<P> Following these advances, scientific interest for the development of a solution for heart disease developed in numerous research groups worldwide . </P> <P> In 1949, a precursor to the modern artificial heart pump was built by doctors William Sewell and William Glenn of the Yale School of Medicine using an Erector Set, assorted odds and ends, and dime - store toys . The external pump successfully bypassed the heart of a dog for more than an hour . </P> <P> Paul Winchell invented an artificial heart with the assistance of Henry Heimlich (the inventor of the Heimlich Maneuver) and held the first patent for such a device . The University of Utah developed a similar apparatus around the same time, but when they tried to patent it, Winchell's heart was cited as prior art . The university requested that Winchell donate the heart to the University of Utah, which he did . There is some debate as to how much of Winchell's design Robert Jarvik used in creating Jarvik's artificial heart . Heimlich states, "I saw the heart, I saw the patent and I saw the letters . The basic principle used in Winchell's heart and Jarvik's heart is exactly the same ." Jarvik denies that any of Winchell's design elements were incorporated into the device he fabricated for humans which was successfully implanted into Barney Clark in 1982 . </P> <P> On December 12, 1957, Willem Johan Kolff, the world's most prolific inventor of artificial organs, implanted an artificial heart into a dog at Cleveland Clinic . The dog lived for 90 minutes . </P>

Who introduced the use of artificial heart for surgery