<P> Article 6 of the Covenant recognises the individual's "inherent right to life" and requires it to be protected by law . It is a "supreme right" from which no derogation can be permitted, and must be interpreted widely . It therefore requires parties to take positive measures to reduce infant mortality and increase life expectancy, as well as forbidding arbitrary killings by security forces . </P> <P> While Article 6 does not prohibit the death penalty, it restricts its application to the "most serious crimes" and forbids it to be used on children and pregnant women or in a manner contrary to the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide . The UN Human Rights Committee interprets the Article as "strongly suggest (ing) that abolition is desirable", and regards any progress towards abolition of the death penalty as advancing this right . The Second Optional Protocol commits its signatories to the abolition of the death penalty within their borders . </P> <P> Article 7 prohibits torture and cruel, inhuman or degrading punishment . As with Article 6, it cannot be derogated from under any circumstances . The article is now interpreted to impose similar obligations to those required by the United Nations Convention Against Torture, including not just prohibition of torture, but active measures to prevent its use and a prohibition on refoulement . In response to Nazi human experimentation during WW2 this article explicitly includes a prohibition on medical and scientific experimentation without consent . </P> <P> Article 8 prohibits slavery and enforced servitude in all situations . The article also prohibits forced labour, with exceptions for criminal punishment, military service and civil obligations . </P>

Article 7 of the international covenant on civil and political rights
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