<P> Extrajudicial punishment was more brutal . During the last decade of the 19th century and the first decades of the 20th century, white vigilante mobs lynched thousands of black males, sometimes with the overt assistance of state officials, mostly within the South . No whites were charged with crimes in any of those murders . Whites were so confident of their immunity from prosecution for lynching that they not only photographed the victims, but made postcards out of the pictures . </P> <P> The Ku Klux Klan, which had largely disappeared after a brief violent career in the early years of Reconstruction, reappeared in 1915 . It grew mostly in industrializing cities of the South and Midwest that underwent the most rapid growth from 1910 to 1930 . Social instability contributed to racial tensions that resulted from severe competition for jobs and housing . People joined KKK groups because they were anxious about their place in American society, as cities were rapidly changed by a combination of industrialization, migration of blacks and whites from the rural South, and waves of increased immigration from mostly rural southern and eastern Europe . </P> <P> Initially the KKK presented itself as another fraternal organization devoted to betterment of its members . The KKK's revival was inspired in part by the movie Birth of a Nation, which glorified the earlier Klan and dramatized the racist stereotypes concerning blacks of that era . The Klan focused on political mobilization, which allowed it to gain power in states such as Indiana, on a platform that combined racism with anti-immigrant, anti-Semitic, anti-Catholic and anti-union rhetoric, but also supported lynching . It reached its peak of membership and influence about 1925, declining rapidly afterward as opponents mobilized . </P> <P> Republicans repeatedly introduced bills in the House to make lynching a federal crime, but they were defeated by the Southern block . In 1920 the Republicans made an anti-lynching bill part of their platform and achieved passage in the House by a wide margin . Southern Democrats in the Senate repeatedly filibustered the bill to prevent a vote, and defeated it in the 1922, 1923 and 1924 sessions as they held the rest of the legislative program hostage . </P>

How did the civil rights movement change between the 19th and 20th centuries