<Dd> CH CO CH + H O ⇌ CH CO H + CH OH </Dd> <P> In the absence of acids, aqueous solutions of most esters do not hydrolyze at practical rates . </P> <P> Processes that utilize soluble organometallic compounds as catalysts fall under the category of homogeneous catalysis, as opposed to processes that use bulk metal or metal on a solid support, which are examples of heterogeneous catalysis . Some well - known examples of homogeneous catalysis include hydroformylation and transfer hydrogenation, as well as certain kinds of Ziegler - Natta polymerization and hydrogenation . Homogeneous catalysts have also been used in a variety of industrial processes, such as the Wacker process Acetaldehyde (conversion of ethylene to acetaldehyde) as well as the Monsanto process and the Cativa process for the conversion of MeOH and CO to acetic acid . </P> <P> Many non-organometallic complexes are also widely used in catalysis, e.g. for the production of terephthalic acid from xylene . </P>

What do you understand by homogenous catalyst discuss the role of adsorption in catalysis