<Table> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> This section possibly contains original research . Please improve it by verifying the claims made and adding inline citations . Statements consisting only of original research should be removed . (May 2017) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) </Td> </Tr> </Table> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> This section possibly contains original research . Please improve it by verifying the claims made and adding inline citations . Statements consisting only of original research should be removed . (May 2017) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) </Td> </Tr> <P> Federalist No. 39, "The conformity of the Plan to Republican Principles", is an essay by James Madison, the thirty - ninth of The Federalist Papers, published on January 18, 1788 . Madison defines what a republican form of government is considered, which was what the nation was currently called . It also considers whether the nation is federal or national: a confederacy, or consolidation of states . At that moment the nation was considered federal and states were confederate, but they were leaning towards a national government (federal vs. national government). Madison then defines what republic means and states three rules which must apply to be considered a republic: </P> <Ol> <Li> What is the foundation of its establishment? Only the people of the nation and no one else would make the decision of who rules the government . </Li> <Li> What are the sources of its power? The person who is chosen by the people shouldn't break any rules nor abuse the power that they have . </Li> <Li> Who has the authority to make future changes? When someone is chosen to rule the country, they should only be in that position for a certain amount of time unless the people of the nation feel that it's best to impeach them . </Li> </Ol>

According to federalist 39 the constitution set up which type of government