<P> A law will be found to violate the freedom of expression where the law either has the purpose or effect of violating the right . </P> <P> A law's purpose can limit the right either through limiting the content or form of expression . Limits on content are where the meaning of the expression is specifically forbidden by the law, such as hate - speech law, and is the most easily identifiable form of limitation . Limiting the form of the expression can often invoke section 2 (b) as it will often have the effect of limiting the content as well . </P> <P> Where a law does not intend to limit the freedom of expression it may still infringe section 2 (b) through its effects . A law will be found to restrict expression if it has the effect of frustrating "the pursuit of truth, participation in the community, or individual self - fulfillment and human flourishing". </P> <P> Commercial expression is recognized as an activity protected under section 2 (b). This includes advertising and any other similar means of expression used to sell goods and services . In fact, even false or misleading advertising is protected . The value of the expression does not come into play until the section 1 analysis . </P>

The canadian charter of rights and freedoms guarantees the establishment and operation of religious