<P> The sarcolemma (sarco (from sarx) from Greek; flesh, and lemma from Greek; sheath .) also called the myolemma, is the cell membrane of a striated muscle fiber cell . It consists of a plasma membrane, which is a lipid bilayer, and an outer coat consisting of a thin layer of polysaccharide material (glycocalyx) that contacts the basement membrane, which contains numerous thin collagen fibrils and specialized proteins such as laminin that provide a scaffold for the muscle fiber to adhere to . Through transmembrane proteins residing in the plasma membrane, the actin skeleton inside the cell is connected to the basement membrane and the cell's exterior . At each end of the muscle fiber, the surface layer of the sarcolemma fuses with a tendon fiber, and the tendon fibers in turn collect into bundles to form the muscle tendons that then adhere onto bones . </P> <P> The sarcolemma generally maintains the same function in muscle cells as the plasma membrane does in other eukaryote cells . It acts as a barrier between the extracellular and intracellular compartments, defining the individual muscle fiber from its surroundings . The lipid nature of the membrane allows it to separate the fluids of the intra - and extracellular compartments, since it is only selectively permeable to water through aquaporin channels . As in other cells this allows for the compositions of the compartments to be controlled by selective transport through the membrane . Membrane proteins, such as ion pumps, may create ion gradients with the consumption of ATP, that may later be used to drive transport of other substances through the membrane (Co-transport) or generate electrical impulses such as Action potentials . </P> <P> A special feature of the sarcolemma is that it invaginates into the cytoplasm of the muscle cell, forming membranous tubules radially and longitudinally within the fiber called transverse tubules (T - tubules). On either side of the transverse tubules are Terminal cisterna enlargements of smooth endoplasmic reticulum termed sarcoplasmatic reticulum (SR) in muscle . A transverse tubule surrounded by two SR cisterna are known as triads, and the contact between these structures is located at the junction of the A and I bands . </P>

What is the difference between sarcolemma and sarcoplasmic reticulum
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