<P> The British captured Basra in November 1914, and marched north into Iraq . Initially Ahmed Djemal Pasha was ordered to gather an army in Palestine to threaten the Suez Canal . In response, the Allies--including the newly formed Australian and New Zealand Army Corps ("ANZACs")--opened another front with the Battle of Gallipoli . The army led by Ahmed Djemal Pasha (Fourth Army) to eject the British from Egypt was stopped at the Suez canal in February 1915, and again the next summer . The canal was vital to the British war effort . The 1915 locust plague breaks out in the Palestine region, to be exact the Ottoman military hospitals record the period as March--October 1915: </P> <P> The expected, and feared, British invasion came not through Cilicia or northern Syria, but through the straits . The aim of the Dardanelles campaign was to support Russia . Most military observers recognized that the uneducated Ottoman soldier was lost without good leadership, and at Gallipoli Mustafa Kemal realized the capabilities of his man if their officers led from the front . The war was something from a different era, as the agrarian Ottoman Empire faced two industrialized forces, at silent predawn attacks in which officers with drawn swords vent ahead of troops and only the troops to shout their battlecry of "Allahu Akbar!" when they reached the enemy's trenches . </P> <P> The United Kingdom was obliged to defend India and the southern Persian oil territory by undertaking the Mesopotamian campaign . Britain also had to protect Egypt in the Sinai - Palestine - Syria Campaign . These campaigns strained Allied resources and relieved Germany . </P> <P> The repulse of British forces in Palestine in the spring of 1917 was followed by the loss of Jerusalem in December of the same year . The Ottoman authorities deport the entire civilian population of Jaffa and Tel Aviv, The Tel Aviv and Jaffa deportation, pursuant to the order from Ahmed Jamal Pasha on 6 April 1917 . The Muslim evacuees allowed to return before long, At the same period the Balfour Declaration was being negotiated (published on 2 November 1917) in which the British Government declares its support for the establishment of a Jewish national home in Palestine . Ahmed Jamal Pasha effectively separates these groups . The Jewish evacuees returned after the British conquest of Palestine . </P>

What countries are in the ottoman empire in ww1