<P> The demand for states on linguistic basis was developed even before India achieved independence from British rule . In 1895, a first - of - its - kind linguistic movement started in what is now Odisha . The movement got intensified in later years with the demand for a separate Orissa Province to be formed by bifurcating the existing Bihar and Orissa Province . Due to the efforts of Madhusudan Das, the Father of Oriya nationalism, the movement eventually bore fruit in 1936, when Orissa Province became the first Indian state (pre-independence) organized on a linguistic basis . </P> <P> The post-independence period saw the ascent of political movements for the creation of new states developed on linguistic lines . The movement to create a Telugu - speaking state out of the northern portion of Madras State gathered strength in the years after independence, and in 1953, the 16 northern, Telugu - speaking districts of Madras State became the new State of Andhra.It was after the hunger strike of Potti Sriramalu . </P> <P> Other small changes were made to state boundaries during the 1950 - 1956 period . The small state of Bilaspur was merged with Himachal Pradesh on 1 July 1954, and Chandernagore, a former enclave of French India, was incorporated into West Bengal in 1955 . But post independence, the first state created on a linguistic basis was Andhra in 1953, created out of the Telugu - speaking northern parts of Madras State . </P> <P> The States Reorganization Commission was preceded by the Linguistic Provinces Commission (aka Dhar Commission) in 1948, and then the "JVP Committee". In December 1953, Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru appointed the States Reorganisation Commission to reorganise the Indian states . It was headed by the retired Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, Fazal Ali . The other two members of the commission were H.N. Kunzru and K.M. Panikkar . The efforts of this commission were overseen by Govind Ballabh Pant, who served as the Home Minister from December 1954 . The commission submitted a report on September 30, 1955, recommending the reorganisation of India's states . The Parliament debated the Commission report . Subsequently, bills making changes to the constitution and reorganising the states were passed . </P>

Which was the first state in india to be created in linguistic basis post independence