<P> The Massachusetts Bay Colony became the first English chartered colony whose board of governors did not reside in England . This independence helped the settlers to maintain their Puritan religious practices without interference from the king, Archbishop Laud, or the Anglican Church . The charter remained in force for 55 years; Charles II revoked it in 1684 . Parliament had passed legislation collectively called the Navigation Acts which attempted to prevent the colonists from trading with any nation other than England . Colonial resistance to those acts led King Charles to revoke the Massachusetts charter and consolidate all the colonies in New England, New York, and New Jersey into the Dominion of New England . </P> <P> A flotilla of ships sailed from England beginning in April 1630, sometimes known as the Winthrop Fleet . The fleet began arriving at Salem in June and carried more than 700 colonists, Governor John Winthrop, and the colonial charter . Winthrop delivered his famous "City upon a Hill" sermon either before or during the voyage . </P> <P> For the next ten years, there was a steady exodus of Puritans from England, with about 20,000 people emigrating to Massachusetts and the neighboring colonies during the Great Migration . Many ministers reacted to the repressive religious policies of England, making the trip with their congregations, among whom were John Cotton, Roger Williams, Thomas Hooker, and others . Religious divisions and the need for additional land prompted a number of new settlements that resulted in Connecticut Colony (by Hooker) and the Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations (by Williams and others). Minister John Wheelwright was banished in the wake of the Antinomian Controversy (like Anne Hutchinson), and he moved north to found Exeter, New Hampshire . </P> <P> The advent of the Wars of the Three Kingdoms in 1639 brought a halt to major migration, and a significant number of men returned to England to fight in the war . Massachusetts authorities were sympathetic to the Parliamentary cause and had generally positive relationships with the governments of the English Commonwealth and the Protectorate of Oliver Cromwell . The colony's economy began to diversify in the 1640s, as the fur trading, lumber, and fishing industries found markets in Europe and the West Indies, and the colony's shipbuilding industry developed . The growth of a generation of people who were born in the colony and the rise of a merchant class began to slowly change the political and cultural landscape of the colony, even though its governance continued to be dominated by relatively conservative Puritans . </P>

Who was banished from the massachusetts bay colony