<P> In both rugby league and rugby union, if the referee believes that a try has been prevented by the defending team's misconduct, he may award the attacking team a penalty try . Penalty tries are always awarded under the posts regardless of where the offence took place . In rugby union, the standard applied by the referee is that a try "probably" would have been scored . The referee does not have to be certain a try would have been scored . In rugby league, the referee "may award a penalty try if, in his opinion, a try would have been scored but for the unfair play of the defending team". </P> <P> In rugby league, an 8 - point try is awarded if the defending team commits an act of foul play as the ball is being grounded . The try is awarded, and is followed by a conversion attempt, in - line from where the try was scored, and then a penalty kick from in front of the posts . In rugby union, foul play after a try being scored results in a penalty being awarded on the half way mark, in lieu of a kick off . </P> <P> In both codes, when a try is scored, the scoring team gets to attempt a conversion, which is a kick at goal to convert the try from one set of points into another larger set of points . The kick is taken at any point on the field of play in line with the point that the ball was grounded for the try, and parallel to the touch - lines . If successful, additional points are scored . For the conversion to be successful, the ball must pass over the crossbar and between the uprights . In both codes, the conversion may be attempted as either a place kick (from the ground) or a drop kick . Most players will nevertheless opt for a place kick, this being generally regarded as the easier skill . Note, however, that in both rugby sevens (usually, but not always, played under union rules) and rugby league nines, conversions may only take place as drop kicks . In rugby league, the game clock continues during preparation and execution of a conversion, with the institution of a 25 - second shot clock at certain tournaments from the moment the try is awarded by the referee, within which time the conversion kick must be taken, hence a team may decline a conversion attempt if recommencing play as quickly as possible is advantageous to them . </P> <P> To make the conversion easier, attacking players will try to ground the ball as close to the centre of the in - goal area as possible . The attacking player will, however, ground the ball when confronted by a defender rather than risk losing the ball by being tackled or passing it to a teammate . </P>

Where do you take a conversion from in rugby
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