<P> All white blood cells are nucleated, which distinguishes them from the anucleated red blood cells and platelets . Types of leukocytes can be classified in standard ways . Two pairs of broadest categories classify them either by structure (granulocytes or agranulocytes) or by cell lineage (myeloid cells or lymphoid cells). These broadest categories can be further divided into the five main types: neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, lymphocytes, and monocytes . These types are distinguished by their physical and functional characteristics . Monocytes and neutrophils are phagocytic . Further subtypes can be classified . </P> <P> Granulocytes are distinguished from agranulocytes by their nucleus shape (lobed versus round, that is, polymorphonuclear versus mononuclear) and by their cytoplasm granules (present or absent, or more precisely, visible on light microscopy or not thus visible). The other dichotomy is by lineage: Myeloid cells (neutrophils, monocytes, eosinophils and basophils) are distinguished from lymphoid cells (lymphocytes) by hematopoietic lineage (cellular differentiation lineage). Lymphocytes can be further classified as T cells, B cells, and natural killer cells . </P> <Table> <Tr> <Th> Type </Th> <Th> Appearance (micrograph) </Th> <Th> Appearance (illustration) </Th> <Th> Approx .% in adults </Th> <Th> Diameter (μm) </Th> <Th> Main targets </Th> <Th> Nucleus </Th> <Th> Granules </Th> <Th> Lifetime </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Neutrophil </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 62% </Td> <Td> 10--12 </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Bacteria </Li> <Li> Fungi </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> Multilobed </Td> <Td> Fine, faintly pink (H&E stain) </Td> <Td> 6 hours--few days (days in spleen and other tissue) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Eosinophil </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 2.3% </Td> <Td> 10--12 </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Larger parasites </Li> <Li> Modulate allergic inflammatory responses </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> Bi-lobed </Td> <Td> Full of pink - orange (H&E stain) </Td> <Td> 8--12 days (circulate for 4--5 hours) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Basophil </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 0.4% </Td> <Td> 12--15 </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Release histamine for inflammatory responses </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> Bi-lobed or tri-lobed </Td> <Td> Large blue </Td> <Td> A few hours to a few days </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Lymphocyte </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 30% </Td> <Td> Small lymphocytes 7--8 Large lymphocytes 12--15 </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> B cells: releases antibodies and assists activation of T cells </Li> <Li> T cells: <Ul> <Li> CD4 + Th (T helper) cells: activate and regulate T and B cells </Li> <Li> CD8 + cytotoxic T cells: virus - infected and tumor cells . </Li> <Li> γδ T cells: bridge between innate and adaptive immune responses; phagocytosis </Li> <Li> Regulatory (suppressor) T cells: Returns the functioning of the immune system to normal operation after infection; prevents autoimmunity </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> Natural killer cells: virus - infected and tumor cells . </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> Deeply staining, eccentric </Td> <Td> NK - cells and cytotoxic (CD8+) T - cells </Td> <Td> Years for memory cells, weeks for all else . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Monocyte </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 5.3% </Td> <Td> 15--30 </Td> <Td> Monocytes migrate from the bloodstream to other tissues and differentiate into tissue resident macrophages, Kupffer cells in the liver . </Td> <Td> Kidney shaped </Td> <Td> None </Td> <Td> Hours to days </Td> </Tr> </Table> <Tr> <Th> Type </Th> <Th> Appearance (micrograph) </Th> <Th> Appearance (illustration) </Th> <Th> Approx .% in adults </Th> <Th> Diameter (μm) </Th> <Th> Main targets </Th> <Th> Nucleus </Th> <Th> Granules </Th> <Th> Lifetime </Th> </Tr>

List the 5 types of white blood cells and their functions
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