<P> Unable to put down the rebellion, Governor Lyttelton appealed to Jeffrey Amherst, who sent Archibald Montgomery with an army of 1,200 British regulars and Scots Highlanders . Montgomery's army burned a few of the Cherokees' abandoned Lower Towns . When he tried to cross into the region of the Cherokee Middle Towns, he was ambushed and defeated at "Etchoe Pass" and forced to return to Charles Town . In 1761 the British made a third attempt to defeat the Cherokee . General Grant led an army of 2,600 men, including Catawba scouts . The Cherokee fought at Etchoe Pass but failed to stop Grant's army . The British burned the Cherokee Middle Towns and fields of crops . </P> <P> In September 1761, a number of Cherokee chiefs led by Attakullakulla petitioned for peace . The terms of the peace treaty, concluded in Charleston that December, included the cession of lands along the South Carolina frontier . </P> <P> After the Cherokee defeat and cession of land, new settlers from Ulster flooded into the Upcountry through the Waxhaws in what is now called Lancaster County . Lawlessness ensued and robbery, arson, and looting became common . Upcountry residents formed a group of "Regulators," vigilantes who took the law into their own hands to control the criminals . Having acquired 50% of the state's white population, but just three elected assemblymen in the Commons House of Assembly, the Upcountry sent representative Patrick Calhoun and other representatives before the Charles Town state legislature to appeal for representation, courts, roads, and supplies for churches and schools . Before long, Calhoun and Moses Kirkland were in the legislature as Upcountry representatives . </P> <P> By 1775, the colony contained 60,000 European Americans and 80,000 mostly enslaved African Americans . </P>

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