<P> The decree Tametsi of 1563 was one of the last decisions made at Trent . The decree effectively sought to impose the Church's control over the process of marriage by laying down as strict conditions as possible as to what constituted a marriage . John P. Beal says the Council, "stung by the Protestant reformers' castigation of the Catholic Church's failure to extirpate clandestine marriages", issued the decree, "to safeguard against invalid marriages and abuses in clandestine marriages", which had become "the scourge of Europe". In 1215 the Fourth Lateran Council had prohibited marriages entered into clandestinely but, unless there was some other impediment, considered them valid though illicit . Tametsi made it a requirement even for validity, in any area where the decree was officially published, that the marriage take place in the presence of the parish priest and at least two witnesses . This revolutionised earlier practice in that "marriages that failed to meet these requirements would from the time of the promulgation of the decree be considered invalid and of no effect" and required that the priest keep written records, with the result that parents had more control over their children's marriages than before . It also instituted controls over the marriages of persons without fixed addresses ("vagrants are to be married with caution"), "regulated the times at which marriages could be celebrated, abolished the rule that sexual intercourse created affinity, and reiterated the ban on concubinage". </P> <P> For fear that the decree would "identify and multiply the number of doubtful marriages, particularly in Protestant areas, where' mixed' marriages were common", the council hesitated to impose it outright and decided to make its application dependent on local promulgation . In fact, Tametsi was never proclaimed worldwide . 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