<Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Look up gender in Wiktionary, the free dictionary . </Td> </Tr> <P> Gender, according to West and Zimmerman, is not a personal trait; it is "an emergent feature of social situations: both as an outcome of and a rationale for various social arrangements, and as a means of legitimating one of the most fundamental divisions of society ." Historically, the term gender was adopted as means of distinguishing between biological sex and socialized aspects of femininity and masculinity . Moreover, gender was considered achieved and more or less stable after it is acquired in early childhood . Contemporary constructionist perspective, as proposed by Fenstermaker and West, proposes treating gender as an activity ("doing") of utilizing normative prescriptions and beliefs about sex categories based on situational variables . These "gender activities" constitute our belonging to a sex as based on the socially accepted dichotomy of "women" and "men". It is noted, however, that these activities are not always perceived (by the audience) as being either "masculine" or "feminine", they are at constant risk of being assessed as more or less "womanly" or "manly"; ultimately, any behavior may be judged based upon its "manly" or "womanly" nature . "Doing gender" is in fact based on these interactions that are constituted of ongoing assessments in various situations . This in turn points to the situational nature of gender rather than its inherent, essentialist and individual nature . </P> <P> Gender roles are often centred around the conceptions of femininity or masculinity . In our society today, women are socialized as being the caretakers of the house, nurture the children, cook and clean . With men, they "should" be the workhorse, the provider, protector, a leader, and a teacher to his family . </P> <P> Empirical investigations suggest that gender roles are "social constructs that vary significantly across time, context, and culture". Ronald F. Levant and Kathleen Alto write: </P>

Which of these is an example of social identity