<P> Sanibel is a city in Lee County, Florida, United States, on Sanibel Island . The population was 6,469 at the 2010 census, with an estimated 2012 population of 6,741 . It is part of the Cape Coral - Fort Myers, Florida Metropolitan Statistical Area . Sanibel is a barrier island--a collection of sand on the leeward side of the more solid coral - rock of Pine Island . </P> <P> The city incorporates the entire island, with most of the city proper at the east end of the island . After the Sanibel causeway was built to replace the ferry in May 1963, the residents asserted control over development by establishing the Sanibel Comprehensive Land Use Plan in 1974 helping to maintain a balance between development and preservation of the island's ecology . A new, higher bridge, permitting passage without a bascule bridge (drawbridge) of tall boats and sailboats, was completed in late 2007 . </P> <P> Due to easy causeway access, Sanibel is a popular tourist destination known for its shell beaches and wildlife refuges . More than half of the island is made up of wildlife refuges, the largest being J.N. "Ding" Darling National Wildlife Refuge . The Island hosts the Sanibel Historical Village and a variety of other museums and theaters, as well as many non-profit organizations like the Sanibel - Captiva Conservation Foundation, the Clinic for the Rehabilitation of Wildlife, and the Sanibel Sea School . In August 2004, Hurricane Charley hit the island causing mandatory evacuation for the residents and resulting in the most storm damage to the island in 44 years . </P> <P> Sanibel and Captiva formed as one island about 6,000 years ago . The first known humans in the area were the Calusa, who arrived about 2,500 years ago . The Calusa were a powerful Indian nation who came to dominate most of Southwest Florida through trade via their elaborate system of canals and waterways . Sanibel remained an important Calusa settlement until the collapse of their empire, soon after the arrival of the Europeans . </P>

Has sanibel island ever been hit by a hurricane