<Tr> <Th> ISO 3166 code </Th> <Td> BG </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Internet TLD </Th> <Td>. bg </Td> </Tr> <P> Bulgaria (/ bʌlˈɡɛəriə, bʊl - / (listen); Bulgarian: България, tr . Bǎlgariya), officially the Republic of Bulgaria (Bulgarian: Република България, tr . Republika Bǎlgariya, IPA: (rɛˈpublikɐ bɐɫˈɡarijɐ)), is a country in southeastern Europe . It is bordered by Romania to the north, Serbia and Macedonia to the west, Greece and Turkey to the south, and the Black Sea to the east . The capital and largest city is Sofia; other major cities are Plovdiv, Varna and Burgas . With a territory of 110,994 square kilometres (42,855 sq mi), Bulgaria is Europe's 16th - largest country . </P> <P> Organised prehistoric cultures appeared in Bulgarian lands during the Neolithic period . In Antiquity, the region was a battleground for Thracians, Persians, Celts and Macedonian Greeks until it was conquered by the Roman Empire in 45 AD . The Eastern Roman Empire lost some of these territories to an invading Bulgar horde, which founded the first unified Bulgarian state in 681 AD . It dominated most of the Balkans and functioned as a cultural hub for Slavs during the Middle Ages . After numerous exhausting wars and feudal strife, the Second Bulgarian Empire disintegrated in 1396 and its territories fell under Ottoman rule for nearly five centuries . The Russo - Turkish War of 1877--78 resulted in the formation of the current Third Bulgarian State . Many ethnic Bulgarian populations were left outside its borders, which led to several conflicts with its neighbours and an alliance with Germany in both world wars . In 1946 Bulgaria became a one - party socialist state and part of the Soviet - led Eastern Bloc . The ruling Communist Party gave up its monopoly on power after the Revolutions of 1989 and allowed multi-party elections . Bulgaria then transitioned into a democracy and a market - based economy . </P>

What is the capital of bulgaria on a map
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