<P> James Laughlin had "Cantos LXXIV--LXXXIV" ready for publication in 1946 under the title The Pisan Cantos, and gave Pound an advance copy, but he held back, waiting for an appropriate time to publish . A group of Pound's friends--Eliot, Cummings, W.H. Auden, Allen Tate, and Julien Cornell--met Laughlin to discuss how to get him released . They planned to have Pound awarded the first Bollingen Prize, a new national poetry award by the Library of Congress, with $1,000 prize money donated by the Mellon family . </P> <P> The awards committee consisted of 15 fellows of the Library of Congress, including several of Pound's supporters, such as Eliot, Tate, Conrad Aiken, Amy Lowell, Katherine Anne Porter and Theodore Spencer . The idea was that the Justice Department would be placed in an untenable position if Pound won a major award and was not released . Laughlin published The Pisan Cantos on 30 July 1948, and the following year the prize went to Pound . There were two dissenting voices, Francis Biddle's wife, Katherine Garrison Chapin, and Karl Shapiro, who said that he could not vote for an antisemite because he was Jewish himself . Pound responded to the award with "No comment from the bughouse ." </P> <P> There was uproar . The Pittsburgh Post-Gazette quoted critics who said "poetry (cannot) convert words into maggots that eat at human dignity and still be good poetry". Robert Hillyer, a Pulitzer Prize winner and president of the Poetry Society of America, attacked the committee in The Saturday Review of Literature, telling journalists that he "never saw anything to admire in Pound, not one line". Congressman Jacob K. Javits demanded an investigation into the awards committee . It was the last time the prize was administered by the Library of Congress . </P> <P> Although Pound repudiated his antisemitism in public, he maintained his views in private . He refused to talk to psychiatrists with Jewish - sounding names, dismissed people he disliked as "Jews", and urged visitors to read the Protocols of the Elders of Zion (1903), a forgery claiming to represent a Jewish plan for world domination . He struck up a friendship with the conspiracy theorist and antisemite Eustace Mullins, believed to be associated with the Aryan League of America, and author of the 1961 biography This Difficult Individual, Ezra Pound . </P>

Who wrote during the american and japanese periods