<Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <P> The Supreme Court of India is the highest judicial forum and final court of appeal under the Constitution of India, the highest constitutional court, with the power of constitutional review . Consisting of the Chief Justice of India and 30 sanctioned other judges, it has extensive powers in the form of original, appellate and advisory jurisdictions . </P> <P> As the final court of appeal of the country, it takes up appeals primarily against verdicts of the High Courts of various states of the Union and other courts and tribunals . It safeguards fundamental rights of citizens and settles disputes between various governments in the country . As an advisory court, it hears matters which may specifically be referred to it under the Constitution by the President of India . It also may take cognisance of matters on its own (or' suo moto'), without anyone drawing its attention to them . The law declared by the Supreme Court becomes binding on all courts within India and also by the union and state governments . Per Article 142, it is the duty of President to enforce the decrees of Supreme Court . </P> <P> In 1861 the Indian High Courts Act 1861 was enacted to create High Courts for various provinces and abolished Supreme Courts at Calcutta, Madras and Bombay and also the Sadar Adalats in Presidency towns which had acted as the highest court in their respective regions . These new High Courts had the distinction of being the highest Courts for all cases till the creation of Federal Court of India under the Government of India Act 1935 . The Federal Court had jurisdiction to solve disputes between provinces and federal states and hear appeal against judgements of the High Courts . The first CJI of India was Shri . H.J. Kania . </P>

Describe power and function of the supreme court of india
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