<P> In North Africa, the presence of Mode 2 remains a mystery, as the oldest finds are from Thomas Quarry in Morocco at 0.9 mya . Archaeological attention, however, shifts to the Jordan Rift Valley, an extension of the East African Rift Valley (the east bank of the Jordan is slowly sliding northward as East Africa is thrust away from Africa). Evidence of use of the Nile Valley is in deficit, but Hominans could easily have reached the palaeo - Jordan river from Ethiopia along the shores of the Red Sea, one side or the other . A crossing would not have been necessary, but it is more likely there than over a theoretical but unproven land bridge through either Gibraltar or Sicily . </P> <P> Meanwhile, Acheulean went on in Africa past the 1.0 mya mark and also past the extinction of H. erectus there . The last Acheulean in East Africa is at Olorgesailie, Kenya, dated to about 0.9 mya . Its owner was still H. erectus, but in South Africa, Acheulean at Elandsfontein, 1.0--0.6 mya, is associated with Saldanha man, classified as H. heidelbergensis, a more advanced, but not yet modern, descendant most likely of H. erectus . The Thoman Quarry Hominans in Morocco similarly are most likely Homo rhodesiensis, in the same evolutionary status as H. heidelbergensis . </P> <P> Mode 2 is first known out of Africa at' Ubeidiya, Israel, a site now on the Jordan River, then frequented over the long term (hundreds of thousands of years) by Homo on the shore of a variable - level palaeo - lake, long since vanished . The geology was created by successive "transgression and regression" of the lake resulting in four cycles of layers . The tools are located in the first two, Cycles Li (Limnic Inferior) and Fi (Fluviatile Inferior), but mostly in Fi . The cycles represent different ecologies and therefore different cross-sections of fauna, which makes it possible to date them . They appear to be the same faunal assemblages as the Ferenta Faunal Unit in Italy, known from excavations at Selvella and Pieterfitta, dated to 1.6--1.2 mya . </P> <P> At' Ubeidiya the marks on the bones of the animal species found there indicate that the manufacturers of the tools butchered the kills of large predators, an activity that has been termed "scavenging". There are no living floors, nor did they process bones to obtain the marrow . These activities cannot be understood therefore as the only or even the typical economic activity of Hominans . Their interests were selective: they were primarily harvesting the meat of Cervids, which is estimated to have been available without spoiling for up to four days after the kill . </P>

This marked the transition from the paleolithic to the neolithic time period