<P> A zinc--carbon battery is a dry cell primary battery that delivers about 1.5 volts of direct current from the electrochemical reaction reaction between zinc and manganese dioxide . A carbon rod collects the current from the maganese dioxide electrode, giving the name to the cell . A dry cell is usually made of a zinc can which also serves as the anode with a negative potential, while the inert carbon rod is the positive cathode . General purpose batteries may use an aqueous paste of ammonium chloride as electrolyte, possibly mixed with some zinc chloride solution . Heavy duty types use a paste primarily composed of zinc chloride . </P> <P> Zinc--carbon batteries were the first commercial dry batteries, developed from the technology of the wet Leclanché cell . They made flashlights and other portable devices possible, because the battery can function in any orientation . They are still useful in low drain or intermittent use devices such as remote controls, flashlights, clocks or transistor radios . Zinc--carbon dry cells are single - use primary cells . </P> <P> By 1876, the wet Leclanché cell was made with a compressed block of manganese dioxide . In 1886 Carl Gassner patented a "dry" version by using a zinc cup as the anode and making the electrolyte with a paste of plaster of Paris (and later, wheat flour) to gel and immobilize it . </P>

Where do we use carbon zinc batteries today
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