<P> By the time of its implementation, the benefit was criticized by communists, who thought such insurance would prevent workers from starting a revolution, while employers and tories saw it as a "necessary evil". </P> <P> The scheme was based on actuarial principles and it was funded by a fixed amount each from workers, employers, and taxpayers . It was restricted to particular industries, particularly more volatile ones like shipbuilding, and did not make provision for any dependants . After one week of unemployment, the worker was eligible for receiving 7 shillings / week for up to 15 weeks in a year . By 1913, 2.3 million were insured under the scheme for unemployment benefit . </P> <P> The Unemployment Insurance Act 1920 created the dole system of payments for unemployed workers . The dole system provided 39 weeks of unemployment benefits to over 11 million workers--practically the entire civilian working population except domestic service, farm workers, railroad men, and civil servants . </P> <P> Unemployment benefits were introduced in Germany in 1927, and in most European countries in the period after the Second World War with the expansion of the welfare state . Unemployment insurance in the United States originated in Wisconsin in 1932 . Through the Social Security Act of 1935, the federal government of the United States effectively encouraged the individual states to adopt unemployment insurance plans . </P>

When was the federal law providing benefits for the unemployed passed