<Li> Apraxia of speech may result from stroke or progressive illness, and involves inconsistent production of speech sounds and rearranging of sounds in a word ("potato" may become "topato" and next "totapo"). Production of words becomes more difficult with effort, but common phrases may sometimes be spoken spontaneously without effort . </Li> <Li> Cluttering, a speech and fluency disorder characterized primarily by a rapid rate of speech, which makes speech difficult to understand . </Li> <Li> Developmental verbal dyspraxia also known as childhood apraxia of speech . </Li> <Li> Dysarthria is a weakness or paralysis of speech muscles caused by damage to the nerves or brain . Dysarthria is often caused by strokes, Parkinson's disease, ALS, head or neck injuries, surgical accident, or cerebral palsy . </Li>

7. a language impairment that is not related to any physical or intellectual disability is a