<Tr> <Td_colspan="2"> (edit on Wikidata) </Td> </Tr> <P> Albinism in humans is a congenital disorder characterized by the complete or partial absence of pigment in the skin, hair and eyes . Albinism is associated with a number of vision defects, such as photophobia, nystagmus, and amblyopia . Lack of skin pigmentation makes for more susceptibility to sunburn and skin cancers . In rare cases such as Chédiak--Higashi syndrome, albinism may be associated with deficiencies in the transportation of melanin granules . This also affects essential granules present in immune cells leading to increased susceptibility to infection . </P> <P> Albinism results from inheritance of recessive gene alleles and is known to affect all vertebrates, including humans . It is due to absence or defect of tyrosinase, a copper - containing enzyme involved in the production of melanin . It is the opposite of melanism . Unlike humans, other animals have multiple pigments and for these, albinism is considered to be a hereditary condition characterised by the absence of melanin in particular, in the eyes, skin, hair, scales, feathers or cuticle . While an organism with complete absence of melanin is called an albino an organism with only a diminished amount of melanin is described as leucistic or albinoid . The term is from the Latin albus, "white". </P> <P> In humans, there are two principal types of albinism: oculocutaneous, affecting the eyes, skin and hair, and ocular affecting the eyes only . </P>

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