<P> The United States and Japan are the only developed countries to have recently carried out executions . The U.S. federal government, the U.S. military, and 31 states have a valid death penalty statute, and over 1,400 executions have been carried in the United States since it reinstated the death penalty in 1976, including 28 in 2015 . </P> <P> The most recent country to abolish the death penalty was Mongolia in July 2017 . </P> <P> The death penalty for juvenile offenders (criminals aged under 18 years at the time of their crime) has become increasingly rare . Considering the age of majority is still not 18 in some countries, since 1990 nine countries have executed offenders who were juveniles at the time of their crimes: The People's Republic of China (PRC), Bangladesh, Democratic Republic of Congo, Iran, Iraq, Nigeria, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, the United States, and Yemen . The PRC, Pakistan, the United States, Yemen and Iran have since raised the minimum age to 18 . Amnesty International has recorded 61 verified executions since then, in several countries, of both juveniles and adults who had been convicted of committing their offences as juveniles . The PRC does not allow for the execution of those under 18, but child executions have reportedly taken place . </P> <P> Starting in 1642 within British America, an estimated 365 juvenile offenders were executed by the states and federal government of the United States . The United States Supreme Court abolished capital punishment for offenders under the age of 16 in Thompson v. Oklahoma (1988), and for all juveniles in Roper v. Simmons (2005). </P>

What is believed to have been acceptable without penality under english common law