<P> The history of banking is intertwined with the history of money . Ancient types of money known as grain - money and food cattle - money were used from a time of around at least 9000 BC, as two of the earliest things understood as things to be made use of for the purposes of barter (Davies). </P> <P> Anatolian obsidian as a raw material for Stone Age tools was being distributed from as early as about 12,500 B.C., the occurrence of an organized trade was current during the 9th millennium (Cauvin; Chataigner 1989). Within Sardinia, which was the location of one of the four main sites for sourcing the material deposits of obsidian within the Mediterranean, trade using obsidian was replaced during the 3rd millennia by trade instead of copper and silver . </P> <P> Objects used for record keeping, "bulla" and tokens, have been recovered from within Near East excavations, dated to a period beginning 8000 B.C.E and ending 1500 B.C.E., as records of the counting of agricultural produce . Commencing in the late fourth millennia mnemonic symbols were in use by members of temples and palaces to serve to record stocks of produce . Types of records accounting for trade exchanges of payments were being made firstly about 3200 . A very early writing on clay tablet called the Code of Hammurabi, refers to the regulation of a banking activity of sorts within the civilization (Armstrong) of an era which dates to ca . 1700 BCE, banking was well enough developed to justify laws governing banking operations . Later during the Achaemenid Empire (after 646 BC .), further evidence is found of banking practices in the Mesopotamia region . </P> <P> By the 5th millennium B.C. the settlements of Sumer, such as Eridu, were formed around a central temple . In the fifth millennium, people began to build and live in the civilization of cities, providing a structure for the construction of institutions and establishments . Tell Brak and Uruk were two early urban settlements . </P>

Where was the first bank established in the world