<P> After the passage of some anti-gay laws in Russia in 2013 and the incident with the "Pussy - riot" band in 2012 causing a growing criticism on the subject inside and outside Russia a number of verbal anti-Semitic attacks were made against Russian gay activists by extremist leftists activists and anti-Semitic writers such as Israel Shamir who viewed the "Pussy - riot" incident as the war of Judaism on the Christian Orthodox church . </P> <P> The Jewish Autonomous Oblast continues to be an autonomous oblast of the Russian state . The Chief Rabbi of Birobidzhan, Mordechai Scheiner, says there are 4,000 Jews in the capital city . Governor Nikolay Mikhaylovich Volkov has stated that he intends to "support every valuable initiative maintained by our local Jewish organizations". The Birobidzhan Synagogue opened in 2004 on the 70th anniversary of the regions founding in 1934 . </P> <P> Today, the Jewish population of Russia is shrinking due to small family sizes, and high rates of assimilation and intermarriage . This shrinkage has been slowed by some Russian - Jewish emigrants having returned from abroad, especially from Germany . The great majority of up to 90% of children born to a Jewish parent are the offspring of mixed marriages, and most Jews have only one or two children . The majority of Russian Jews live in the Moscow metropolitan area, with another 20% in the Saint Petersburg area, and the rest in large cities with a population of at least 1 million . </P> <P> The Jewish population in the Jewish Autonomous Oblast of the Russian Far East in 2002 was 2,327 (1.22%). </P>

During the late 1800s where did most immigrants come from russia romania italy all of the above