<P> Jujutsu (/ dʒ uː ˈdʒuːtsuː / joo - JOOT - soo; Japanese: 柔術, jūjutsu listen (help info)) is a Japanese martial art and a method of close combat for defeating an armed and armored opponent in which one uses no weapon or only a short weapon . </P> <P> "Jū" can be translated to mean "gentle, soft, supple, flexible, pliable, or yielding ." "Jutsu" can be translated to mean "art" or "technique" and represents manipulating the opponent's force against himself rather than confronting it with one's own force . Jujutsu developed to combat the samurai of feudal Japan as a method for defeating an armed and armored opponent in which one uses no weapon, or only a short weapon . Because striking against an armored opponent proved ineffective, practitioners learned that the most efficient methods for neutralizing an enemy took the form of pins, joint locks, and throws . These techniques were developed around the principle of using an attacker's energy against him, rather than directly opposing it . </P> <P> There are many variations of the art, which leads to a diversity of approaches . Jujutsu schools (ryū) may utilize all forms of grappling techniques to some degree (i.e. throwing, trapping, joint locks, holds, gouging, biting, disengagements, striking, and kicking). In addition to jujutsu, many schools teach the use of weapons . Today, jujutsu is practiced in both traditional and modern sports forms . Derived sport forms include the Olympic sport and martial art of judo, which was developed by Kanō Jigorō in the late 19th century from several traditional styles of jujutsu, and Brazilian jiu - jitsu, which was derived from earlier (pre--World War II) versions of Kodokan judo . </P> <P> Jujutsu, the current standard spelling, is derived using the Hepburn romanization system . Before the first half of the 20th century, however, Jiu - Jitsu and Ju - Jitsu were preferred, even though the romanization of the second kanji as Jitsu is unfaithful to the standard Japanese pronunciation . Since Japanese martial arts first became widely known of in the West in that time period, these earlier spellings are still common in many places . Ju - Jitsu is still a common spelling in France, Canada, and the United Kingdom while Jiu - Jitsu is most widely used in Germany and Brazil . </P>

Which martial arts was created from the principles of jiu jitsu
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