<Table> <Tr> <Th_colspan="2"> Brown v. Board of Education </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan="2"> Supreme Court of the United States </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th_colspan="2"> Argued December 9, 1952 Reargued December 8, 1953 Decided May 17, 1954 </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Full case name </Th> <Td> Oliver Brown, et al. v. Board of Education of Topeka, et al . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Citations </Th> <Td> 347 U.S. 483 (more) 74 S. Ct. 686; 98 L. Ed . 873; 1954 U.S. LEXIS 2094; 53 Ohio Op. 326; 38 A.L.R. 2d 1180 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Prior history </Th> <Td> Judgment for defendants, 98 F. Supp. 797 (D. Kan . 1951) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Subsequent history </Th> <Td> Judgment on relief, 349 U.S. 294 (1955) (Brown II); on remand, 139 F. Supp. 468 (D. Kan . 1955); motion to intervene granted, 84 F.R.D. 383 (D. Kan . 1979); judgment for defendants, 671 F. Supp. 1290 (D. Kan . 1987); reversed, 892 F. 2d 851 (10th Cir. 1989); vacated, 503 U.S. 978 (1992) (Brown III); judgment reinstated, 978 F. 2d 585 (10th Cir. 1992); judgment for defendants, 56 F. Supp . 2d 1212 (D. Kan . 1999) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th_colspan="2"> Holding </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan="2"> Segregation of students in public schools violates the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment, because separate facilities are inherently unequal . District Court of Kansas reversed . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th_colspan="2"> Court membership </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan="2"> <Dl> <Dt> Chief Justice </Dt> <Dd> Earl Warren </Dd> <Dt> Associate Justices </Dt> <Dd> Hugo Black Stanley F. Reed Felix Frankfurter William O. Douglas Robert H. Jackson Harold H. Burton Tom C. Clark Sherman Minton </Dd> </Dl> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th_colspan="2"> Case opinions </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Majority </Th> <Td> Warren, joined by unanimous </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th_colspan="2"> Laws applied </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan="2"> U.S. Const . amend . XIV </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan="2"> This case overturned a previous ruling or rulings </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan="2"> Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) Cumming v. Richmond County Board of Education (1899) Berea College v. Kentucky (1908) </Td> </Tr> </Table> <Tr> <Th_colspan="2"> Brown v. Board of Education </Th> </Tr>

Who was the defendant in the landmark case that ended segregation in the public schools