<P> There are many distinct types of trumpet, with the most common being pitched in B ♭ (a transposing instrument), having a tubing length of about 1.48 m (4 ft 10 in). Early trumpets did not provide means to change the length of tubing, whereas modern instruments generally have three (or sometimes four) valves in order to change their pitch . Most trumpets have valves of the piston type, while some have the rotary type . The use of rotary - valved trumpets is more common in orchestral settings, although this practice varies by country . Each valve, when engaged, increases the length of tubing, lowering the pitch of the instrument . A musician who plays the trumpet is called a trumpet player or trumpeter . </P> <P> The English word "trumpet" was first used in the late 14th century . The word came from Old French "trompette", which is a diminutive of trompe . The word "trump", meaning "trumpet," was first used in English in 1300 . The word comes from Old French trompe "long, tube - like musical wind instrument" (12c .), cognate with Provençal tromba, Italian tromba, all probably from a Germanic source (compare Old High German trumpa, Old Norse trumba "trumpet"), of imitative origin ." </P> <P> The earliest trumpets date back to 1500 BC and earlier . The bronze and silver trumpets from Tutankhamun's grave in Egypt, bronze lurs from Scandinavia, and metal trumpets from China date back to this period . Trumpets from the Oxus civilization (3rd millennium BC) of Central Asia have decorated swellings in the middle, yet are made out of one sheet of metal, which is considered a technical wonder . </P> <P> The Shofar, made from a ram horn and the Hatzotzeroth, made of metal, are both mentioned in the Bible . They were played in Solomon's Temple around 3000 years ago . They were said to be used to blow down the walls of Jericho . They are still used on certain religious days . The Salpinx was a straight trumpet 62 inches (1,600 mm) long, made of bone or bronze . Salpinx contests were a part of the original Olympic Games . </P>

When was the trumpet invented and by whom
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