<P> The provinces and territories of Canada are the administrative divisions that are responsible for the delivery of sub-national governance within the geographical areas of Canada under the authority of the Canadian Constitution . In the 1867 Canadian Confederation, three provinces of British North America--New Brunswick, Nova Scotia and the Province of Canada (which, upon Confederation, was divided into Ontario and Quebec)--were united to form a federated colony, which eventually became a sovereign nation in the next century . Over its history, Canada's international borders have changed several times, and the country has grown from the original four provinces to the current ten provinces and three territories . The ten provinces are Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland and Labrador, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Quebec, and Saskatchewan . Several of the provinces were former British colonies, and Quebec was originally a French colony, while others were added as Canada grew . The three territories are Northwest Territories, Nunavut, and Yukon, which govern the rest of the area of the former British North America . Together, the provinces and territories make up the world's second - largest country by area . </P> <P> The major difference between a Canadian province and a territory is that provinces receive their power and authority from the Constitution Act, 1867 (formerly called the British North America Act, 1867), whereas territorial governments have powers delegated to them by the Parliament of Canada . The powers flowing from the Constitution Act are divided between the Government of Canada (the federal government) and the provincial governments to exercise exclusively . A change to the division of powers between the federal government and the provinces requires a constitutional amendment, whereas a similar change affecting the territories can be performed unilaterally by the Parliament of Canada or government . </P>

When did the other provinces join up with canada