<P> His early work is influenced by Expressionism . Examples include Der Anfang (The Beginning) (1917) and Der König (The King) (1920). Later, he turned to a naturalist philosophy in plays such as Wechsler und Händler (Money changers and Traders) (1923) and Thomas Paine (1927). </P> <P> Bertolt Brecht's first play Baal was written in response to Johst's play Der Einsame (The Lonely), a dramatization of the life of playwright Christian Dietrich Grabbe . In 1928 Johst joined Alfred Rosenberg's "Kampfbund für deutsche Kultur" (Militant League for German Culture) designed to combat "Jewish" influence in German culture . In 1932 he joined the Nazi party, explaining his agreement with Hitler's ideology in the essay "Standpunkt und Fortschritt" (Standpoint and Progress) in 1933 . </P> <P> When the Nazis achieved power in 1933, Johst wrote the play Schlageter, an expression of Nazi ideology which was performed on Hitler's 44th birthday, 20 April 1933, to celebrate his victory . It was a heroic biography of the proto - Nazi martyr Albert Leo Schlageter . The famous line "When I hear the word culture, I reach for my gun", often associated with Nazi leaders, derives from this play . The actual line in the play is, however, slightly different: "Wenn ich Kultur höre...entsichere ich meine Browning!" "When I hear' Culture'...I release the safety catch on my Browning!" (Act 1, Scene 1). It is spoken by another character in conversation with the young Schlageter . In the scene Schlageter and his wartime comrade Friedrich Thiemann are studying for a college examination, but then start debating whether it is worthwhile doing so when the nation is not free . Thiemann argues that he would prefer to fight rather than study . </P> <P> SCHLAGETER: Good old Fritz! (Laughing .) No paradise will entice you out of your barbed wire entanglement! </P>

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