<P> Some tall cylinders are considered ceremonial vessels, while narrow - necked jars may have been used for liquids . Ware in the southern portion of the region, particularly after 1150 AD, is characterized by heavier black - line decoration and the use of carbon - based colorants . In northern New Mexico, the local "black on white" tradition, the Rio Grande white wares, continued well after 1300 AD . </P> <P> Changes in pottery composition, structure, and decoration are signals of social change in the archaeological record . This is particularly true as the peoples of the American Southwest began to leave their traditional homes and migrate south . According to archaeologists Patricia Crown and Steadman Upham, the appearance of the bright colors on Salada Polychromes in the 14th century may reflect religious or political alliances on a regional level . Late 14th - and 15th - century pottery from central Arizona, widely traded in the region, has colors and designs which may derive from earlier ware by both Ancestral Pueblo and Mogollon peoples . </P> <P> The Ancestral Puebloans also created many petroglyphs and pictographs . The pictograph style with which they are associated is the called the Barrier Canyon Style . This form of pictograph is painted in areas in which the images would be protected from the sun yet visible to a group of people . The figures are sometimes phantom or alien looking . The Holy Ghost panel in the Horseshoe Canyon is considered to be one of the earliest uses of graphical perspective where the largest figure appears to take on a three dimensional representation . </P> <P> The Ancestral Pueblo people crafted a unique architecture with planned community spaces . The ancient population centers such as Chaco Canyon (outside Crownpoint, New Mexico), Mesa Verde (near Cortez, Colorado), and Bandelier National Monument (near Los Alamos, New Mexico) have brought renown to the Ancestral Pueblo peoples . They consisted of apartment - like complexes and structures made from stone, adobe mud, and other local material, or were carved into the sides of canyon walls . Developed within these cultures, the people also adopted design details from other cultures as far away as contemporary Mexico . </P>

Which material was used to make ancestral pueblo adobe homes in cliff walls