<P> In Summa Theologiae I. II, q. 68, a1, Saint Thomas Aquinas says that four of these gifts (wisdom, understanding, knowledge, and counsel) direct the intellect, while the other three gifts (fortitude, piety, and fear of the Lord) direct the will toward God . </P> <P> In some respects, the gifts are similar to the virtues, but a key distinction is that the virtues operate under the impetus of human reason (prompted by grace), whereas the gifts operate under the impetus of the Holy Spirit; the former can be used when one wishes, but the latter, according to Aquinas, operate only when the Holy Spirit wishes . In the case of Fortitude, the gift has, in Latin and English, the same name as the virtue which it is related, to but from which it must be distinguished . </P> <P> In Summa Theologiae II. II, Thomas Aquinas asserts the following correspondences between the seven Capital Virtues and the seven Gifts of the Holy Spirit: </P> <Dl> <Dd> <Ul> <Li> The gift of wisdom corresponds to the virtue of charity . </Li> <Li> The gifts of understanding and knowledge correspond to the virtue of faith . </Li> <Li> The gift of counsel (right judgment) corresponds to the virtue of prudence . </Li> <Li> The gift of fortitude corresponds to the virtue of courage . </Li> <Li> The gift of fear of the Lord corresponds to the virtue of hope . </Li> <Li> The gift of Reverence corresponds to the virtue of justice . </Li> </Ul> </Dd> </Dl>

Who gives the gift of the holy spirit