<Tr> <Td> Magnesium </Td> <Td> 0.1292 </Td> <Td> Carbon </Td> <Td> 0.0028 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Vanadium </Td> <Td> 1.5 × 10--3.3 × 10 </Td> </Tr> <P> Seawater contains more dissolved ions than all types of freshwater . However, the ratios of solutes differ dramatically . For instance, although seawater contains about 2.8 times more bicarbonate than river water based on molarity, the percentage of bicarbonate in seawater as a ratio of all dissolved ions is far lower than in river water . Bicarbonate ions also constitute 48% of river water solutes but only 0.14% of all seawater ions . Differences like these are due to the varying residence times of seawater solutes; sodium and chloride have very long residence times, while calcium (vital for carbonate formation) tends to precipitate much more quickly . The most abundant dissolved ions in seawater are sodium, chloride, magnesium, sulfate and calcium . Its osmolarity is about 1000 mOsm / l . </P> <P> Small amounts of other substances are found, including amino acids at concentrations of up to 2 micrograms of nitrogen atoms per liter, which are thought to have played a key role in the origin of life . </P>

The most abundant dissolved salt in ocean water is
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