<P> The Roman poet Virgil (70--10 BC) associated "the plump olive" with Pax and he used the olive branch as a symbol of peace in his Aeneid: </P> <P> High on the stern Aeneas his stand, And held a branch of olive in his hand, While thus he spoke: "The Phrygians' arms you see, Expelled from Troy, provoked in Italy By Latian foes, with war unjustly made; At first affianced, and at last betrayed . This message bear: The Trojans and their chief Bring holy peace, and beg the king's relief ." </P> <P> The Romans believed there was an intimate relationship between war and peace . Mars, the god of war, had another aspect, Mars Pacifer, Mars the bringer of Peace, who is shown on coins of the later Roman Empire bearing an olive branch . Appian describes the use of the olive - branch as a gesture of peace by the enemies of the Roman general Scipio Aemilianus in the Numantine War and by Hasdrubal of Carthage . </P> <P> Poets of the 17th century associated the olive branch with peace . A Charles I gold coin of 1644 shows the monarch with sword and olive branch . Throughout the 18th century, English coins show Britannia with a spear and olive branch . </P>

Which of these is a symbol of peace