<P> The Calcutta High Court ruled in 2003 that Job Charnock, the Englishman generally believed to be the founder of the Calcutta, is not the founder of the city and that hence Kolkata has no birthday . According to the Court, the city has its genesis in the Maurya and Gupta period and it was an established trading post long before the Slave Dynasty of the Delhi Sultanate, the Mughals, the Portuguese, the French or the British established a modern township there . </P> <P> The British East India Company chose the place for a trade settlement . In 1698, the East India Company bought three villages (Sutanuti, Kalikata and Gobindapur) from a local landlord family of Sabarna Roy Choudhury . The next year, the company began developing the city as a Presidency City . In 1727, on the order of King George I, a civil court was set up in the city . The Calcutta Municipal corporation (now renamed Kolkata Municipal Corporation) was formed and the city had its first mayor . </P> <P> The three villages, in particular Kalikata, where Calcutta is located, came into the possession of the British East India Company in 1690 and some scholars like to date its beginnings as a major city from the construction of Fort William by the British in 1698, though this is debated (see the court ruling in "Name and origins" above). From 1772 to 1911, Calcutta was the capital of British India . From 1912 to India's Independence in 1947, it was the capital of all of Bengal . After Independence, Calcutta remained the capital of the Indian state of West Bengal . </P> <P> When the Seven Years' War broke out, owing to their constant rivalry with the French, and the fall of Madras to the forces of Dupleix, early in 1756 the British authorities in Calcutta began repairs to the fortifications of old Fort William, which were extremely decayed . This irritated the new Nawab of Bengal, Siraj Ud Daulah, who viewed it as a threat to his sovereignty . Enraged still further when the British granted asylum to one Krishnaballav, who had embezzled money from the dewani of Dhaka, Siraj ud - Daula first attacked and captured Cossimbazar (taking as hostage William Watts and Begum Johnson), and then Calcutta, which fell after a short siege on 20 June 1756, during which the governor and many other officials escaped down the Hooghly River, leaving the remainder of the garrison and the Eurasian population of Calcutta to their fate . </P>

When was calcutta made the capital of india