<P> On the subject of piracy, writings in the nineteenth century mostly consisted of the reprinting of source materials with little, if any commentary or interpretation . Reprinting ensured that historians remained objective, and that the grand pirate narratives remained intact . The big names of buccaneers and pirates like Captain Morgan and Blackbeard were major players in those stories . In the first part of the twentieth century, scholars who did not present faithful reprints published books on piracy that were little more than rewriting the same well - known stories . </P> <P> The evolution of the history of piracy mirrors that of many other subjects . As historians began to stray from the strict retelling of these stories, piracy became more significant . In the latter part of the twentieth century, historians began to see the Atlantic World in early modern times as an important frame in telling stories of colonialism, capitalism, slavery, and modernity . </P> <P> In recent historiographical works, pirates have been viewed through various lenses . Modern scholars have posited many reasons for the rise in piracy in the early eighteenth century, from a growing social emphasis on economics and capitalism to rebellion against an oppressive upper class . Recent academic books on piracy in the Atlantic World focus on the pirates and their relationships with the wider world . </P> <Ol> <Li> ^ Jump up to: Marcus Rediker, Villains of all nations: Atlantic pirates in the golden age (Boston: Beacon Press, 2004). </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ J.H. Elliot, "Atlantic History: A Circumnavigation," in The British Atlantic World, 1500--1800, eds . Armitage, David and Michael J. Braddick (New York: Palgrave, 2002). </Li> <Li> ^ Jump up to: Ian Baucom, Specters of the Atlantic (Duke University Press, 2005). </Li> <Li> ^ Jump up to: Hans Turley, Rum, sodomy, and the lash: piracy, sexuality, and masculine identity (New York: New York University Press, 1999). </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Polk, William R . The Birth of America: From Before Columbus to the Revolution . New York, NY: HarperCollins Publishers, 2006 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Anderson, J.L. Piracy and World History: An Economic Perspective on Maritime Predation, Journal of World History, Vol. 6, No. 2 (Fall, 1995). </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Rediker, Marcus . "Under the Banner of King Death": The Social World of Anglo - American Pirates, 1716 to 1726, The William and Mary Quarterly, Third Series, Vol. 38, No. 2 (Apr., 1981). </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Hughson, S.C. The Death - Struggles of Colonial Piracy . The Sewanee Review, Vol. 1, No. 2 (Feb., 1893). </Li> <Li> ^ Jump up to: Kris Lane, Pillaging the Empire: Piracy in the Americas, 1500--1750, (Armonk: M.E. Sharpe, Inc., 1998). </Li> <Li> ^ Jump up to: Frank Sherry, Raiders and Rebels: The Golden Age of Piracy (New York: Hearst Marine Books, 1986). </Li> <Li> ^ Jump up to: Daniel Defoe, A general history of the pyrates (Mineola N.Y.: Dover Publications, 1999). </Li> <Li> ^ Jump up to: Bradley Nutting, "The Madagascar Connection: Parliament and Piracy, 1690--1701". The American Journal of Legal History, Vol. 22, No. 3 (July 1978). </Li> <Li> ^ Jump up to: Marcus Rediker, The Slave Ship: A Human History (New York: Penguin Group, 2007). </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Joyce Appleby, The Relentless Revolution: A History of Capitalism, (New York: W.W. Norton & Company, 2010). </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ John Thornton, Africa and Africans in the Making of the Atlantic World, 1400--1800, (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1998). </Li> <Li> ^ Jump up to: Peter Linebaugh and Marcus Rediker, The Many - Headed Hydra: Sailors, Slaves, Commoners, and the Hidden History of the Revolutionary Atlantic (Boston: Beacon Press, 2000). </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Matthew Frick, "Feral Cities Pirate Havens" Proceedings of the United States Naval Institute 134 (2008). </Li> <Li> ^ Jump up to: W. Jeffrey Bolster, Black Jacks: African American Seamen in the Age of Sail (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1997). </Li> <Li> ^ Jump up to: Paul A. Gilje, Liberty on the Waterfront, (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2004). </Li> <Li> ^ Jump up to: Peter Leeson, Invisible hook: the hidden economics of pirates . (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2011). </Li> <Li> ^ Jump up to: Jarus, Owen . "Blackbeard's Booty: Pirate Ship Yields Medical Supplies". livescience.com . Retrieved 14 April 2016 . </Li> <Li> ^ Jump up to: B Burg, Sodomy and the pirate tradition: English sea rovers in the seventeenth century Caribbean (New York: New York University Press, 1995). </Li> <Li> ^ Jump up to: David Cordingly, Under the Black Flag: The Romance and the Reality of Life among the Pirates (New York: Random House, 1995). </Li> <Li> ^ Jump up to: Angus Konstam, The Pirate Ship: 1660--1730 (Oxford: Osprey Publishing Ltd .). </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Benerson Little, The Sea Rover's Practice: Pirate Tactics and Techniques, 1630--1730 (Washington D.C.: Potomac Books Inc., 2005). </Li> <Li> ^ Jump up to: Lawrence E. Babits, Joshua B. Howard, Matthew Brenckle, "Pirate Imagery," in X Marks the Spot, edited by Russell K. Skowronek and Charles R. Ewen . (University Press of Florida, 2006). </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Drye, Willie (August 29, 2011). "Blackbeard's Ship Confirmed off North Carolina". Daily News . National Geographic . Retrieved August 29, 2011 . </Li> <Li> ^ Jump up to: Wayne R. Lusardi, "The Beaufort Inlet Shipwreck Artifact Assemblage," in X Marks the Spot, edited by Russell K. Skowronek and Charles R. Ewen . (University Press of Florida, 2006) </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Mark U. Wilde - Ramsing, "The Pirate Ship Queen Anne's Revenge," in X Marks the Spot, edited by Russell K. Skowronek and Charles R. Ewen . (University Press of Florida, 2006). </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ http://www.islandgazette.net/news-server1/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=9534:250000-pieces - </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ D. Moore . (1997) "A General History of Blackbeard the Pirate, the Queen Anne's Revenge and the Adventure". In Tributaries, Volume VII, 1997 . pp. 31--35 . (North Carolina Maritime History Council) </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Patrick Lize, "Piracy in the Indian Ocean: Mauritius and the Speaker," in X Marks the Spot, edited by Russell K. Skowronek and Charles R. Ewen . (University Press of Florida, 2006). </Li> <Li> ^ Jump up to: Dudley Jarret, British Naval Dress (London: J.M. Dent and Sons Ltd, 1960). </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ H.E.D. Hammond, Lucy E. Broadwood, Frank Kidson, A.G. Gilchrist, "Songs of Soldier and Sailor Life: William and Nancy; or, Lisbon," Journal of the Folk - Song Society, Vol 7 . No. 27 . (Dec, 1923). </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ George Choundas, Pirate Primer: Mastering the language of Swashbucklers and Rouges (Georgetown: Writers Digest Books, 2007). </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Andrew Brown, A sermon on the Dangers of the Seafaring Life; Preached Before the Protestant Dissenting Congregation at Halifax and Published at the Desire of the Maritime Society in that Place, (Boston, MA, 1793). </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ "Queen Anne's Revenge Blackbeard Apothecary Mortar". YouTube . Retrieved 14 April 2016 . </Li> <Li> ^ Jump up to: Druett, Joan . She Captains: Heroines and Hellions of the Sea . (New York, NY: Simon and Schuster, 2000) </Li> <Li> ^ Jump up to: Ulrike Klausmann, Marion Meinzerin and Gabriel Kuhn (eds .), Women Pirates And the Politics of the Jolly Roger (Canada: Black Rose Books, 1997). </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Carolyn Eastman, "Shivering Timbers," Common - Place 10, no . 1 (October 2009): 1, http://www.common-place.org/vol-10/no-01/eastman/ . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Cotton Mather, The diary of Cotton Mather, D.D., F.R.S. for the year 1712 (Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1964). </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Philippe Rosenberg, "Sanctifying the Robe," in Penal practice and culture, 1500--1900, ed . Simon Devereaux and Paul Griffiths (Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2003). </Li> <Li> ^ Jump up to: Brian Hicks, Ghost Ship: The Mysterious True Story of the Mary Celeste and her Missing Crew, (New York, NY: The Random House Publishing Group, 2004). </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Vallar, Cindy . "Israel Hands". CindyVallar.com . Retrieved 9 March 2016 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ "Minutes of the North Carolina Governor's Council, including a deposition, a remonstrance, and correspondence concerning Tobias Knight's business with Edward Teach". docsouth.unc.edu . North Carolina Council . Retrieved 9 March 2016 . </Li> <Li> ^ Jump up to: John Robert Moore Defoe in the Pillory, and Other Studies (New York: Octagon Books, 1973). </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Philip Nicholas Furbank and W.R. Owens, The Canonisation of Daniel Defoe (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1988). </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ John Tebble, Between Covers: The Rise and Transformation of Book Publishing in America, (New York: Oxford University Press, 1987). </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Albert Johannsen, The House of Beadle and Adams and Its Nickel and Dime Books: The Story of a Vanished Literature, vol. 1& 2, (Norman: University of Oklahoma, 1950). </Li> <Li> ^ Jump up to: Nancy Turner, "Gasparilla's First 100 Years," The Tampa Tribune, February 7, 2004, Special page 10 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Karl Grismer, Tampa: A History of the City of Tampa and the Tampa Bay Region (St. Petersburg: St. Petersburg Printing Company Inc., 1950). </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Marcel d'Ans, "The Legend of Gasparilla: Myth and History on Florida's West Coast," Tampa Bay History 2, no . 2 (fall / winter, 1980). </Li> <Li> ^ Jump up to: Rosanna Ensley, "Peerless Pageant: The First Ten Years of Tampa's Gasparilla Festival," Tampa Bay History 21, 2007 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Michael Dunn, "Gasparilla Isn't Just a Big, Happy Parade," The Tampa Tribune, January 25, 2004, Metro . </Li> <Li> ^ Jump up to: Barry Clifford and Kenneth J. Kinkor. Real Pirates: The Untold Story of the Whydah from Slave Ship to Pirate Ship (Washington D.C.: National Geographic Society, 2008) </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ P.J. Capelotti, "The Treasures of the Pirate Ship Whydah" The Public Historian 15, no . 3 (Summer, 1993). </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Ricardo Elia, "The Ethics of Collaboration: Archaeologists and the Whydah Project" Historical Archaeology 26, no . 4 (Advances in Underwater Archaeology, 1992) </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Kevin Shinkle, "Black Historians Begin Talks on Proposed Pirate Museum," The Tampa Tribune, January 5, 1993, Business and Finance . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Kim Norris and Denise Smith Amos, "Tampa's Whydah Project is Dead," The St Petersburg Times, July 20, 1993, National 1A . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Mike Salinero, "MOSI Shelves Exhibit Plans for Whydah Pirate Ship--Foes Say It Slights Role in Slave Trade," The Tampa Tribune, December 5, 2006, Nation / World 1 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Philip Levy, "Tampa Again Refuses--To Harbor Whydah," The Tampa Tribune, December 6, 2006, Nation / World 15 . </Li> </Ol>

During the age of exploration pirates were most numerous on what coast