<Li> Card Security Code </Li> <P> Magnetic stripes started to be rolled out on debit cards in the 1970s with the introduction of ATMs . The magnetic stripe stores card data which can be read by physical contact and swiping past a reading head . The magnetic stripe contains all the information appearing on the card face, but allows for faster processing at point - of - sale than the then manual alternative as well as subsequently by the transaction processing company . When the magnetic stripe is being used, the cardholder will have been issued with a PIN, which is used for cardholder identification at the point - of - sale, and a signature is no longer required . The magnetic stripe is in the process of being augmented by the integrated chip . </P> <P> A smart card, chip card, or integrated circuit card (ICC), is any pocket - sized card with embedded integrated circuits which can process data . This implies that it can receive input which is processed--by way of the ICC applications--and delivered as an output . There are two broad categories of ICCs . Memory cards contain only non-volatile memory storage components, and perhaps some specific security logic . Microprocessor cards contain volatile memory and microprocessor components . The card is made of plastic, generally PVC, but sometimes ABS . The card may embed a hologram to avoid counterfeiting . Using smart cards is also a form of strong security authentication for single sign - on within large companies and organizations . </P> <P> EMV is the standard adopted by all major issuers of smart payment cards . </P>

How many types of bank cards are there