<P> Internally, NTFS uses B - trees to index file system data . Although complex to implement, this allows faster file look up times in most cases . A file system journal is used to guarantee the integrity of the file system metadata but not individual files' content . Systems using NTFS are known to have improved reliability compared to FAT file systems . </P> <P> NTFS allows any sequence of 16 - bit values for name encoding (file names, stream names, index names, etc .) except 0x0000 . This means UTF - 16 code units are supported, but the file system does not check whether a sequence is valid UTF - 16 (it allows any sequence of short values, not restricted to those in the Unicode standard). File names are limited to 255 UTF - 16 code units . Certain names are reserved in the volume root directory and cannot be used for files . These are $MFT, $MFTMirr, $LogFile, $Volume, $AttrDef, . (dot), $Bitmap, $Boot, $BadClus, $Secure, $UpCase, and $Extend . (dot) and $Extend are both directories; the others are files . The NT kernel limits full paths to 32,767 UTF - 16 code units . There are some additional restrictions on code points and file names . </P> <Table> NTFS boot sector contents (All values except strings are stored in little endian order .) <Tr> <Th> Byte offset </Th> <Th> Field length </Th> <Th> Typical value </Th> <Th> Field name </Th> <Th> Purpose </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 0x00 </Td> <Td> 3 bytes </Td> <Td> 0xEB5290 </Td> <Td> JMP instruction </Td> <Td> Causes execution to continue after the data structures in this boot sector . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 0x03 </Td> <Td> 8 bytes </Td> <Td> "NTFS" Word "NTFS" followed by four trailing spaces (0x20) </Td> <Td> OEM ID </Td> <Td> This is the magic cookie that indicates this is an NTFS file system . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 0x0B </Td> <Td> 2 bytes </Td> <Td> 0x0200 </Td> <Td> Bytes per sector </Td> <Td> The number of bytes in a disk sector . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 0x0D </Td> <Td> 1 byte </Td> <Td> 0x08 </Td> <Td> Sectors Per Cluster </Td> <Td> The number of sectors in a cluster </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 0x0E </Td> <Td> 2 bytes </Td> <Td> 0x0000 </Td> <Td> Reserved Sectors, unused </Td> <Td> How much space is reserved by the OS at the start of disk . This is always 0 . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 0x10 </Td> <Td> 3 bytes </Td> <Td> 0x000000 </Td> <Td> Unused </Td> <Td> This field is always 0 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 0x13 </Td> <Td> 2 bytes </Td> <Td> 0x0000 </Td> <Td> Unused by NTFS </Td> <Td> This field is always 0 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 0x15 </Td> <Td> 1 byte </Td> <Td> 0xF8 </Td> <Td> Media Descriptor </Td> <Td> The type of drive . 0xF8 is used to denote a hard drive (in contrast to the several sizes of floppy). </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 0x16 </Td> <Td> 2 bytes </Td> <Td> 0x0000 </Td> <Td> Unused </Td> <Td> This field is always 0 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 0x18 </Td> <Td> 2 bytes </Td> <Td> 0x003F </Td> <Td> Sectors Per Track </Td> <Td> The number of disk sectors in a drive track . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 0x1A </Td> <Td> 2 bytes </Td> <Td> 0x00FF </Td> <Td> Number Of Heads </Td> <Td> The number of heads on the drive . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 0x1C </Td> <Td> 4 bytes </Td> <Td> 0x0000003F </Td> <Td> Hidden Sectors </Td> <Td> The number of sectors preceding the partition . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 0x20 </Td> <Td> 4 bytes </Td> <Td> 0x00000000 </Td> <Td> Unused </Td> <Td> Not used by NTFS </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 0x24 </Td> <Td> 4 bytes </Td> <Td> 0x00800080 </Td> <Td> Unused </Td> <Td> Not used by NTFS </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 0x28 </Td> <Td> 8 bytes </Td> <Td> 0x00000000007FF54A </Td> <Td> Total sectors </Td> <Td> The partition size in sectors . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 0x30 </Td> <Td> 8 bytes </Td> <Td> 0x0000000000000004 </Td> <Td> $MFT cluster number </Td> <Td> The cluster that contains the Master File Table </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 0x38 </Td> <Td> 8 bytes </Td> <Td> 0x000000000007FF54 </Td> <Td> $MFTMirr cluster number </Td> <Td> The cluster that contains a backup of the Master File Table </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 0x40 </Td> <Td> 1 byte </Td> <Td> 0xF6 </Td> <Td> Clusters Per File Record Segment </Td> <Td> The number of clusters in a File Record Segment . A negative number denotes that the size is 2 to the power of the absolute value . (0xF6 = - 10 → 2 ^ 10 = 1024). </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 0x41 </Td> <Td> 3 bytes </Td> <Td> 0x000000 </Td> <Td> Unused </Td> <Td> This field is not used by NTFS </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 0x44 </Td> <Td> 1 byte </Td> <Td> 0x01 </Td> <Td> Clusters Per Index Buffer </Td> <Td> The number of clusters in an Index Buffer . This uses the same algorithm for negative numbers as the "Clusters Per File Record Segment ." </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 0x45 </Td> <Td> 3 bytes </Td> <Td> 0x000000 </Td> <Td> Unused </Td> <Td> This field is not used by NTFS </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 0x48 </Td> <Td> 8 bytes </Td> <Td> 0x1C741BC9741BA514 </Td> <Td> Volume Serial Number </Td> <Td> A unique random number assigned to this partition, to keep things organized . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 0x50 </Td> <Td> 4 bytes </Td> <Td> 0x00000000 </Td> <Td> Checksum, unused </Td> <Td> Supposedly a checksum . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 0x54 </Td> <Td> 426 bytes </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Bootstrap Code </Td> <Td> The code that loads the rest of the operating system . This is pointed to by the first 3 bytes of this sector . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 0x01FE </Td> <Td> 2 bytes </Td> <Td> 0xAA55 </Td> <Td> End - of - sector Marker </Td> <Td> This flag indicates that this is a valid boot sector . </Td> </Tr> </Table> <Tr> <Th> Byte offset </Th> <Th> Field length </Th> <Th> Typical value </Th> <Th> Field name </Th> <Th> Purpose </Th> </Tr>

Ntfs is the default file system for a windows server 2012 installation