<P> Such titles used by heads of state and / or government during the Second World War include: </P> <Ul> <Li> Führer ("leader" or "guide") Adolf Hitler, from 1933 to 1945 dictator of Germany (formally "Führer and Reich Chancellor"). </Li> <Li> Vozhd ("leader") Joseph Stalin, dictator of Soviet Union has also been referred to as Father of Nations, "Great Leader", "General Secretary", "Generalisimus", "The Man of Steel", "Brilliant Genius of Humanity", "Great Architect of Communism", "Gardener of Human Happiness", "Dear Father". </Li> <Li> Duce (from Latin dux meaning "guide") Benito Mussolini, from 1925 to 1943 dictator of Italy (formally "Head of Government"). </Li> <Li> Vodca ("Leader") monsignor Jozef Tiso, from 1942 self - styled, in Slovakia, President 1939--1945 (acting to 26 October 1939). </Li> <Li> Conducător ("leader"), a title used by Ion Antonescu and Nicolae Ceaușescu in Romania . </Li> <Li> "Maršal" (Serbian for "general" or "leader") - referred to Josip Broz Tito, dictator of the Yugoslavia </Li> <Li> El Caudillo de España ("the Chieftain of Spain") Generalísimo Francisco Franco Bahamonde, Jefe de Estado (Chief of State) and "Chief of Government" (Prime Minister). He adopted this title for himself and came to power after winning the Spanish civil war . During World War II he maintained the neutrality of Spain . In fact the titles of Franco and Salazar (in Portugal) were used officially and rather than personally (cf: "mein führer" or "mio duce" my fuhrer and my duce). It is alleged that it was often used as a protocolary title; preceded with By the Grace of God it would indicate that the Spanish People had been luckily spared from the Soviet invasion . </Li> <Li> Naczelnik Państwa (Chief of State) Józef Piłsudski, dictator of Poland from 1926 to 1935 . </Li> <Li> Poglavnik Nezavisne Države Hrvatske ("Chief of the Independent State of Croatia") Ante Pavelić, in power in Croatia 10 April 1941--6 May 1945 . </Li> <Li> Vidkun Quisling, Fører ("leader", "guide"), (formally Minister - president), premier of the Nazi puppet government in Norway, and after Reichskommissar Josef Terboven the highest official in occupied Norway, reporting directly to Adolf Hitler . </Li> <Li> Leider ("leader"), a title used by Anton Mussert, the leader of Nationaal - Socialistische Beweging (National Socialist Movement) in the Netherlands . Though styled "leader" under the German occupation, he was not a real dictator as he had little actual power . In fact Arthur Seyss - Inquart was in charge of the Netherlands on behalf of the Nazi regime . </Li> <Li> Nemzetvezető ("leader of the nation"), a title used by Ferenc Szálasi, the chief of the Nyilaskeresztes Párt (Arrow Cross Party) who succeeded Miklós Horthy in Hungary . </Li> <Li> Arhigos ("chief" or "leader"), a title used by General Ioannis Metaxas of Greece's 4th of August Regime . </Li> <Li> Adipati ("chief of state" or "generalissimo"), the title used by Ba Maw of the Japanese satellite State of Burma </Li> <Li> Udhëheqësi (i partisë dhe i popullit) ynë i madh, Our great guide (of the party and of the people), the most common title used by Albanian communist dictator Enver Hoxha . </Li> <Li> Or even simply President as did for example, Getúlio Vargas of Brazil, from 1930 to 1945 as well as the generals during the 1964--1985 regime . </Li> </Ul> <Li> Führer ("leader" or "guide") Adolf Hitler, from 1933 to 1945 dictator of Germany (formally "Führer and Reich Chancellor"). </Li> <Li> Vozhd ("leader") Joseph Stalin, dictator of Soviet Union has also been referred to as Father of Nations, "Great Leader", "General Secretary", "Generalisimus", "The Man of Steel", "Brilliant Genius of Humanity", "Great Architect of Communism", "Gardener of Human Happiness", "Dear Father". </Li>

The title fuehrer was applied to which famous dictator