<P> Delegates, understanding that the number of states would inevitably increase, did agree to include wording into this clause to preclude formation of a new state out of an established one without the consent of the established state as well as the Congress . It was anticipated that Kentucky (which was a part of Virginia), Franklin (which was a part of North Carolina, and later became part of the Southwest Territory), Vermont (to which New York asserted a disputed claim), and Maine (which was a part of Massachusetts), would become states . As a result of this compromise, new breakaway states are permitted to join the Union, but only with the proper consents . </P> <P> Shortly after the new Constitution went into effect Congress admitted Vermont and Kentucky on equal terms with the existing 13 states, and thereafter formalized the condition in its acts of admission for subsequent states . Thus the Congress, utilizing the discretion allowed by the framers, adopted a policy of equal status for all newly admitted states . The constitutional principle derived from these actions is known as the equal footing doctrine . With the growth of states' rights advocacy during the antebellum period, the Supreme Court asserted, in Lessee of Pollard v. Hagan (1845), that the Constitution mandated admission of new states on the basis of equality . </P> <P> Historically, most new states brought into being by Congress have been established from an organized incorporated U.S. territory, created and governed by Congress in accord with its plenary power under Article IV, Section 3, Clause 2 of the Constitution . In some cases, an entire territory became a state; in others some part of a territory became a state . In most cases, the organized government of a territory made known the sentiment of its population in favor of statehood, usually by referendum . Congress then directed that government to organize a constitutional convention to write a state constitution . Upon acceptance of that constitution, by the people of the territory and then by Congress, would adopt a joint resolution granting statehood and the President would issue a proclamation announcing that a new state has been added to the Union . While Congress, which has ultimate authority over the admission of new states, has usually followed this procedure, there have been occasions (due to unique case - specific circumstances) where it did not . </P> <P> Congress is under no obligation to admit states, even in those areas whose population expresses a desire for statehood . In one instance, Mormon pioneers in Salt Lake City sought to establish the state of Deseret in 1849 . It existed for slightly over two years and was never approved by the United States Congress . In another, leaders of the Five Civilized Tribes (Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Creek, and Seminole) in Indian Territory proposed to establish the state of Sequoyah in 1905, as a means to retain control of their lands . The proposed constitution ultimately failed in the U.S. Congress . Instead, the Indian Territory was incorporated into the new state of Oklahoma in 1907 . </P>

Requirements to become a state in the united states
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