<P> Shortly thereafter, on March 31, 1871, Bingham elaborated: </P> <P> I hope the gentleman now knows why I changed the form of the amendment of February, 1866 . Mr. Speaker, that the scope and meaning of the limitations imposed by the first section, fourteenth amendment of the Constitution may be more fully understood, permit me to say that the privileges and immunities of citizens of the United States, as contradistinguished from citizens of a State, are chiefly defined in the first eight amendments to the Constitution of the United States . </P> <P> One of the earliest judicial interpretations of the Privileges or Immunities Clause was Garnes v. McCann, Ohio Sup . Ct., in 1871 . In it Judge John Day interpreted the clause to protect enumerated constitutional rights such as those listed in the Bill of Rights, but not unenumerated common - law civil rights . He wrote: </P> <P> This (case) involves the equity as to what privileges or immunities are embraced in the inhibition of this clause . We are not aware that this has been as yet judicially settled . The language of the clause, however, taken in connection with other provisions of the amendment, and of the constitution of which it forms a part, affords strong reasons for believing that it includes only such privileges or immunities as are derived from, or recognized by, the constitution of the United States . A broader interpretation opens into a field of conjecture limitless as the range of speculative theories, and might work such limitations of the power of the States to manage and regulate their local institutions and affairs as were never contemplated by the amendment . </P>

Give at least two examples of actions not protected under the privileges and immunities clause