<P> For what used to be the Turkestani region of the Soviet Union, which now comprises the countries Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan, Heptner and Sludskii could not exclude the possibility of lions occurring in the southern part of the area, which is close to Iran, and along the upper Amu Darya, which has a tributary called "Sherabad Darya," which touches a town called' Shirabad' . Doctor A.B. Meyer, in his book, The Antiquity of the Lion in Greece, said that the lion did indeed occur in the region of Khaurism, between Afghanistan and the Caspian Sea . This was based on Abbott's 1834 book, A Narrative of a journey from Heraut to Khiva, Moscow and St. Petersburgh, which said that the predators of Khaurism included both the lion and tiger . In the southwestern part of Turkestan, tigers occurred in the area of the Kopet Dag, along the Atrek River to the Caspian Sea, and the river's tributaries, the Chandyr and Sumbar Rivers, including the area of Tedzhen, often as intruders from Iran . They also occurred in the regions of the Amu and Syr Daryas, and others, in a vast area extending to the region of Western Siberia or Lake Baikal in the east, where the Amur tiger also reportedly occurred . Two tigers that were captured in southwestern Tajikistan harbored tapeworms (Taenia bubesei) which were also recovered from the lion, according to Chernyshev (1953). </P> <P> In prehistoric times, before the 10th millennium BC, the Upper Pleistocene Eurasian cave lion had occurred throughout much of Eurasia, including the Caucasus, what is now Siberia in Russia, and what used to be Beringia . Judging from cave paintings, such as those of Chauvet, cave lions were social, having formed hunting groups like their modern relatives . Their great distribution may have enabled them to influence the distributions of sympatric carnivores like the tiger, through direct or indirect competition . In fact, during the early Pleistocene, tigers, including the prehistoric Wanhsien tiger, appear to have been confined to the Far East, from Siberia in the north to the Sunda Islands in the south . It was during the late Pleistocene or Holocene, around when the cave lion became rare or extinct, that the tiger spread westwards to places like the Caucasus and Indian Subcontinent . </P> <P> In addition to historical recordings, clashes between lions and tigers were reported or even caught on camera, in the 19th and 20th centuries . It was not always clear which species regularly beat the other, according to Doctor Packer (2015). </P> <Ul> <Li> Roman Emperor Titus had Bengal tigers compelled to fight African lions, and the tigers always beat the lions . </Li> <Li> In July 1808, Sylvanus Urban said that Mr Bolton had a friend who claimed to have seen a fight between the lion and tiger at a circus in Verona . Though the tiger had attacked first, it yielded to the stronger lion . </Li> <Li> In 1830, a tiger attacked a lion at a menagerie in Turin, Rome . Despite having attacked first, the lion got it on its back, and used its jaws to hold the tiger's throat . The tiger died after that . </Li> <Li> Clark (1838) said that a British officer, who resided many years at Sierra Leone, saw many fights between lions and tigers, and that the tiger' universally' won . </Li> <Li> In 1857, an 18 - month - old tiger at the Bromwich Zoo broke into the cage of an adult lion . The pair fought, and the young tiger ripped the lion's stomach . The lion died minutes later . </Li> <Li> According to Porter (1894), a tiger called' Gunga', which belonged to the King of Oude, killed thirty lions, and destroyed another after being transferred to the zoological garden in London . </Li> <Li> According to the Gettysburg Compiler and The Baltimore Sun (1899), towards the end of the 19th century in India, the Gaekwad of Baroda, that is Sayajirao III, arranged a fight in an amphitheater, between a Barbary lion called' Atlas', from the Atlas Mountains between Algeria and Morocco, and a Bengal tiger from the Indian region of Shimla, both large and hungry (with their diets reduced before the fight), before an audience of thousands, instead of between an Indian lion and the tiger, as Indian lions were believed to be no match for Bengal tigers . The tiger was more than 10 feet (3.0 metres) long, over 4 feet (120 centimetres) feet at the shoulder, had strong shoulders and long teeth and claws, and was agile . The lion looked taller at the head than the tiger, and had a large mane, legs and paws . The tiger was seen as "the personification of graceful strength and supple energy," whereas the lion was seen as the "embodiment of massive power and adamantine muscle ." In the fight, both cats sustained injuries, and although the tiger sometimes retreated from Atlas, it would come back to fight it, and in the end, managed to scratch Atlas to death, though Atlas pushed it off in one final move, before dying . The Gaekwad agreed to pay 37,000 rupees, accepted that the tiger was the "King of the Cat Family," decreed that Atlas' body be given a Royal burial, and that the tiger should have a "cage of honour" in the menagerie of Baroda, and decided to prepare the tiger for a battle with a Sierran Grizzly bear weighing more than 1,500 lb (680 kilograms). The battle was to happen after the tiger recovered from its wounds . </Li> <Li> At the Coney Island animal show in 1909, a performing lion attacked a chained tiger by leaping through the air, landing on the tiger's back . Though hampered by the heavy neck chain fastened to the iron bars of the arena, the tiger was more than a match for the lion and mangled it to death . </Li> <Li> In May 1914, at New York's Bronx Zoo, the barrier between the cages of Rajah, an 8 - year - old Bengal tiger, and Huerte, a Nubian lion which was 2 or 3 years old, and had been sick for some time, got opened in an "unaccountable manner ." For the first few minutes, the more agile Huerte appeared to be winning, but when it aimed for its injured opponent's neck, about an hour into the fight, Rajah aimed for its nape . Not only did Rajah manage to bite Huerte's nape, but it also broke Huerte's back, thus slaughtering it . </Li> <Li> In 1934, a fully grown African lion killed a mature Bengal tiger a short time after these circus animals were unloaded from the train, before trainers could separate them . </Li> <Li> Bert Nelson (1938) said that in Chicago, when 20 lions and tigers were mixed together for an act at a circus, a fight occurred, lasting for about 10 minutes . No fatalities were mentioned, but Nelson said that order was' restored' when tigers used escape doors to flee . </Li> <Li> At South Perth Zoo, 1949, in a three - minute fight between a lion and a tiger, the lion killed the tiger . The fight occurred when the tiger put his head through a connecting slide . The lion caught the tiger by the throat, and, dragging it through the opening, killed it before the keepers arrived . </Li> <Li> By 21 February 1951, Beatty had seen 50 tigers killed by lions throughout his career . </Li> <Li> In September 1951, at a corporation zoo in Madras, India, an eighteen - year - old tiger called' Vikram' entered the cage of a seven - year - old lion called' Leo', and got into a fight with it . Badly mauled, including in the femur, Vikram retreated into its cage, and despite receiving medical attention, died . </Li> <Li> An Indian Prince organised a filmed fight in a deep pit in the compound of his palace . The lion had killed the tiger, according to Kailash Sankhala (1978). </Li> <Li> In March 2011, a Bengal tiger at the Ankara Zoo passed through a gap, between its cage and that of a lion, and killed it with a single paw swipe . "The tiger severed the lion's jugular vein in a single stroke with its paw, leaving the animal dying in a pool of blood," officials said . </Li> </Ul>

Who wins in a fight a lion or tiger
find me the text answering this question