<P> During King William's War (1688--1697), the French created raiding parties with native allies to attack English colonial settlements, as the English had used the Iroquois against the French . Some of the most notable of the French - sponsored raids in 1690 were the Schenectady massacre in the Province of New York; Salmon Falls, New Hampshire; and Falmouth Neck (present - day Portland, Maine). The French and their allies killed settlers in the raids and carried some back to Canada . Settlers in New England raised money to redeem their captives, but some were adopted into the Native tribes . The French government generally did not intervene when the Natives kept the captives . Throughout the 1690s the French and their allies also continued to raid deep into Iroquois, destroying Mohawk villages in 1692, and later raiding Seneca, Oneida, and Onondaga villages . The English and Iroquois banded together for operations aimed at New France, but these were largely ineffectual . The most successful incursion resulted in the 1691 Battle of La Prairie . Because France claimed dominion over the Iroquois, the French offensive was not halted by the 1697 Treaty of Ryswick that brought peace between France and England, and ended overt English participation in the conflict . </P> <P> Finally, in 1698, the Iroquois began to see the English as becoming a greater threat than the French . The English had begun colonizing Pennsylvania in 1681 . The continued colonial growth there began to encroach on the southern border of the Iroquois territory . The French policy began to change towards the Iroquois . After nearly 50 years of warfare, they began to believe that it would be impossible to ever destroy them . They decided that befriending the Iroquois would be the easiest way to ensure their monopoly on the northern fur trade and help stop English expansion . As soon as the English heard of the treaty they immediately set about to prevent it from being agreed to . It would result in the loss of Albany's monopoly on the fur trade with the Iroquois and, without their protection, the northern flank of the English colonies would be open to French attack . Despite English interference the treaty was agreed to . </P> <P> The subsequent Great Peace of Montreal was signed in 1701 in Montreal by 39 Indian chiefs and the French . In the treaty, the Iroquois agreed to stop marauding and to allow refugees from the Great Lakes to return east . The Shawnee eventually regained control of the Ohio Country and the lower Allegheny River . The Miami tribe returned to take control of modern Indiana and north - west Ohio . The Pottawatomie went to Michigan, and the Illinois tribe to Illinois . With the Dutch long removed from North America, the English had become just as powerful as the French . The Iroquois came to see that they held the balance of power between the two European powers and they used that position to their benefit for the decades to come . Their society began to quickly change as the tribes began to focus on building up a strong nation, improving their farming technology, and educating their population . The peace was lasting and it would not be until the 1720s that their territory would again be threatened by the Europeans . </P> <P> Also in 1701, the Iroquois nominally gave the English much of the disputed territory north of the Ohio in the Nanfan Treaty, although this transfer was not recognised by the French, who were the strongest actual presence there at the time . In that treaty, the Iroquois leadership claimed to have conquered this "Beaver Hunting Ground" 80 years previously, or in about 1621 . </P>

When did the french and the iroquois make peace