater society . Under the collective ownership of the means of production, the relation of each worker to the mode of production will be identical and will assume the character that corresponds to the universal interests of the communist society . The direct distribution of the fruits of the labour of each worker to fulfill the interests of the working class--and thus to an individuals own interest and benefit--will constitute an un-alienated state of labour conditions, which restores to the worker the fullest exercise and determination of their human nature . </P> <P> Capitalism reduces the labour of the worker to a commercial commodity that can be traded in the competitive labour - market, rather than as a constructive socio - economic activity that is part of the collective common effort performed for personal survival and the betterment of society . In a capitalist economy, the businesses who own the means of production establish a competitive labour - market meant to extract from the worker as much labour (value) as possible in the form of capital . The capitalist economy's arrangement of the relations of production provokes social conflict by pitting worker against worker in a competition for "higher wages", thereby alienating them from their mutual economic interests; the effect is a false consciousness, which is a form of ideological control exercised by the capitalist bourgeoisie through its cultural hegemony . Furthermore, in the capitalist mode of production the philosophic collusion of religion in justifying the relations of production facilitates the realization and then worsens the alienation (Entfremdung) of the worker from their humanity; it is a socio - economic role independent of religion being "the opiate of the masses". </P> <P> In Marxist theory, Entfremdung (alienation) is a foundational proposition about man's progress towards self - actualisation . In the Oxford Companion to Philosophy (2005), Ted Honderich described the influences of Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel and Ludwig Feuerbach upon Karl Marx: </P>

When can we say that workers are alienated from their work from their fellow workers
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