<P> At the time of World War I, the U.S. Army was small compared with the mobilized armies of the European powers . As late as 1914, the federal army was under 100,000, while the National Guard (the organized militias of the states) numbered around 115,000 . The National Defense Act of 1916 authorized the growth of the army to 165,000 and the National Guard to 450,000 by 1921, but by 1917 the federal army had only expanded to around 121,000, with the National Guard numbering 181,000 . </P> <P> By 1916, it had become clear that any participation by the United States in the conflict in Europe would require a far larger army . While President Wilson at first wished to use only volunteers to supply the troops needed to fight, it soon became clear that this would be impossible . When war was declared, Wilson asked for the army to increase to a force of one million . Indeed, six weeks after war was declared, only 73,000 had volunteered for service . Wilson accepted the recommendation by Secretary of War Newton D. Baker for a draft . </P> <P> General Enoch H. Crowder, the Judge Advocate General of the United States Army, when asked for his thoughts on the proposal, at first indicated his displeasure . Later, with the assistance of Captain Hugh Johnson and others, Crowder guided the bill through Congress and administered the draft as the Provost Marshal General . </P> <P> A problem that came up in the writing of the bill and its negotiation through Congress was the desire of former President Theodore Roosevelt to assemble a volunteer force to go to Europe . President Wilson and others, including army officers, were reluctant to permit this for a variety of reasons . The final bill contained a compromise provision permitting the president to raise four volunteer divisions, a power Wilson did not exercise . </P>

Which of the following was a result of the selective service act (the military draft)