<P> The magnetopause is the area of the magnetosphere wherein the pressure from the planetary magnetic field is balanced with the pressure from the solar wind . It is the convergence of the shocked solar wind from the magnetosheath with the magnetic field of the object and plasma from the magnetosphere . Because both sides of this convergence contain magnetized plasma, the interactions between them are complex . The structure of the magnetopause depends upon the Mach number and beta of the plasma, as well as the magnetic field . The magnetopause changes size and shape as the pressure from the solar wind fluctuates . </P> <P> Opposite the compressed magnetic field is the magnetotail, where the magnetosphere extends far beyond the astronomical object . It contains two lobes, referred to as the northern and southern tail lobes . Magnetic field lines in the northern tail lobe point towards the object while those in the southern tail lobe point away . The tail lobes are almost empty, with few charged particles opposing the flow of the solar wind . The two lobes are separated by a plasma sheet, an area where the magnetic field is weaker, and the density of charged particles is higher . </P> <P> Over Earth's equator, the magnetic field lines become almost horizontal, then return to reconnect at high latitudes . However, at high altitudes, the magnetic field is significantly distorted by the solar wind and its solar magnetic field . On the dayside of Earth, the magnetic field is significantly compressed by the solar wind to a distance of approximately 65,000 kilometers (40,000 mi). Earth's bow shock is about 17 kilometers (11 mi) thick and located about 90,000 kilometers (56,000 mi) from Earth . The magnetopause exists at a distance of several hundred kilometers above Earth's surface . Earth's magnetopause has been compared to a sieve because it allows solar wind particles to enter . Kelvin--Helmholtz instabilities occur when large swirls of plasma travel along the edge of the magnetosphere at a different velocity from the magnetosphere, causing the plasma to slip past . This results in magnetic reconnection, and as the magnetic field lines break and reconnect, solar wind particles are able to enter the magnetosphere . On Earth's nightside, the magnetic field extends in the magnetotail, which lengthwise exceeds 6,300,000 kilometers (3,900,000 mi). Earth's magnetotail is the primary source of the polar aurora . Also, NASA scientists have suggested that Earth's magnetotail might cause "dust storms" on the Moon by creating a potential difference between the day side and the night side . </P> <P> The magnetosphere of Jupiter is the largest planetary magnetosphere in the Solar System, extending up to 7,000,000 kilometers (4,300,000 mi) on the dayside and almost to the orbit of Saturn on the nightside . Jupiter's magnetosphere is stronger than Earth's by an order of magnitude, and its magnetic moment is approximately 18,000 times larger . Pluto, on the other hand, has no magnetic field . </P>

Where is the magnetosphere located in the atmosphere
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