<P> The last Austrian - Ottoman war was known as the Dubica War (1788--1791), when the Austrians urged the Christians in Bosnia to rebel . No wars were fought afterwards until the 20th century, which marked the fall of both mighty empires (by this time, Austria had become Austria - Hungary). </P> <P> In the Banat region, which then formed part of the Ottoman Eyalet of Temeşvar, in the area around Vršac, a large uprising began against the Ottoman Empire in 1594 . It was the largest uprising of Serbian people against Ottoman rule till date . The leader of this uprising was Teodor Nestorović, the Bishop of Vršac . Other leaders were Sava Ban and voivode Velja Mironić . </P> <P> For a short time, the Serb rebels captured several cities in Banat, including Vršac, Bečkerek, and Lipova, as well as Titel and Bečej in Bačka . The size of this uprising is illustrated by the verse from one Serbian national song: "Sva se butum zemlja pobunila, Šest stotina podiglo se sela, Svak na cara pušku podigao!" ("The whole land has rebelled, a six hundred villages arose, everybody pointed his gun against the emperor"). The rebellion had the character of a holy war, the Serb rebels carrying flags with the image of Saint Sava . Sinan Pasha, who led the Ottoman army, ordered the green flag of Muhammad brought from Damascus to counter the Serbian flag, and burned the mortal remains of Saint Sava in Belgrade . </P> <P> Eventually, the uprising was crushed, and most of the Serbs from this region, fearing Ottoman retaliation, fled to Transylvania, leaving the Banat region deserted . </P>

Both serbia and bosnia were once part of the ottoman empire