<P> This is a list of topics that have, at one point or another in their history, been characterized as pseudoscience by academics or researchers . Discussion about these topics is done on their main pages . These characterizations were made in the context of educating the public about questionable or potentially fraudulent or dangerous claims and practices--efforts to define the nature of science, or humorous parodies of poor scientific reasoning . </P> <P> Criticism of pseudoscience, generally by the scientific community or skeptical organizations, involves critiques of the logical, methodological, or rhetorical bases of the topic in question . Though some of the listed topics continue to be investigated scientifically, others were only subject to scientific research in the past, and today are considered refuted but resurrected in a pseudoscientific fashion . Other ideas presented here are entirely non-scientific, but have in one way or another infringed on scientific domains or practices . </P> <P> Many adherents or practitioners of the topics listed here dispute their characterization as pseudoscience . Each section here summarizes the alleged pseudoscientific aspects of that topic . </P>

What topic do all scientific questions have in common