<P> Direction of mental attention...A practitioner can focus intensively on one particular object (so - called concentrative meditation), on all mental events that enter the field of awareness (so - called mindfulness meditation), or both specific focal points and the field of awareness . </P> <P> These include paying attention to the breath, to an idea or feeling (such as mettā (loving - kindness)), or to a mantra (such as in transcendental meditation), and single point meditation . </P> <P> These include mindfulness, shikantaza and other awareness states . </P> <P> Some practices use both techniques, including vipassana (which uses anapanasati as a preparation), samatha / calm - abiding, and Headspace . </P>

Meditation has been a part of which of these religious traditions