<P> Farming was not very productive and for several years the mission was dependent upon the arrival of supply ships . Historian Jame Culleton wrote in 1950, "The summer of' 73 came without bringing the supply ship . Neither Carmel nor Monterey was anything like self - supporting ." </P> <P> To improve baptismal rates, they sought to convert key members of the Esselen and Rumsen tribes, including chiefs . On May 9, 1775, Junípero Serra baptized what appears to be the first Esselen, Pach - hepas, who was the 40 - year - old chief of the Excelen . His baptism took place at Xasáuan, 10 leagues (about 26 miles (42 km)) southeast of the mission, in an area now named Cachagua, a close approximation of the Esselen name . This persuaded some Indians to follow them to the mission . </P> <P> The Esselen and Ohlone Indians who lived near the mission were baptized and then forcibly relocated and conscripted as forced laborers . Neophytes were taught to be farmers, shepherds, cowboys, blacksmiths, carpenters, bricklayers, furniture makers, tanners, weavers and candle makers . Disease, starvation, overwork, and torture decimated these tribes . In 1794, the population reached its peak of 927, but by 1823 the total had dwindled to 381 . There was extensive "comingling of the Costanoan with peoples of different linguistic and cultural background during the mission period ." </P> <P> In the beginning, the mission relied on bear meat from Mission San Antonio de Padua and supplies brought by ship from Mission San Diego de Alcalá . </P>

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