<P> Communication Model Terms as provided by Rothwell (11 - 15): </P> <Ul> <Li> Noise; interference with effective transmission and reception of a message . <Ul> <Li> For example; <Ul> <Li> physical noise or external noise which are environmental distractions such as poorly heated rooms, startling sounds, appearances of things, music playing some where else, and someone talking really loudly near you . </Li> <Li> physiological noise are biological influences that distract you from communicating competently such as sweaty palms, pounding heart, butterfly in the stomach, induced by speech anxiety, or feeling sick, exhausted at work, the ringing noise in your ear, being really hungry, and if you have a runny nose or a cough . </Li> <Li> psychological noise are the preconception bias and assumptions such as thinking someone who speaks like a valley girl is dumb, or someone from a foreign country can't speak English well so you speak loudly and slowly to them . </Li> <Li> semantic noise are word choices that are confusing and distracting such as using the word tri-syllabic instead of three syllables . </Li> </Ul> </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> Sender; the initiator and encoder of a message </Li> <Li> Receiver; the one that receives the message (the listener) and the decoder of a message </Li> <Li> Decode; translates the sender's spoken idea / message into something the receiver understands by using their knowledge of language from personal experience . </Li> <Li> Encode; puts the idea into spoken language while putting their own meaning into the word / message . </Li> <Li> Channel; the medium through which the message travels such as through oral communication (radio, television, phone, in person) or written communication (letters, email, text messages) </Li> <Li> Feedback; the receiver's verbal and nonverbal responses to a message such as a nod for understanding (nonverbal), a raised eyebrow for being confused (nonverbal), or asking a question to clarify the message (verbal). </Li> <Li> Message; the verbal and nonverbal components of language that is sent to the receiver by the sender which conveys an idea . </Li> </Ul> <Li> Noise; interference with effective transmission and reception of a message . <Ul> <Li> For example; <Ul> <Li> physical noise or external noise which are environmental distractions such as poorly heated rooms, startling sounds, appearances of things, music playing some where else, and someone talking really loudly near you . </Li> <Li> physiological noise are biological influences that distract you from communicating competently such as sweaty palms, pounding heart, butterfly in the stomach, induced by speech anxiety, or feeling sick, exhausted at work, the ringing noise in your ear, being really hungry, and if you have a runny nose or a cough . </Li> <Li> psychological noise are the preconception bias and assumptions such as thinking someone who speaks like a valley girl is dumb, or someone from a foreign country can't speak English well so you speak loudly and slowly to them . </Li> <Li> semantic noise are word choices that are confusing and distracting such as using the word tri-syllabic instead of three syllables . </Li> </Ul> </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Ul> <Li> For example; <Ul> <Li> physical noise or external noise which are environmental distractions such as poorly heated rooms, startling sounds, appearances of things, music playing some where else, and someone talking really loudly near you . </Li> <Li> physiological noise are biological influences that distract you from communicating competently such as sweaty palms, pounding heart, butterfly in the stomach, induced by speech anxiety, or feeling sick, exhausted at work, the ringing noise in your ear, being really hungry, and if you have a runny nose or a cough . </Li> <Li> psychological noise are the preconception bias and assumptions such as thinking someone who speaks like a valley girl is dumb, or someone from a foreign country can't speak English well so you speak loudly and slowly to them . </Li> <Li> semantic noise are word choices that are confusing and distracting such as using the word tri-syllabic instead of three syllables . </Li> </Ul> </Li> </Ul>

Which of the following is not a part of the linear model of communication