<Table> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> This article possibly contains original research . Please improve it by verifying the claims made and adding inline citations . Statements consisting only of original research should be removed . (June 2018) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) </Td> </Tr> </Table> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> This article possibly contains original research . Please improve it by verifying the claims made and adding inline citations . Statements consisting only of original research should be removed . (June 2018) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) </Td> </Tr> <P> Federalist No. 51, titled: "The Structure of the Government Must Furnish the Proper Checks and Balances Between the Different Departments", is an essay by James Madison, the fifty - first of The Federalist Papers . This document was published on February 8, 1788, under the pseudonym Publius, the name under which all The Federalist papers were published . Federalist No. 51 addresses means by which appropriate checks and balances can be created in government and also advocates a separation of powers within the national government . This idea of checks and balances became a crucial document in the establishment of the modern U.S. system of checks and balances . One of its most important ideas, an explanation of check and balances, is the often quoted phrase, "Ambition must be made to counteract ambition ." </P> <P> In creating this system, Madison's idea was that the politicians and the individuals in public service in the U.S. would all have proclamations and ideas that that they were passionate about and that they wanted to work hard to enact . The logical solution to ensure that laws and strong ideas were not enacted by a small group of partisan individuals was to use a federalist system where each level of government had different branches, each branch having the authority to impact legislation proposed by other branches . One of the main ways that Federalist Paper 51 was able to encourage checks and balances was by emphasizing the word liberty and by describing that liberty would directly result from the implementation of these governmental concepts . </P>

What is the main focus of federalist 51
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