<P> The war ended the very heavy death toll, which saw 615,000 of Serbia's 707,000 soldiers killed, along with 600,000 civilian dead . The death toll in Montenegro was also high . Serbia achieved its political goals by forming the new Kingdom of the Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes (later Yugoslavia) in 1918 . It proved more difficult to create the new - model "Yugoslav" as an exemplar of a united nation containing diverse ethnicities, languages and religions . For example, Montenegro was included but, fearful of losing its own cultural traditions, there was a revolt there that the Serbian army crushed . </P> <P> Bulgaria, a poor rural nation of 4.5 million people, sought to acquire Macedonia, but when it tried it suffered defeat in 1913 in the Second Balkan War . In the Great War Bulgaria at first stayed neutral . However its leaders still hoped to acquire Macedonia, which was controlled by an Ally, Serbia . In 1915, joining the Central Powers seemed the best route . Bulgaria mobilized a very large army of 800,000 men, using equipment supplied by Germany . The Bulgarian - German - Austrian invasion of Serbia in 1915 provided a quick victory, but by the end of that year Bulgaria was also fighting the British and French--as well as the Romanians in 1916 and the Greeks in 1917 . Bulgaria was ill - prepared for a long war; the absence of so many soldiers sharply reduced agricultural output . Much of its best food was smuggled out to feed lucrative black - markets elsewhere . By 1918 the soldiers were not only short of basic equipment like boots, but they were being fed mostly corn bread with a little meat . Germany increasingly took control, and Bulgarian relations with its ally the Ottoman Empire soured . The Allied offensive in September 1918 destroyed the remnants of Bulgarian military power and civilian morale . Troops mutinied and peasants revolted, demanding peace . By that month's end Bulgaria signed an armistice, giving up its conquests and its military hardware . The Bulgarian Czar abdicated and Bulgaria's war ended . The Treaty of Neuilly - sur - Seine in 1919 stripped Bulgaria of its conquests, reduced its army to 20,000 men, and demanded reparations of £ 100 million . </P> <P> Greece had been exhausted by the Balkan wars and sought to remain neutral, but its strategic position as the gateway to the Balkans made that impossible . In the National Schism, King Constantine I, a traditionalist who had German ties, battled with his modernizing liberal Prime Minister Eleftherios Venizelos, who was sympathetic to the Allies . Venizélos with Allied support, set up the short - lived Greek "state" of Salonika, from October 1916 to June 1917 . An Allied blockade forced the king to abdicate in June 1917 . Venizélos was now in full control and Greece sided with the Allies and declared war . Greece served as a staging base for large numbers of French, Serbian and other Allied units . By war's end the Greek army numbered 300,000 and had about 5,000 casualties . The schism between modernizers and traditionalists did not heal and for decades was the polarizing factor in Greek politics . </P> <P> The warlord Duan Qirui was the most powerful leader in China . He dissolved the parliament and declared war on Germany and Austria - Hungary on August 13, 1917 . Enemy nationals were detained and their assets seized . Around 175,000 Chinese workers volunteered for well - paid positions in the labor battalions that served the Allies behind the lines in France, and Africa and on supply ships . Some 10,000 died, including over 500 on ships sunk by U-boats . No soldiers were sent overseas . </P>

In what way did the government try to regulate consumption during world war i