<P> In the immediate post-war era the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) was inundated with requests to set up new television stations . Worrying about congestion of the limited number of channels available, the FCC put a moratorium on all new licenses in 1948 while considering the problem . A solution was immediately forthcoming; rapid development of radio receiver electronics during the war had opened a wide band of higher frequencies to practical use, and the FCC set aside a large section of these new UHF bands for television broadcast . At the time, black and white television broadcasting was still in its infancy in the U.S., and the FCC started to look at ways of using this newly available bandwidth for color broadcasts . Since no existing television would be able to tune in these stations, they were free to pick an incompatible system and allow the older VHF channels to die off over time . </P> <P> The FCC called for technical demonstrations of color systems in 1948, and the Joint Technical Advisory Committee (JTAC) was formed to study them . CBS displayed improved versions of its original design, now using a single 6 MHz channel (like the existing black - and - white signals) at 144 fields per second and 405 lines of resolution . Color Television Inc. demonstrated its line - sequential system, while Philco demonstrated a dot - sequential system based on its beam - index tube - based "Apple" tube technology . Of the entrants, the CBS system was by far the best - developed, and won head - to - head testing every time . </P> <P> While the meetings were taking place it was widely known within the industry that RCA was working on a dot - sequential system that was compatible with existing black - and - white broadcasts, but RCA declined to demonstrate it during the first series of meetings . Just before the JTAC presented its findings, on August 25, 1949, RCA broke its silence and introduced its system as well . The JTAC still recommended the CBS system, and after the resolution of an ensuing RCA lawsuit, color broadcasts using the CBS system started on June 25, 1951 . By this point the market had changed dramatically; when color was first being considered in 1948 there were fewer than a million television sets in the U.S., but by 1951 there were well over 10 million . The idea that the VHF band could be allowed to "die" was no longer practical . </P> <P> During its campaign for FCC approval, CBS gave the first demonstrations of color television to the general public, showing an hour of color programs daily Mondays through Saturdays, beginning January 12, 1950, and running for the remainder of the month, over WOIC in Washington, D.C., where the programs could be viewed on eight 16 - inch color receivers in a public building . Due to high public demand, the broadcasts were resumed February 13--21, with several evening programs added . CBS initiated a limited schedule of color broadcasts from its New York station WCBS - TV Mondays to Saturdays beginning November 14, 1950, making ten color receivers available for the viewing public . All were broadcast using the single color camera that CBS owned . The New York broadcasts were extended by coaxial cable to Philadelphia's WCAU - TV beginning December 13, and to Chicago on January 10, making them the first network color broadcasts . </P>

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