<P> Zionists launched an intense White House lobby to have the UNSCOP plan endorsed, and the effects were not trivial . The Democratic Party, a large part of whose contributions came from Jews, informed Truman that failure to live up to promises to support the Jews in Palestine would constitute a danger to the party . The defection of Jewish votes in congressional elections in 1946 had contributed to electoral losses . Truman was, according to Roger Cohen, embittered by feelings of being a hostage to the lobby and its' unwarranted interference', which he blamed for the contemporary impasse . When a formal American declaration in favour of partition was given on 11 October, a public relations authority declared to the Zionist Emergency Council in a closed meeting:' under no circumstances should any of us believe or think we had won because of the devotion of the American Government to our cause . We had won because of the sheer pressure of political logistics that was applied by the Jewish leadership in the United States' . State Department advice critical of the controversial UNSCOP recommendation to give the overwhelmingly Arab town of Jaffa, and the Negev, to the Jews was overturned by an urgent and secret late meeting organized for Chaim Weizman with Truman, which immediately countermanded the recommendation . The United States initially refrained from pressuring smaller states to vote either way, but Robert A. Lovett reported that America's U.N. delegation's case suffered impediments from high pressure by Jewish groups, and that indications existed that bribes and threats were being used, even of American sanctions against Liberia and Nicaragua . When the UNSCOP plan failed to achieve the necessary majority on 25 November, the lobby' moved into high gear' and induced the President to overrule the State Department, and let wavering governments know that the U.S. strongly desired partition . </P> <P> Proponents of the Plan reportedly put pressure on nations to vote yes to the Partition Plan . A telegram signed by 26 US senators with influence on foreign aid bills was sent to wavering countries, seeking their support for the partition plan . The US Senate was considering a large aid package at the time, including 60 million dollars to China . Many nations reported pressure directed specifically at them: </P> <Ul> <Li> United States (Vote: For): President Truman later noted, "The facts were that not only were there pressure movements around the United Nations unlike anything that had been seen there before, but that the White House, too, was subjected to a constant barrage . I do not think I ever had as much pressure and propaganda aimed at the White House as I had in this instance . The persistence of a few of the extreme Zionist leaders--actuated by political motives and engaging in political threats--disturbed and annoyed me ." </Li> <Li> India (Vote: Against): Indian Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru spoke with anger and contempt for the way the UN vote had been lined up . He said the Zionists had tried to bribe India with millions and at the same time his sister, Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit, had received daily warnings that her life was in danger unless "she voted right". Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit, Nehru's sister, the Indian ambassador to the UN, occasionally hinted that something might change in favour of the Yishuv . But another Indian delegate, Kavallam Pannikar, said that India would vote for the Arab side, because of their large Moslem minority, although they knew that the Jews had a case . </Li> <Li> Liberia (Vote: For): Liberia's Ambassador to the United States complained that the US delegation threatened aid cuts to several countries . Harvey S. Firestone, Jr., President of Firestone Natural Rubber Company, with major holdings in the country, also pressured the Liberian government </Li> <Li> Philippines (Vote: For): In the days before the vote, the Philippines' representative General Carlos P. Romulo stated "We hold that the issue is primarily moral . The issue is whether the United Nations should accept responsibility for the enforcement of a policy which is clearly repugnant to the valid nationalist aspirations of the people of Palestine . The Philippines Government holds that the United Nations ought not to accept such responsibility". After a phone call from Washington, the representative was recalled and the Philippines' vote changed . </Li> <Li> Haiti (Vote: For): The promise of a five million dollar loan may or may not have secured Haiti's vote for partition . </Li> <Li> France (Vote: For): Shortly before the vote, France's delegate to the United Nations was visited by Bernard Baruch, a long - term Jewish supporter of the Democratic Party who, during the recent world war, had been an economic adviser to President Roosevelt, and had latterly been appointed by President Truman as the United States' ambassador to the newly created UN Atomic Energy Commission . He was, privately, a supporter of the Irgun and its front organization, the American League for a Free Palestine . Baruch implied that a French failure to support the resolution might cause planned American aid to France, which was badly needed for reconstruction, French currency reserves being exhausted and its balance of payments heavily in deficit, not to materialise . Previously, in order to avoid antagonising its Arab colonies, France had not publicly supported the resolution . After considering the danger of American aid being withheld, France finally voted in favour of it . So, too, did France's neighbours, Belgium, Luxembourg and the Netherlands . </Li> <Li> Venezuela (Vote: For): Carlos Eduardo Stolk Chairman of the Delegation of Venezuela voted in favor of the 181 resolution . </Li> <Li> Cuba (Vote: Against): The Cuban delegation stated they would vote against partition "in spite of pressure being brought to bear against us" because they could not be party to coercing the majority in Palestine . </Li> <Li> Siam (Absent): The Siamese delegations credentials were cancelled after its vote against partition in committee on November 25 . </Li> </Ul> <Li> United States (Vote: For): President Truman later noted, "The facts were that not only were there pressure movements around the United Nations unlike anything that had been seen there before, but that the White House, too, was subjected to a constant barrage . I do not think I ever had as much pressure and propaganda aimed at the White House as I had in this instance . The persistence of a few of the extreme Zionist leaders--actuated by political motives and engaging in political threats--disturbed and annoyed me ." </Li>

With the establishment of the state of israel in 1948 about how many native