<P> Chromatography was first employed in Russia by the Italian - born scientist Mikhail Tsvet in 1900 . He continued to work with chromatography in the first decade of the 20th century, primarily for the separation of plant pigments such as chlorophyll, carotenes, and xanthophylls . Since these components have different colors (green, orange, and yellow, respectively) they gave the technique its name . New types of chromatography developed during the 1930s and 1940s made the technique useful for many separation processes . </P> <P> Chromatography technique developed substantially as a result of the work of Archer John Porter Martin and Richard Laurence Millington Synge during the 1940s and 1950s, for which they won the 1952 Nobel Prize in Chemistry . They established the principles and basic techniques of partition chromatography, and their work encouraged the rapid development of several chromatographic methods: paper chromatography, gas chromatography, and what would become known as high - performance liquid chromatography . Since then, the technology has advanced rapidly . Researchers found that the main principles of Tsvet's chromatography could be applied in many different ways, resulting in the different varieties of chromatography described below . Advances are continually improving the technical performance of chromatography, allowing the separation of increasingly similar molecules . </P> <Ul> <Li> The analyte is the substance to be separated during chromatography . It is also normally what is needed from the mixture . </Li> <Li> Analytical chromatography is used to determine the existence and possibly also the concentration of analyte (s) in a sample . </Li> <Li> A bonded phase is a stationary phase that is covalently bonded to the support particles or to the inside wall of the column tubing . </Li> <Li> A chromatogram is the visual output of the chromatograph . In the case of an optimal separation, different peaks or patterns on the chromatogram correspond to different components of the separated mixture . </Li> </Ul> <Li> The analyte is the substance to be separated during chromatography . It is also normally what is needed from the mixture . </Li>

Write any two application of chromatography also write a condition necessary for chromatography