<P> The spatial model of voting plots voters and candidates in a multi-dimensional space where each dimension represents a single political issue (or sub-component of an issue). Voters are then modeled as voting for the nearest candidates in this ideological space . The dimensions of this model can also be assigned to non-political properties of the candidates, such as perceived corruption, health, etc . </P> <P> Most of the other spectra in this article can then be considered projections of this multi-dimensional space onto a smaller number of dimensions . For example, a study of German voters found that at least four dimensions were required to adequately represent all political parties . </P> <P> One alternative spectrum offered by the conservative American Federalist Journal accounts for only the "degree of government control" without consideration for any other social or political variable and thus places "fascism" (totalitarianism) at one extreme and "anarchism" (no government at all) at the other extreme . </P> <P> The Vosem Chart, or Vosem Cube, is based on the Nolan Chart and adds a third axis for government, depicted three dimensionally, with eight discrete categories representing eight different political ideologies . Vosem is the Russian word for "eight ." </P>

In the traditional model of the political spectrum a position to the right of the center is a