<P> Forest management is a branch of forestry concerned with overall administrative, economic, legal, and social aspects, as well as scientific and technical aspects, such as silviculture, protection, and forest regulation . This includes management for aesthetics, fish, recreation, urban values, water, wilderness, wildlife, wood products, forest genetic resources, and other forest resource values . Management can be based on conservation, economics, or a mixture of the two . Techniques include timber extraction, planting and replanting of various species, cutting roads and pathways through forests, and preventing fire . </P> <P> The forest is a natural system that can supply different products and services . The working of this system is influenced by the natural environment: climate, topography, soil, etc., and also by human activity . The actions of humans in forests constitute forest management . In developed societies, this management tends to be elaborate and planned in order to achieve the objectives that are considered desirable . </P> <P> Some forests have been and are managed to obtain traditional forest products such as firewood, fiber for paper, and timber, with little thinking for other products and services . Nevertheless, as a result of the progression of environmental awareness, management of forests for multiple use is becoming more common . </P> <P> There has been increased public awareness of natural resource policy, including forest management . Public concern regarding forest management may have shifted from the extraction of timber for earning money for the economy, to the preservation of additional forest resources, including wildlife and old growth forest, protecting biodiversity, watershed management, and recreation . Increased environmental awareness may contribute to an increased public mistrust of forest management professionals . But it can also lead to greater understanding about what professionals do re forests for nature conservation and ecological services . The importance of taking care of the forests for ecological as well as economical sustainable reasons has been shown in the TV show Ax Men . </P>

What are the two principals on which us forests are managed