<P> The symbol of Marianne continued to evolve in response to the needs of the State long after the Directory was dissolved in 1799 following the coup spearheaded by Emmanuel - Joseph Sieyès and Napoleon Bonaparte . Whereas Mercury and Minerva and other symbolic figures diminished in prominence over the course of French history, Marianne endured because of her abstraction and impersonality . The "malleability" of what she symbolised allowed French political figures to continually manipulate her image to their specific purposes at any given time . </P> <P> On 17 March 1848, the Ministry of the Interior of the newly founded Second Republic launched a contest to symbolise the Republic on paintings, sculptures, medals, money and seals, as no official representations of it existed . After the fall of the monarchy, the Provisional Government had declared: "The image of liberty should replace everywhere the images of corruption and shame, which have been broken in three days by the magnanimous French people ." For the first time, the allegory of Marianne condensed into itself Liberty, the Republic and the Revolution . </P> <P> Two "Mariannes" were authorised . One is fighting and victorious, recalling the Greek goddess Athena: she has a bare breast, the Phrygian cap and a red corsage, and has an arm lifted in a gesture of rebellion . The other is more conservative: she is rather quiet, wearing clothes in a style of Antiquity, with sun rays around her head--a transfer of the royal symbol to the Republic--and is accompanied by many symbols (wheat, a plough and the fasces of the Roman lictors). These two, rival Mariannes represent two ideas of the Republic, a bourgeois representation and a democratic and social representation--the June Days Uprising hadn't yet occurred . </P> <P> Town halls voluntarily chose to have representations of Marianne, often turning her back to the church . Marianne made her first appearance on a French postage stamp in 1849 . </P>

Who does this statue represent holding the fasces and a plough
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