<P> Such a collection of useful, related resources, interconnected via hypertext links is dubbed a web of information . Publication on the Internet created what Tim Berners - Lee first called the WorldWideWeb (in its original CamelCase, which was subsequently discarded) in November 1990 . </P> <P> The hyperlink structure of the WWW is described by the webgraph: the nodes of the web graph correspond to the web pages (or URLs) the directed edges between them to the hyperlinks . Over time, many web resources pointed to by hyperlinks disappear, relocate, or are replaced with different content . This makes hyperlinks obsolete, a phenomenon referred to in some circles as link rot, and the hyperlinks affected by it are often called dead links . The ephemeral nature of the Web has prompted many efforts to archive web sites . The Internet Archive, active since 1996, is the best known of such efforts . </P> <P> JavaScript is a scripting language that was initially developed in 1995 by Brendan Eich, then of Netscape, for use within web pages . The standardised version is ECMAScript . To make web pages more interactive, some web applications also use JavaScript techniques such as Ajax (asynchronous JavaScript and XML). Client - side script is delivered with the page that can make additional HTTP requests to the server, either in response to user actions such as mouse movements or clicks, or based on elapsed time . The server's responses are used to modify the current page rather than creating a new page with each response, so the server needs only to provide limited, incremental information . Multiple Ajax requests can be handled at the same time, and users can interact with the page while data is retrieved . Web pages may also regularly poll the server to check whether new information is available . </P> <P> Many hostnames used for the World Wide Web begin with www because of the long - standing practice of naming Internet hosts according to the services they provide . The hostname of a web server is often www, in the same way that it may be ftp for an FTP server, and news or nntp for a USENET news server . These host names appear as Domain Name System (DNS) or subdomain names, as in www.example.com . The use of www is not required by any technical or policy standard and many web sites do not use it; the first web server was nxoc01.cern.ch . According to Paolo Palazzi, who worked at CERN along with Tim Berners - Lee, the popular use of www as subdomain was accidental; the World Wide Web project page was intended to be published at www.cern.ch while info.cern.ch was intended to be the CERN home page, however the DNS records were never switched, and the practice of prepending www to an institution's website domain name was subsequently copied . Many established websites still use the prefix, or they employ other subdomain names such as www2, secure or en for special purposes . Many such web servers are set up so that both the main domain name (e.g., example.com) and the www subdomain (e.g., www.example.com) refer to the same site; others require one form or the other, or they may map to different web sites . The use of a subdomain name is useful for load balancing incoming web traffic by creating a CNAME record that points to a cluster of web servers . Since, currently, only a subdomain can be used in a CNAME, the same result cannot be achieved by using the bare domain root . </P>

What are the internet and the world wide web