<Table> External video <Tr> <Td_colspan="2"> Frontline: The Spill (54: 25), Frontline on PBS </Td> </Tr> </Table> <Tr> <Td_colspan="2"> Frontline: The Spill (54: 25), Frontline on PBS </Td> </Tr> <P> The Deepwater Horizon oil spill (also referred to as the BP oil spill, the BP oil disaster, the Gulf of Mexico oil spill, and the Macondo blowout) is an industrial disaster that began on April 20, 2010, in the Gulf of Mexico on the BP - operated Macondo Prospect . Killing eleven people, it is considered the largest marine oil spill in the history of the petroleum industry and estimated to be 8% to 31% larger in volume than the previous largest, the Ixtoc I oil spill . The U.S. government estimated the total discharge at 4.9 million barrels (210 million US gal; 780,000 m). After several failed efforts to contain the flow, the well was declared sealed on September 19, 2010 . Reports in early 2012 indicated that the well site was still leaking . </P> <P> A massive response ensued to protect beaches, wetlands and estuaries from the spreading oil utilizing skimmer ships, floating booms, controlled burns and 1.84 million US gallons (7,000 m) of oil dispersant . Due to the months - long spill, along with adverse effects from the response and cleanup activities, extensive damage to marine and wildlife habitats and fishing and tourism industries was reported . In Louisiana, 4,900,000 pounds (2,200 t) of oily material was removed from the beaches in 2013, over double the amount collected in 2012 . Oil cleanup crews worked four days a week on 55 miles (89 km) of Louisiana shoreline throughout 2013 . Oil continued to be found as far from the Macondo site as the waters off the Florida Panhandle and Tampa Bay, where scientists said the oil and dispersant mixture is embedded in the sand . In April 2013, it was reported that dolphins and other marine life continued to die in record numbers with infant dolphins dying at six times the normal rate . One study released in 2014 reported that tuna and amberjack that were exposed to oil from the spill developed deformities of the heart and other organs that would be expected to be fatal or at least life - shortening and another study found that cardiotoxicity might have been widespread in animal life exposed to the spill . </P>

Who was responsible for the oil spill in the gulf of mexico