<P> Regarding the Ezekiel 37 prophecy, the LDS church teaches that the Book of Mormon is the stick of Ephraim (or Joseph) mentioned and that the Bible is the stick of Judah, thus comprising two witnesses for Jesus Christ . The LDS church believes the Book of Mormon to be a collection of records by prophets of the ancient Americas, written on plates of gold and translated by Joseph Smith c. 1830 . The LDS church considers the Book of Mormon one of the main tools for the spiritual gathering of Israel . </P> <P> Expanded exploration and study of groups throughout the world through archeology and the new field of anthropology in the late 19th century led to a revival or reworking of accounts of the Lost Tribes . For instance, because archeological finds of the Mississippian culture's complex earthwork mounds seemed beyond the skills of the Native American cultures known to European Americans at the time of their discovery, it was theorized that the ancient civilizations involved in the mounds' construction were linked to the Lost Tribes . They tried to fit new information into a biblical construct . However, the earthworks across North America have been conclusively linked to various Native groups, and most archaeologists now consider the theory of non-Native origin to be pseudo-science . </P> <P> After learning about normative Judaism in the 19th century, the Bene Israel often migrated from villages in Konkan to nearby cities, which included Mumbai, Pune, Ahmedabad, and Karachi . Based on Bene Israel tradition, after centuries of traveling through Western Asia from Israel, their ancestors migrated to India and slowly assimilated into the surrounding community, while maintaining particular Jewish traditions . David Rahabi, an Indian Jew, found the Bene Israel in the 18th century and took note of their Jewish customs . Some historians note that the ancestors of the Bene Israel belonged to one of the Lost Tribes of Israel; however, Jewish authorities have not officially recognized the Bene Israel as one of the Lost Tribes . In 1964 the Israeli Rabbinate ruled that the Bene Israel are "full Jews in every respect". </P> <P> The Report of the High Level Commission on the Indian Diaspora (2012) reviewed life in Israel for the Bene Israel community . It noted that the city of Beersheba in Southern Israel has the largest community of Bene Israel, with a sizable one in Ramla . They have a new kind of transnational family . Generally the Bene Israel have not been politically active and have had modest means . They have not formed continuing economic connections to India and have limited political status in Israel . Jews of Indian origin are generally regarded as Sephardic; they have become well integrated religiously with the Sephardhim community in Israel . Since the late 20th century, members of Bene Israel have also settled in North America, mostly in Canada . </P>

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