<Li> The transverse colon including the colic flexures and transverse mesocolon </Li> <Li> The descending colon </Li> <Li> The sigmoid colon--the s - shaped region of the large intestine </Li> <P> The parts of the colon are either intraperitoneal or behind it in the retroperitoneum . Retroperitoneal organs in general do not have a complete covering of peritoneum, so they are fixed in location . Intraperitoneal organs are completely surrounded by peritoneum and are therefore mobile . Of the colon, the ascending colon, descending colon and rectum are retroperitoneal, while the cecum, appendix, transverse colon and sigmoid colon are intraperitoneal . This is important as it affects which organs can be easily accessed during surgery, such as a laparotomy . </P>

The last section of the large intestine is called