<Ol> <Li> Explication . Unclearly premissed, but deductive, analysis of the hypothesis in order to render its parts as clear as possible . </Li> <Li> Demonstration: Deductive Argumentation, Euclidean in procedure . Explicit deduction of hypothesis's consequences as predictions, for induction to test, about evidence to be found . Corollarial or, if needed, theorematic . </Li> </Ol> <Li> Explication . Unclearly premissed, but deductive, analysis of the hypothesis in order to render its parts as clear as possible . </Li> <Li> Demonstration: Deductive Argumentation, Euclidean in procedure . Explicit deduction of hypothesis's consequences as predictions, for induction to test, about evidence to be found . Corollarial or, if needed, theorematic . </Li> <Li> Induction . The long - run validity of the rule of induction is deducible from the principle (presuppositional to reasoning in general) that the real is only the object of the final opinion to which adequate investigation would lead; anything to which no such process would ever lead would not be real . Induction involving ongoing tests or observations follows a method which, sufficiently persisted in, will diminish its error below any predesignate degree . Three stages: <Ol> <Li> Classification . Unclearly premissed, but inductive, classing of objects of experience under general ideas . </Li> <Li> Probation: direct inductive argumentation . Crude (the enumeration of instances) or gradual (new estimate of proportion of truth in the hypothesis after each test). Gradual induction is qualitative or quantitative; if qualitative, then dependent on weightings of qualities or characters; if quantitative, then dependent on measurements, or on statistics, or on countings . </Li> <Li> Sentential Induction. "...which, by inductive reasonings, appraises the different probations singly, then their combinations, then makes self - appraisal of these very appraisals themselves, and passes final judgment on the whole result". </Li> </Ol> </Li>

When do you say that an inquiry is scientific