<P> In Chinese painting during the Yuan dynasty there were many famous painters . In the area of calligraphy many of the great calligraphers were from the Yuan dynasty era . In Yuan poetry, the main development was the qu, which was used among other poetic forms by most of the famous Yuan poets . Many of the poets were also involved in the major developments in the theater during this time, and the other way around, with people important in the theater becoming famous through the development of the sanqu type of qu . One of the key factors in the mix of the zaju variety show was the incorporation of poetry both classical and of the newer qu form . One of the important cultural developments during the Yuan era was the consolidation of poetry, painting, and calligraphy into a unified piece of the type that tends to come to mind when people think of classical Chinese art . Another important aspect of Yuan times is the increasing incorporation of the then current, vernacular Chinese into both the qu form of poetry and the zaju variety show . Another important consideration regarding Yuan dynasty arts and culture is that so much of it has survived in China, relatively to works from the Tang dynasty and Song dynasty, which have often been better preserved in places such as the Shōsōin, in Japan . </P> <P> There were many religions practiced during the Yuan dynasty, such as Buddhism, Islam, Christianity and Manichaeism . The establishment of the Yuan dynasty had dramatically increased the number of Muslims in China . However, unlike the western khanates, the Yuan dynasty never converted to Islam . Instead, Kublai Khan, the founder of the Yuan dynasty, favored Buddhism, especially the Tibetan variants . As a result, Tibetan Buddhism was established as the de facto state religion . The top - level department and government agency known as the Bureau of Buddhist and Tibetan Affairs (Xuanzheng Yuan) was set up in Khanbaliq (modern Beijing) to supervise Buddhist monks throughout the empire . Since Kublai Khan only esteemed the Sakya sect of Tibetan Buddhism, other religions became less important . He and his successors kept a Sakya Imperial Preceptor (Dishi) at court . Before the end of the Yuan dynasty, 14 leaders of the Sakya sect had held the post of Imperial Preceptor, thereby enjoying special power . Furthermore, Mongol patronage of Buddhism resulted in a number of monuments of Buddhist art . Mongolian Buddhist translations, almost all from Tibetan originals, began on a large scale after 1300 . Many Mongols of the upper class such as the Jalayir and the Oronar nobles as well as the emperors also patronized Confucian scholars and institutions . A considerable number of Confucian and Chinese historical works were translated into the Mongolian language . </P> <P> At the same time the Mongols imported Central Asian Muslims to serve as administrators in China, the Mongols also sent Hans and Khitans from China to serve as administrators over the Muslim population in Bukhara in Central Asia, using foreigners to curtail the power of the local peoples of both lands . </P> <P> Genghis Khan and the following Yuan emperors forbade Islamic practices like Halal butchering, forcing Mongol methods of butchering animals on Muslims, and other restrictive degrees continued . Muslims had to slaughter sheep in secret . Genghis Khan directly called Muslims and Jews "slaves" and demanded that they follow the Mongol method of eating rather than the halal method . Circumcision was also forbidden . Jews were also affected and forbidden by the Mongols to eat Kosher . </P>

How was the ming dynasty approach to clothing different from that of the yuan dynasty