<P> Eritrea is a multilingual country . The nation has no official language, as the Constitution establishes the "equality of all Eritrean languages". Tigrinya serves as the de facto language of national identity . With 2,540,000 total speakers of a population of 5,254,000 in 2006, it is the most widely spoken language, particularly in the southern and central parts of Eritrea . Other major national languages include Afar, Arabic, Beja, Bilen, Kunama, Nara, Saho and Tigre . Tigrinya alongside Modern Standard Arabic and English serve as de facto working languages, with the latter used in university education and many technical fields . Italian, the former colonial language, is spoken by a few monolinguals and is still taught in primary and secondary schools . </P> <P> Most of the languages spoken in Eritrea belong to the Ethiopian Semitic branch of the Afroasiatic family . Other Afroasiatic languages belonging to the Cushitic branch are also widely spoken in the country . The latter include Afar, Beja, Blin, and Saho . Smaller groups also speak other Afroasiatic languages, such as the newly recognized Dahlik and Arabic (the Hejazi and Hadhrami dialects spoken by the Rashaida and Hadhrami, respectively). </P> <P> In addition, Nilo - Saharan languages (Kunama and Nara) are spoken as a native language by the Nilotic Kunama and Nara ethnic minority groups that live in the northern and northwestern part of the country . </P> <Table> Eritrea religious groups <Tr> <Th> U.S Department of State 2011 </Th> <Th> Pew Research 2009 </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> <Table> <Tr> <Td> Religion </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Percent </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan="2"> Christianity </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td_colspan="2"> 50% </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan="2"> Islam </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td_colspan="2"> 48% </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan="2"> Others </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td_colspan="2"> 2% </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> <Td> <Table> <Tr> <Td> Religion </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Percent </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan="2"> Christianity </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td_colspan="2"> 63% </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan="2"> Islam </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td_colspan="2"> 36% </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan="2"> Others </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td_colspan="2"> 1% </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> </Tr> </Table>

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