<P> National Emergency has been proclaimed 3 times in India till date . It was declared first in 1962 by President Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan, during the Sino - Indian War . This emergency lasted through the Indo - Pakistani War of 1965 and up to 1968 . It was revoked in 1968 . The second emergency in India was proclaimed in 1971 by President V.V. Giri on the eve of the Indo - Pakistani War of 1971 . The first two emergencies were in the face of external aggression and War . They were hence external emergencies . Even as the second emergency was in progress, another internal emergency was proclaimed by President Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed, with Indira Gandhi as Prime Minister in 1975 . In 1977, the second and the third emergencies were together revoked . </P> <P> If the President is fully satisfied, on the basis of the report of the Governor of the concerned state or from other sources that the governance in a state cannot be carried out according to the provisions in the Constitution, he can proclaim under Article 356 a state of emergency in the state . Such an emergency must be approved by the Parliament within a period of 2 months . </P> <P> Under Article 356 of the Indian Constitution, it can be imposed from six months to a maximum period of three years with repeated parliamentary approval every six months . If the emergency needs to be extended for more than three years, this can be achieved by a constitutional amendment, as has happened in Punjab and Jammu and Kashmir . </P> <P> During such an emergency, the President can take over the entire work of the executive, and the Governor administers the state in the name of the President . The Legislative Assembly can be dissolved or may remain in suspended animation . The Parliament makes laws on the 66 subjects of the state list (see National emergency for explanation). </P>

Who do not participate in the election of president of india