<P> A formal Irish - language personal name consists of a given name and a surname . Surnames in Irish are generally patronymic in etymology, although they are no longer literal patronyms, as Icelandic names are . The form of a surname varies according to whether its bearer is male or female and in the case of a married woman, whether she chooses to adopt her husband's surname . </P> <P> An alternative traditional naming convention consists of the first name followed by a double patronym, usually with the father and grandfather's names . This convention is not used for official purposes but is generalized in Gaeltachtaí, or Irish - speaking areas, and also survives in some rural non-Gaeltacht areas . Sometimes the name of the mother or grandmother may be used instead of that of the father or grandfather . </P> <P> A first name may be modified by an adjective to distinguish its bearer from other people with the same name . Mór ("big") and Óg ("young") are used to distinguish father and son, like English "junior" and "senior", but are placed between the given name and the surname: Seán Óg Ó Súilleabháin corresponds to "John O'Sullivan Jr ." (although anglicised versions of the name often drop the "O"' from the name). </P> <P> The word Beag / Beg, meaning "little", can be used in place of Óg . This did not necessarily indicate that the younger person was small in stature, merely younger than his father . Sometimes beag would be used to imply a baby was small at birth, possibly premature . </P>

What does o stand for in irish names
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