<P> Pesticide application refers to the practical way in which pesticides, (including herbicides, fungicides, insecticides, or nematode control agents) are delivered to their biological targets (e.g. pest organism, crop or other plant). Public concern about the use of pesticides has highlighted the need to make this process as efficient as possible, in order to minimise their release into the environment and human exposure (including operators, bystanders and consumers of produce). The practice of pest management by the rational application of pesticides is supremely multi-disciplinary, combining many aspects of biology and chemistry with: agronomy, engineering, meteorology, socio - economics and public health, together with newer disciplines such as biotechnology and information science . </P> <P> Seed treatments can achieve exceptionally high efficiencies, in terms of effective dose - transfer to a crop . Pesticides are applied to the seed prior to planting, in the form of a seed treatment, or coating, to protect against soil - borne risks to the plant; additionally, these coatings can provide supplemental chemicals and nutrients designed to encourage growth . A typical seed coating can include a nutrient layer--containing nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, a rhizobial layer--containing symbiotic bacteria and other beneficial microorganisms, and a fungicide (or other chemical) layer to make the seed less vulnerable to pests . </P> <P> One of the most common forms of pesticide application, especially in conventional agriculture, is the use of mechanical sprayers . Hydraulic sprayers consists of a tank, a pump, a lance (for single nozzles) or boom, and a nozzle (or multiple nozzles). Sprayers convert a pesticide formulation, often containing a mixture of water (or another liquid chemical carrier, such as fertilizer) and chemical, into droplets, which can be large rain - type drops or tiny almost - invisible particles . This conversion is accomplished by forcing the spray mixture through a spray nozzle under pressure . The size of droplets can be altered through the use of different nozzle sizes, or by altering the pressure under which it is forced, or a combination of both . Large droplets have the advantage of being less susceptible to spray drift, but require more water per unit of land covered . Due to static electricity, small droplets are able to maximize contact with a target organism, but very still wind conditions are required . </P>

Which machine is used to apply highly concentrated insecticide in bangladesh