<P> Rent control is a price ceiling on rent . When soldiers returned from World War II and started families, which increased demand for apartments, but stopped receiving military pay, many of them could not deal with higher rents . The government put in price controls so that soldiers and their families could pay their rents and keep their homes . However, it increased the quantity demand for apartments and lowered the quantity supplied, and so the number of available apartments rapidly decreased until none were available for latecomers . Price ceilings create shortages when producers may to abdicate market share or go unsubsidized . </P> <P> According to professors Niko Määttänen and Ari Hyytinen, price ceilings on Helsinki City Hitas apartments are highly inefficient economically . They cause queuing and discriminate against the handicapped, single parents, elderly, and others who are not able to queue for days . They cause inefficient allocation, as apartments are not bought by those willing to pay the most for them . Also, those who get an apartment are unwilling to leave it, even when their family or work situation changes, as they may not sell it at what they feel the market price should be . The inefficiencies increase apartment shortage and raise the market price of other apartments . </P> <P> Uniform wage ceilings were introduced in Australian rules football to address uneven competition . In the Victorian Football League (VFL) a declining competitive balance followed a 1925 expansion that had admitted Footscray, Hawthorn and North Melbourne . The effects on financially - weaker clubs were exacerbated in 1929 by the beginning of the Great Depression . In 1930, a new ceiling system, formulated by VFL administrator George Coulter, stipulated that individual players were to be paid no more than A £ 3 (approximately A $243 in 2017) for a regular home - and - away match, that they must also be paid if they were injured, that they could be paid no more than A £ 12 (approximately A $975 in 2017) for a finals match, and that the wages could not be augmented with other bonuses or lump - sum payments . The "Coulter law", as it became known, remained a strictly - binding price ceiling through its history . </P> <P> During its early years, the Coulter law adversely affected only a minority of players, such as stars and players at wealthier clubs . Those individuals experienced, in effect, a drastic cut in wages . For instance, from 1931 the ceiling payment of £ 3 per game fell below the legal minimum award wage . While players at the more successful clubs of the day, such as Richmond, had previously paid significantly higher average wages, clubs that were struggling financially often could not meet the ceiling under the Coulter law . Clubs with a longstanding amateur ethos became significantly more competitive under the Coulter law, such as Melbourne, which had long attracted and retained players by indirect or non-financial incentives (such as finding players employment not related to football). The Coulter law led to at least one VFL star of the 1930s, Ron Todd, moving to the rival VFA, because he was dissatisfied with the maximum pay that he could receive at Collingwood, </P>

A price ceiling on items like apartment rents or meat is likely to lead to