<P> According to historian H.W. Brands, Jackson sincerely believed that his population transfer was a "wise and humane policy" that would save the Indians from "utter annihilation". Brands writes that, given the "racist realities of the time, Jackson was almost certainly correct in contending that for the Cherokees to remain in Georgia risked their extinction". Jackson portrayed his paternalism and federal support as a generous act of mercy . </P> <P> On April 24, 1830, the Senate passed the Indian Removal Act by a vote of 28 to 19 . On May 26, 1830, the House of Representatives passed the Act by a vote of 101 to 97 . On May 28, 1830, the Indian Removal Act was signed into law by President Andrew Jackson . </P> <P> The Removal Act paved the way for the forced expulsion of tens of thousands of American Indians from their land into the West in an event widely known as the "Trail of Tears," a forced resettlement of the Indian population . The first removal treaty signed was the Treaty of Dancing Rabbit Creek on September 27, 1830, in which Choctaws in Mississippi ceded land east of the river in exchange for payment and land in the West . The Treaty of New Echota was signed in 1835 and resulted in the removal of the Cherokee on the Trail of Tears . </P> <P> The Seminoles and other tribes did not leave peacefully, as they resisted the removal along with fugitive slaves . The Second Seminole War lasted from 1835 to 1842 and resulted in the government allowing them to remain in the south Florida swamplands . Only a small number remained, and around 3,000 were removed in the war . </P>

What did the indian removal act lead to
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