<P> On 8 January 1918, United States President Woodrow Wilson issued a statement that became known as the Fourteen Points . This speech outlined a policy of free trade, open agreements, democracy, and self - determination . It also called for a diplomatic end to the war, international disarmament, the withdrawal of the Central Powers from occupied territories, the creation of a Polish state, the redrawing of Europe's borders along ethnic lines, and the formation of a League of Nations to guarantee the political independence and territorial integrity of all states . Wilson's speech also responded to Vladimir Lenin's Decree on Peace of November 1917, which proposed an immediate withdrawal of Russia from the war and called for a just and democratic peace uncompromised by territorial annexations . The Fourteen Points were based on the research of the Inquiry, a team of about 150 advisors led by foreign - policy advisor Edward M. House, into the topics likely to arise in the anticipated peace conference . </P> <P> After the Central Powers launched Operation Faustschlag on the Eastern Front, the new Soviet Government of Russia signed the Treaty of Brest - Litovsk with Germany on 3 March 1918 . This treaty ended the war between Russia and the Central powers and annexed 1,300,000 square miles (3,400,000 km) of territory and 62 million people . This loss equated to a third of the Russian population, a quarter of its territory, around a third of the country's arable land, three - quarters of its coal and iron, a third of its factories (totalling 54 percent of the nation's industrial capacity), and a quarter of its railroads . </P> <P> During the autumn of 1918, the Central Powers began to collapse . Desertion rates within the German army began to increase, and civilian strikes drastically reduced war production . On the Western Front, the Allied forces launched the Hundred Days Offensive and decisively defeated the German western armies . Sailors of the Imperial German Navy at Kiel mutinied, which prompted uprisings in Germany, which became known as the German Revolution . The German government tried to obtain a peace settlement based on the Fourteen Points, and maintained it was on this basis that they surrendered . Following negotiations, the Allied powers and Germany signed an armistice, which came into effect on 11 November while German forces were still positioned in France and Belgium . </P> <P> The terms of the armistice called for an immediate evacuation of German troops from occupied Belgium, France, and Luxembourg within fifteen days . In addition, it established that Allied forces would occupy the Rhineland . In late 1918, Allied troops entered Germany and began the occupation . </P>

Who was the treaty of versailles created by