<P> Ultimately, the photographic process came about from a series of refinements and improvements in the first 20 years . In 1884 George Eastman, of Rochester, New York, developed dry gel on paper, or film, to replace the photographic plate so that a photographer no longer needed to carry boxes of plates and toxic chemicals around . In July 1888 Eastman's Kodak camera went on the market with the slogan "You press the button, we do the rest". Now anyone could take a photograph and leave the complex parts of the process to others, and photography became available for the mass - market in 1901 with the introduction of the Kodak Brownie . </P> <P> Daguerreotype cameras were advertised in Calcutta a year after their invention in France--but photographic societies in Bombay, Calcutta and Madras were beginning to pop up from the 1850s onward . As the practice of photography evolved, a contrasting style developed alongside the predominantly European influence on the art form . This turn is most notable in the work of Raja Deen Dayal, India's most celebrated 19th - century photographer, whose appointment as court photographer to the sixth Nizam of Hyderabad allowed him unique access to the inner circles of aristocratic life . </P> <P> In March 1958, the Venetian photographer Felice Beato traveled to Lucknow on assignment from the British War Department to document the massacres there . His most famous photograph is of corpses inside the walled garden of the Secundra Bagh . </P> <P> A European woman working in Calcutta in the early 1860s, E. Mayer, was likely the first woman to practice photography professionally in India . She operated a portrait studio for women . </P>

What were two methods for making photographs in the 1800s