<Tr> <Td_colspan="2"> Steward Machine Company v. Davis, Helvering v. Davis </Td> </Tr> <P> The Social Security Act of 1935 Pub. L. 74--271, 49 Stat. 620, now codified as 42 U.S.C. ch. 7, created Social Security in the United States, and is relevant for US labor law . It created a basic right to a pension in old age, and insurance against unemployment . </P> <P> In the Second New Deal, the Social Security Act was signed into law by President Franklin D. Roosevelt on August 14, 1935 . The act laid the groundwork for the modern welfare system in the United States, with its primary focus to provide aid for the elderly, the unemployed, and children . Industrialization and the urbanization in the 19th Century created many new social problems, and transformed ideas of how society and the government should function together because of them . As industry expanded, cities grew quickly to keep up with demand for labor . Tenement houses were built quickly and poorly, cramming new migrants from farms and Southern and Eastern European immigrants into tight and unhealthy spaces . Work spaces were even more unsafe . In 1890, Jacob Riis wrote that "the quick change of economic conditions in the city...often out paces all plans of relief ." </P> <P> The Social Security Act has been amended significantly over time, but contains ten major titles . </P>

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