<P> According to Carlota Perez: "this quantum jump in productivity can be seen as a technological revolution, which is made possible by the appearance in the general cost structure of a particular input that we could call the' key factor', fulfilling the following conditions: (1) clearly perceived low - and descending - relative cost; (2) unlimited supply for all practical purposes; (3) potential all - pervasiveness; (4) a capacity to reduce the costs of capital, labour and products as well as to change them qualitatively". Information and Communication Technology is expected to fulfill these requirements and bring socio - economic and political transformation which result in a modern and developed society . This type of society is often referred to as the post-industrial society, the fifth Kondratiev, Information society, digital age and network society . </P> <P> The major goal of ICT for Development is to utilize the benefits of technology for social transformation for good . Previously when such social transformations took place (e.g. industrial revolution), the result was derived from a combined effect of a powerful technology and effective policy and strategy . In the case of ICT4D, this three - dimensional interplay has been depicted as a cube . In line with the Schumpeterian school of thought, the first enabling factor for the associated socio - economic transformations is the existence of technological infrastructure: hardware infrastructure and generic software services . Additionally, capacity and knowledge are the human requirements to make use of these technologies . These foundations (horizontal green dimension in Figure) are the basis for the digitization of information flows and communication mechanisms in different sectors of society . When part of the information flows and communication processes in these sectors are carried out in e-lectronic networks, the prefix "e -" is often added to the sector's name, resulting in e-government, e-business and e-commerce, e-health, and e-learning, etc. (vertical blue dimension in Figure). This process of transformation represent the basic requirements and building blocks, but they are not sufficient for development . The mere existence of technology is not enough to achieve positive outcomes (no technological determinism). ICT4D strategies and policies focus on accelerating development works, minimizing drawbacks and removing bottlenecks with the use of technology to meet goals . Generally, interventions are of two kinds: Positive Assessment (e.g. incentives, projects, financing etc .) that make existing opportunities more prominent and Negative Assessment (e.g. regulation and legislation, etc .) that controls and suppress negative developments (diagonal yellow - red dimension in Figure). </P> <P> ICT development includes many types of infrastructure and services, ranging from telecommunications, such as voice, data, and media services, to specific applications, such as banking, education, or health, to the implementation of electronic government (e-government). Each of these types has its own trends that vary across countries and regions . </P> <P> One of the most positive trends has been observed in voice communications . Thus, the proportion of mobile phone subscriptions in developing countries increased from about 30 percent of the world total in 2000 to more than 50 percent in 2004 and to almost 70 percent in 2007 . In India, the total number of mobile phone subscriptions reached 851.70 million in June 2011, among which 289.57 million came from rural areas, with a higher percentage of increase than that in urban areas . Only about 35 percent of the population in developing countries has access to the Internet (versus about 80 percent in advanced economies). </P>

What are the examples of information communication technology