<P> Aga Khan III (1877--1957) played a leading role in founding AIML; his goal was the advancement of Muslim agendas and protection of Muslim rights in India . He shared Ahmad Khan's belief that Muslims should first build up their social capital through advanced education before engaging in politics . Agha Khan boldly told the British Raj that Muslims must be considered a separate nation within India . Even after he resigned as president of the AIML in 1912, he still exerted major influence on its policies and agendas . in 1913 Mohammed Ali Jinnah joined the Muslim league . </P> <P> Intellectual support and a cadre of young activists emerged from Aligarh Muslim University . Hasan reports that in the early 20th century, this Muslim institution, designed to prepare students for service to the British Raj, exploded into political activity . Until 1939, the faculty and students supported an all - India nationalist movement . After 1939, however, sentiment shifted dramatically toward a Muslim separatist movement, as students and faculty mobilised behind Jinnah and the Muslim League . </P> <P> Politically there was a degree of unity between Muslim and Hindu leaders after World War I, as typified by the Khilafat Movement . Relationships cooled sharply after that campaign ended in 1922 . Communalism grew rapidly, forcing the two groups apart . Major riots broke out in numerous cities, including 91 in U.P. alone . At the leadership level, the proportion of Muslims among delegates to Congress fell sharply, from 11% in 1921 to under 4% in 1924 . </P> <P> Muhammad Ali Jinnah became disillusioned with politics after the failure of his attempt to form a Hindu - Muslim alliance, and he spent most of the 1920s in Britain . The leadership of the League was taken over by, Sir Muhammad Iqbal, who in 1930 first put forward the demand for a separate Muslim state in India . The "Two - Nation Theory", the belief that Hindus and Muslims were two different nations who could not live in one country, gained popularity among Muslims . The two - state solution was rejected by the Congress leaders, who favoured a united India based on composite national identity . Congress at all times rejected "communalism"--that is, basing politics on religious identity . Iqbal's policy of uniting the North - West Frontier Province, Baluchistan, Punjab, and Sindh into a new Muslim majority state became part of the League's political platform . </P>

Mention the factors that led to the formation of the muslim league