<P> Research has shown that lesions in the hippocampus of monkeys results in limited impairment of function, whereas extensive lesions that include the hippocampus and the medial temporal cortex result in severe impairment . </P> <P> The temporal lobe communicates with the hippocampus and plays a key role in the formation of explicit long - term memory modulated by the amygdala . </P> <Dl> <Dt> Auditory </Dt> <Dd> Adjacent areas in the superior, posterior, and lateral parts of the temporal lobes are involved in high - level auditory processing . The temporal lobe is involved in primary auditory perception, such as hearing, and holds the primary auditory cortex . The primary auditory cortex receives sensory information from the ears and secondary areas process the information into meaningful units such as speech and words . The superior temporal gyrus includes an area (within the lateral fissure) where auditory signals from the cochlea first reach the cerebral cortex and are processed by the primary auditory cortex in the left temporal lobe . </Dd> </Dl> <Dd> Adjacent areas in the superior, posterior, and lateral parts of the temporal lobes are involved in high - level auditory processing . The temporal lobe is involved in primary auditory perception, such as hearing, and holds the primary auditory cortex . The primary auditory cortex receives sensory information from the ears and secondary areas process the information into meaningful units such as speech and words . The superior temporal gyrus includes an area (within the lateral fissure) where auditory signals from the cochlea first reach the cerebral cortex and are processed by the primary auditory cortex in the left temporal lobe . </Dd>

The orbital areas are to the temporal areas