<P> Real - estate brokerage offers an example of a modern American guild system . Signs of guild behavior in real - estate brokerage include: standard pricing (6% of the home price), strong affiliation among all practitioners, self - regulation (see National Association of Realtors), strong cultural identity (see realtor), little price variation with quality differences, and traditional methods in use by all practitioners . In September 2005 the U.S. Department of Justice filed an antitrust lawsuit against the National Association of Realtors, challenging NAR practices that (the DOJ asserted) prevent competition from practitioners who use different methods . The DOJ and the Federal Trade Commission in 2005 advocated against state laws, supported by NAR, that disadvantage new kinds of brokers . U.S. v. National Assoc. of Realtors, Civil Action No. 05C - 5140 (N.D. Ill . Sept. 7, 2005). </P> <P> The practice of law in the United States also exemplifies modern guilds at work . Every state maintains its own bar association, supervised by that state's highest court . The court decides the criteria for entering and staying in the legal profession . In most states, every attorney must become a member of that state's bar association in order to practice law . State laws forbid any person from engaging in the unauthorized practice of law and practicing attorneys are subject to rules of professional conduct that are enforced by the state's high court . </P> <P> Medical associations comparable to guilds include the state Medical Boards, the American Medical Association, and the American Dental Association . Medical licensing in most states requires specific training, tests and years of low - paid apprenticeship (internship and residency) under harsh working conditions . Even qualified international or out - of - state doctors may not practice without acceptance by the local medical guild (Medical board). Similarly, nurses and physicians' practitioners have their own guilds . A doctor cannot work as a physician's assistant unless (s) he separately trains, tests and apprentices as one . </P> <P> Australia is home to The Pharmacy Guild of Australia (the peak association in the pharmacy industry) and the Guild of Commercial Filmmakers (an association of makers of commercial, short and feature films). Australia's fine jewellery industry has members of the Gold and Silversmith's Guild of Australia (GSGA) who practice their manufacturing locally . </P>

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