<Tr> <Th> Nicknames </Th> <Td> Pendleton Act </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Enacted by </Th> <Td> the 47th United States Congress </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th_colspan="2"> Citations </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Statutes at Large </Th> <Td> ch. 27, 22 Stat. 403 </Td> </Tr>

He pendleton act was passed in response to what