<P> For similar reasons, concerned over poor marksmanship during the American Civil War, veteran Union officers Col. William C. Church and Gen. George Wingate formed the National Rifle Association of America in 1871 for the purpose of promoting and encouraging rifle shooting on a "scientific" basis . In 1872, with financial help from New York state, a site on Long Island, the Creed Farm, was purchased for the purpose of building a rifle range . Named Creedmoor, the range opened in 1872, and became the site of the first National Matches until New York politics forced the NRA to move the matches to Sea Girt, New Jersey . The popularity of the National Matches soon forced the event to be moved to its present, much larger location: Camp Perry . In 1903, the U.S. Congress created the National Board for the Promotion of Rifle Practice (NBPRP), an advisory board to the Secretary of the Army, with a nearly identical charter to the NRA . The NBPRP (now known as the Civilian Marksmanship Program) also participates in the National Matches at Camp Perry . </P> <P> In 1903, the NRA began to establish rifle clubs at all major colleges, universities, and military academies . By 1906, youth programs were in full swing with more than 200 boys competing in the National Matches . Today, more than one million youth participate in shooting sports events and affiliated programs through groups such as 4 - H, the Boy Scouts of America, the American Legion, U.S. Jaycees, NCAA, The USA High School Clay Target League, the Scholastic Clay Target Program, National Guard Bureau, ROTC, and JROTC . </P> <P> French pistol champion and founder of the modern Olympics, Pierre de Coubertin, participated in many of these early competitions . This fact certainly contributed to the inclusion of five shooting events in the 1896 Olympics . Over the years, the events have been changed a number of times in order to keep up with technology and social standards . the targets that formerly resembled humans or animals in their shape and size have are now a circular shape in order to avoid associating the sport with any form of violence . At the same time, some events have been dropped and new ones have been added . The 2004 Olympics featured three shooting disciplines (rifle, pistol, and shotgun) where athletes competed for 51 medals in 10 men's and 7 women's events--slightly fewer than the previous Olympic schedule . </P> <P> In the Olympic Games, the shooting sport has always enjoyed the distinction of awarding the first medals of the Games . Internationally, the International Shooting Sport Federation (ISSF) has oversight of all Olympic shooting events worldwide, while National Governing Bodies (NGBs) administer the sport within each country . </P>

What kind of gun is used in the olympics
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