<P> Nowak and Heinrichs (2008) conducted a meta - analysis that analyzed findings of 55 research studies on the Positive Parenting Program and found reliable positive effects of the program across all settings (initial levels of problems and countries) for child behavior problems, parenting behavior, and parental well - being . Parents' relationship quality also significantly improved as a result of the program . The findings were unable to establish whether positive child effects were due to an increase in positive behavior or a decrease in problematic behavior . According to the authors, the results of the meta - analysis indicated the program's "ability to effect meaningful improvements in parents and children" (p. 114). Furthermore, Triple P has also been provided to families in the United Kingdom where neglect is a concern . The findings from this service showed that, on average the children who participated in the evaluation experienced improved emotional and behavioural outcomes . However this positive change could not be attributed to Triple P because a control group had not been established . </P> <P> Qualitative research studies have also illuminated some of the ways in which programs can help individual parents . An evaluation of the Triple P intervention highlighted how many parents were able to improve the way in which they related to their children after having received advice about how to be clear and boundaried with their children, and in some cases after having tried and seen the effects of such approaches for themselves, first - hand, and often for the first time . </P>

Which is not part of the triple p system