<P> In Malaysia, Chief Secretary to the Government is the Malaysian secretary of state . </P> <P> However, every state in Malaysia have their own Secretary of State, except federal territories . Secretary of State is the member of the State Executive Council, appointed by the Governor (in Malacca, Penang, Sabah and Sarawak) or the Sultan (except in Negeri Sembilan, appointed by the Yang DiPertuan Besar; and Perlis, appointed by the King .) The Secretary of State is the head of the public service in his / her state . </P> <P> Following the Portuguese model, in the Government of Timor - Leste, a Secretary of State (Sekretáriu Estadu in Tetum, Secretário de Estado in Portuguese) is a junior minister, subordinate to a cabinet minister . Despite being members of the Government, the Secretaries of State usually do not participate in the Council of Ministers, unless they are specially summoned for and, in this case, without right to vote . </P> <P> As in France, a Secretary of State in Belgium is a junior minister who is responsible to a minister or the Prime Minister . For example, Vincent Van Quickenborne was a Secretary of State charged with the simplification of the administration, and in this role he was accountable to the Prime Minister . Secretaries of state do not fall under the constitutional provision that there should be an equal number of French and Dutch - speaking ministers (with the possible exception of the Prime Minister). See Current list of Secretary of States for Belgian Federal Government . </P>

Who appoints the secretary of state and members of the state bureaucracy