<Ul> <Li> The Roman tuba was a long, straight bronze trumpet with a detachable, conical mouthpiece like that of the modern French horn . Extant examples are about 1.3 metres long, and have a cylindrical bore from the mouthpiece to the point where the bell flares abruptly, similar to the modern straight trumpet seen in presentations of' period music' . Since there were no valves, the tuba was capable only of a single overtone series that would probably sound familiar to the modern ear, given the limitations of musical acoustics for instruments of this construction . In the military, it was used for "bugle calls". The tuba is also depicted in art such as mosaics accompanying games (ludi) and spectacle events . </Li> <Li> The cornu (Latin "horn") was a long tubular metal wind instrument that curved around the musician's body, shaped rather like an uppercase G. It had a conical bore (again like a French horn) and a conical mouthpiece . It may be hard to distinguish from the buccina . The cornu was used for military signals and on parade . The cornicen was a military signal officer who translated orders into calls . Like the tuba, the cornu also appears as accompaniment for public events and spectacle entertainments . </Li> <Li> The tibia (Greek aulos - αὐλός), usually double, had two double - reed (as in a modern oboe) pipes, not joined but generally played with a mouth - band capistrum (Greek phorbeiá - φορβεία) to hold both pipes steadily between the player's lips . Modern changes indicate that they produced a low, clarinet - like sound . There is some confusion about the exact nature of the instrument; alternate descriptions indicate each pipe having a single reed (like a modern clarinet) instead of a double reed . </Li> <Li> The askaules--a bagpipe . </Li> <Li> Versions of the modern flute and panpipes . </Li> </Ul> <Li> The Roman tuba was a long, straight bronze trumpet with a detachable, conical mouthpiece like that of the modern French horn . Extant examples are about 1.3 metres long, and have a cylindrical bore from the mouthpiece to the point where the bell flares abruptly, similar to the modern straight trumpet seen in presentations of' period music' . Since there were no valves, the tuba was capable only of a single overtone series that would probably sound familiar to the modern ear, given the limitations of musical acoustics for instruments of this construction . In the military, it was used for "bugle calls". The tuba is also depicted in art such as mosaics accompanying games (ludi) and spectacle events . </Li> <Li> The cornu (Latin "horn") was a long tubular metal wind instrument that curved around the musician's body, shaped rather like an uppercase G. It had a conical bore (again like a French horn) and a conical mouthpiece . It may be hard to distinguish from the buccina . The cornu was used for military signals and on parade . The cornicen was a military signal officer who translated orders into calls . Like the tuba, the cornu also appears as accompaniment for public events and spectacle entertainments . </Li> <Li> The tibia (Greek aulos - αὐλός), usually double, had two double - reed (as in a modern oboe) pipes, not joined but generally played with a mouth - band capistrum (Greek phorbeiá - φορβεία) to hold both pipes steadily between the player's lips . Modern changes indicate that they produced a low, clarinet - like sound . There is some confusion about the exact nature of the instrument; alternate descriptions indicate each pipe having a single reed (like a modern clarinet) instead of a double reed . </Li>

As part of the ancient roman army the cornicen sounded signals on