<P> There are also claims that the Green Revolution has decreased food security for a large number of people . One claim involves the shift of subsistence - oriented cropland to cropland oriented towards production of grain for export or animal feed . For example, the Green Revolution replaced much of the land used for pulses that fed Indian peasants for wheat, which did not make up a large portion of the peasant diet . </P> <P> A main criticism of the effects of the Green Revolution is the rising costs for many small farmers using HYV seeds, with their associated demands of increased irrigation systems and pesticides . A case study is found in India, where farmers are planting cotton seeds capable of producing Bt toxin . A criticism regarding the Green Revolution are the effects regarding the widespread commercialization and market share of organisations, particularly of the phasing out of seed saving practices in favor of purchasing of seeds, and concerns regarding the financial affordability of the adoption of patented crops amongst farmers, particularly of those in the developing world . This can allow larger farms, even foreign owned farming operations, to buy up local smallhold farms . </P> <P> Vandana Shiva notes that this is the "second Green Revolution". The first Green Revolution, she notes, was mostly publicly - funded (by the Indian Government). This new Green Revolution, she says, is driven by private (and foreign) interest--notably MNCs like Monsanto . Ultimately, this is leading to foreign ownership over most of India's farmland . </P> <P> Some criticisms generally involve some variation of the Malthusian principle of population . Such concerns often revolve around the idea that the Green Revolution is unsustainable, and argue that humanity is now in a state of overpopulation or overshoot with regards to the sustainable carrying capacity and ecological demands on the Earth . </P>

How has the green revolution impacted the water table in punjab