<P> U.S. aid to the non-Communist forces of the area had started in 1950, both with materiel and assistance to the French doing the primary training . It had to wait for U.S. aid was administered by the Military Assistance Advisory Group, Indochina (MAAG - I), which had been established in October 1950 under the command of brigadier general (BG) Francis G. Brink, followed by major general (MG) T.J.H. Trapnell . </P> <P> Starting in 1952, a more senior officer, lieutenant general (LTG) John W. O'Daniel, Commanding General, U.S. Army, Pacific (USARPAC), made three fact - finding trips to France, after Marshal Jean de Lattre de Tassigny, dying of cancer, had been replaced by General Raoul Salan on 1 April 1952, and after General Henri - Eugene Navarre had succeeded General Salan in May of the following year . While he had no effect on French operations, he did build relationships . O'Daniel had been a division commander during the Korean War, so was not unknown since the French had forces in that war . </P> <P> Nevertheless, the relationships both with the French and Vietnamese changed with the French defeat and gradual withdrawal . French trainers did not abruptly withdraw in 1954 after the Geneva accords, and, indeed, there was a French desire to stay involved in training the South Vietnamese . Part of this may have been pride, and partially a desire to maintain French influence . </P> <P> France's painful withdrawal may have led to its lack of cooperation in European defense arrangements that included the United States . France rejected European Defense Community on August 30, 1954, possibly to thank the Soviets for help at Geneva . But it is certain that many French were persuaded that the U.S. and the UK furnished inadequate support to France during the latter phases of the war, and at the Conference . And it is equally certain that American policy in the aftermath of Geneva widely alienated affection for the U.S. in France, and created that lack of confidence which the Suez crisis of summer, 1956, translated into outright distrust . </P>

When did the french pull out of vietnam
find me the text answering this question