<P> Leaving school, young William Taswell stood on Westminster Stairs a mile away and watched as the flames crept round the cathedral and the burning scaffolding ignited the timbered roof beams . Within half an hour, the lead roof was melting, and the books and papers in the crypt caught with a roar . "The stones of Paul's flew like grenados," reported Evelyn in his diary, "the melting lead running down the streets in a stream, and the very pavements glowing with fiery redness, so as no horse, nor man, was able to tread on them ." The cathedral was quickly a ruin . </P> <P> During the day, the flames began to move eastward from the neighbourhood of Pudding Lane, straight against the prevailing east wind and towards Pepys's home on Seething Lane and the Tower of London with its gunpowder stores . The garrison at the Tower took matters into their own hands after waiting all day for requested help from James's official firemen who were busy in the west . They created firebreaks by blowing up houses on a large scale in the vicinity, halting the advance of the fire . In a letter to William Coventry, Pepys wrote that he "saw how horribly the sky looks, all on a fire in the night, was (sic) enough to put us out of our wits; and, indeed, it was extremely dreadful, for it looks just as if it was at us, and the whole heaven on fire ." </P> <P> The wind dropped on Tuesday evening, and the firebreaks created by the garrison finally began to take effect on Wednesday 5 September . Stopping the fire caused much fire and demolition damage in the lawyers' area called the Temple . Pepys walked all over the smouldering city, getting his feet hot, and climbed the steeple of Barking Church, from which he viewed the destroyed City, "the saddest sight of desolation that I ever saw ." There were many separate fires still burning themselves out, but the Great Fire was over . </P> <P> Pepys visited Moorfields, a large public park immediately north of the City, and saw a great encampment of homeless refugees, "poor wretches carrying their good there, and every body keeping his goods together by themselves". He noted that the price of bread had doubled in the environs of the park . Evelyn also went out to Moorfields, which was turning into the main point of assembly for the homeless, and was horrified at the numbers of distressed people filling it, some under tents, others in makeshift shacks: "Many (were) without a rag or any necessary utensils, bed or board...reduced to extremest misery and poverty ." Evelyn was impressed by the pride of these distressed Londoners, "tho' ready to perish for hunger and destitution, yet not asking one pennie for relief ." </P>

What caused the great fire of london to stop
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