<P> During the time that this party existed, it was usually referred to as the Republican Party . To distinguish it from the modern Republican Party (founded in 1854), historians, political scientists, and pundits often refer to this party as the Democratic - Republican Party or the Jeffersonian Republican Party . It is often referred to by members and supporters of the modern Democratic Party, though sparingly by most scholars, as the Jeffersonian Democratic Party or, simply, the Democratic Party, generally to emphasize continuity with the modern party for the purposes of party politics; its name, however, inspired that of the modern Republican Party . </P> <P> The party arose from the "Anti-Administration" faction which met secretly in the national capital (Philadelphia) to oppose Hamilton's financial programs . Jefferson denounced the programs as leading to monarchy and subversive of republicanism . Jefferson needed to have a nationwide party to challenge the Federalists, which Hamilton was building up with allies in major cities . Foreign affairs took a leading role in 1794--1795 as the Republicans vigorously opposed the Jay Treaty with the United Kingdom, which was then at war with France . Republicans saw France as more democratic after its revolution, while the UK represented the hated monarchy . The party denounced many of Hamilton's measures as unconstitutional, especially the national bank . </P> <P> The party was strongest in the South and weakest in the Northeast . It demanded states' rights as expressed by the "Principles of 1798" articulated in the Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions that would allow states to nullify a federal law . Above all, the party stood for the primacy of the yeoman farmers . Republicans were deeply committed to the principles of republicanism, which they feared were threatened by the supposed monarchical tendencies of the Hamiltonian Federalists . The party came to power in 1801 with the election of Jefferson in the 1800 presidential election . The Federalists--too elitist to appeal to most people--faded away and totally collapsed after 1815 . Despite internal divisions, the Republicans dominated the First Party System until partisanship itself withered away during the Era of Good Feelings after 1816 . </P> <P> The party selected its presidential candidates in a caucus of members of Congress . They included Thomas Jefferson (nominated 1796; elected 1800--1801, 1804), James Madison (1808, 1812) and James Monroe (1816, 1820). By 1824, the caucus system had practically collapsed . After 1800, the party dominated Congress and most state governments outside New England . By 1824, the party was also split four ways and lacked a center, as the First Party System collapsed . The emergence of the Second Party System in the 1820s and 30s realigned the old factions . One remnant followed Andrew Jackson and Martin Van Buren into the new Democratic Party by 1828 . Another remnant, led by John Quincy Adams and Henry Clay formed the National Republican Party in 1824, while some remaining smaller factions formed the Anti-Masonic Party, which along with some National Republican groups, developed into the Whig Party by 1836 . Most remaining National Republicans would soon after go on to be a part of the Free - Soil and modern Republican Parties in the 1840s and 50s . </P>

Who was the first president from the newly evolved democratic-republican party