<P> In 1608, Sir Edward Coke, in his capacity as Lord Chief Justice, offered a ruling in Calvin's Case that went beyond the issue at hand: whether a Scotsman could seek justice at an English Court . Coke distinguished between aliens from nations at war with England and friendly aliens, those from nations in league with England . Friendly aliens could have recourse to English courts . But he also ruled that with "all infidels" (i.e. those from non-Christian nations), there could be no peace, and a state of perpetual hostility would exist between them and Christians . </P> <P> In 1609, the company issued instructions to settlers to kidnap Native American children so as to educate them with English values and religion . These instructions also sanctioned attacking the Iniocasoockes, the cultural leaders of the local Powhatans . Only after Thomas West, 3rd Baron De La Warr arrived in 1610, was the Company able to commence a war against the Powhatan with the First Anglo - Powhatan War . De La Warr was replaced by Sir Thomas Dale, who continued the war . It was during this period that Pocahontas married John Rolfe . </P> <P> The military offensive was accompanied by a propaganda war: Alderman Robert Johnson published Nova Britannia, in 1609, which compared Native Americans to wild animals--"heardes of deere in a forest". While it did portray the Powhatan as peace - loving, it threatened to deal with any who resisted conversion to Anglicanism as enemies of their country . (Johnson was the son - in - law of Sir Thomas Smythe, treasurer of the Company in London and leader of its "court" faction .) </P> <P> The Company began to turn a profit after 1612, when planting a couple of new varieties of tobacco yielded a product that appealed more to English tastes than the native tobacco . Tobacco became the commodity crop of the colony, and settlers were urged to cultivate more . The colony struggled with labor shortages as mortality was high . </P>

Who wrote the charters of the virginia company of london