<P> The Spanish government offered runaway slaves freedom if they converted to Catholicism and agreed to a term of military service . Under heavy pressure from the U.S., Spain reversed this policy in the later eighteenth century, to little effect . Slaves continued to flee to Florida, where they were sheltered by the Florida natives, called Seminoles by Americans . They lived in a semi-feudal system; the Seminoles gave the blacks protection, while the former slaves, who knew how to farm, shared crops with the natives . Although the escaped slaves were still considered inferior by the Seminoles, the two groups lived in harmony . The slaveholders in Georgia and the rest of the South became furious over this state of affairs as slaves continued to escape to Florida . </P> <P> In 1818, after years of additional conflicts involving natives, fugitive slaves, and settlers, General Andrew Jackson wrote to President James Monroe, who had been inaugurated in March 1817, informing him that he was invading Florida . Jackson's force departed from Tennessee and marched down to the Florida panhandle . Spanish officers surrendered coastal fortifications at Fort San Marcos (also known as Fort St. Marks) in Florida Oriental; and about six weeks later, Fort Barrancas and Pensacola in Florida Occidental . </P> <P> The Adams--Onís Treaty, also known as the Transcontinental Treaty, was signed on February 22, 1819, by John Quincy Adams and Luis de Onís y González - Vara, but did not take effect until after it was ratified by Spain on October 24, 1820, and by the United States on February 19, 1821 . The U.S. received Florida under Article 2 and inherited Spanish claims to the Oregon Territory under Article 3, while ceding all its claims on Texas to Spain under Article 3 (with the independence of Mexico in 1821, Spanish Texas became Mexican territory), and pledged to indemnify up to $5,000,000 in claims by American citizens against Spain under Article 11 . Under Article 15, Spanish goods received exclusive most favorable nation tariff privileges in the ports at Pensacola and St. Augustine for twelve years . </P> <P> In Dorr v. United States (195 U.S. 138, 141--142 (1904)) Justice Marshall is quoted more extensively as follows: </P>

Who did we get the florida territory from
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