<P> More fundamentally, kT is the amount of heat required to increase the thermodynamic entropy of a system, in natural units, by one nat . E / kT therefore represents an amount of entropy per molecule, measured in natural units . </P> <P> In macroscopic scale systems, with large numbers of molecules, RT value is commonly used; its SI units are joules per mole (J / mol): (RT = kT ⋅ N). </P> <P> RT is the product of the molar gas constant, R, and the temperature, T . This product is used in physics as a scaling factor for energy values in macroscopic scale (sometimes it is used as a pseudo-unit of energy), as many processes and phenomena depend not on the energy alone, but on the ratio of energy and RT, i.e. E / RT . The SI units for RT are joules per mole (J / mol). </P> <P> It differs from kT only by a factor of Avogadro's number . Its dimension is energy or (M L T), expressed in SI units as joules (J): </P>

Thermal energy at room temperature kj/mol