<P> Wearing bite - proof long sleeves and trousers also offers protection, and garments can be treated with pyrethroids, a class of insecticides that often has repellent properties . Vaporized pyrethroids (for example in mosquito coils) are also insect repellents . As infected mosquitos often feed and rest inside homes, securing screens on windows and doors will help to keep mosquitoes out of the house . In the case of the day - active A. aegypti and A. albopictus, however, this will have only a limited effect, since many contacts between the mosquitoes and humans occur outdoors . </P> <P> As of 2017, no approved vaccines are available . A phase - II vaccine trial used a live, attenuated virus, to develop viral resistance in 98% of those tested after 28 days and 85% still showed resistance after one year . However, 8% of people reported transient joint pain, and attenuation was found to be due to only two mutations in the E2 glycoprotein . Alternative vaccine strategies have been developed, and show efficacy in mouse models . In August 2014 researchers at the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases in the USA were testing an experimental vaccine which uses virus - like particles (VLPs) instead of attenuated virus . All the 25 people participated in this phase 1 trial developed strong immune responses . As of 2015, a phase 2 trial was planned, using 400 adults aged 18 to 60 and to take place at 6 locations in the Caribbean . Even with a vaccine, mosquito population control and bite prevention will be necessary to control chikungunya disease . </P> <P> Currently, no specific treatment for chikungunya is available . Supportive care is recommended, and symptomatic treatment of fever and joint swelling includes the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as naproxen, non-aspirin analgesics such as paracetamol (acetaminophen) and fluids . Aspirin is not recommended due to the increased risk of bleeding . Despite anti-inflammatory effects, corticosteroids are not recommended during the acute phase of disease, as they may cause immunosuppression and worsen infection . </P> <P> Passive immunotherapy has potential benefit in treatment of chikungunya . Studies in animals using passive immunotherapy have been effective, and clinical studies using passive immunotherapy in those particularly vulnerable to severe infection are currently in progress . Passive immunotherapy involves administration of anti-CHIKV hyperimmune human intravenous antibodies (immunoglobulins) to those exposed to a high risk of chikungunya infection . No antiviral treatment for chikungunya virus is currently available, though testing has shown several medications to be effective in vitro . </P>

Chikungunya fever outbreak identified in north bali indonesia