<P> There were 3,662,374 Adjusted Service Certificates issued, with a combined face value of $3.64 B (2017: $51.8 B). Congress established a trust fund to receive 20 annual payments of $112 million that, with interest, would finance the 1945 disbursement of the $3.638 billion for the veterans . Meanwhile, veterans could borrow up to 22.5% of the certificate's face value from the fund; but in 1931, because of the Great Depression, Congress increased the maximum value of such loans to 50% of the certificate's face value . Although there was congressional support for the immediate redemption of the military service certificates, Hoover and Republican congressmen opposed such action and reasoned that the government would have to increase taxes to cover the costs of the payout and so any potential economic recovery would be slowed . </P> <P> The Veterans of Foreign Wars continued to press the federal government to allow the early redemption of military service certificates . </P> <P> The first march of the unemployed was Coxey's Army in 1894, when armies of men from various regions streamed to Washington as a "living petition" to demand that the federal government create jobs by investing in public infrastructure projects In January 1932, a march of 25,000 unemployed Pennsylvanians, dubbed "Cox's Army", had marched on Washington, D.C., the largest demonstration to date in the nation's capital, setting a precedent for future marches by the unemployed . </P> <P> Most of the Bonus Army camped in a "Hooverville" on the Anacostia Flats, a swampy, muddy area across the Anacostia River from the federal core of Washington, just south of the 11th Street Bridges (now Section C of Anacostia Park). Approximately 10,000 veterans, women and children lived in the shelters in which they built from materials dragged out of a junk pile nearby, which included old lumber, packing boxes and scrap tin covered with roofs of thatched straw . The camps were tightly controlled by the veterans, who laid out streets, built sanitation facilities, and held daily parades . To live in the camps, veterans were required to register and to prove they had been honorably discharged . The Superintendent of the D.C. Police, Pelham D. Glassford, worked with camp leaders to maintain order . </P>

The u.s. army was sent in to move the bonus army from the white house grounds