<P> In Sweden, the Supreme Court and the Supreme Administrative Court respectively function as the highest courts of the land . The Supreme Administrative Court considers cases concerning disputes between individuals and administrative organs, as well as disputes among administrative organs, while the Supreme Court considers all other cases . The judges are appointed by the Government . In most cases, the Supreme Courts will only grant leave to appeal a case (prövningstillstånd) if the case involves setting a precedent in the interpretation of the law . Exceptions are issues where the Supreme Court is the court of first instance . Such cases include an application for a retrial of a criminal case in the light of new evidence, and prosecutions made against an incumbent minister of the Government for severe neglect of duty . If a lower court has to try a case which involves a question where there is no settled interpretation of the law, it can also refer the question to the relevant Supreme Court for an answer . </P> <P> In Switzerland, the Federal Supreme Court of Switzerland is the final court of appeals . Due to Switzerland's system of direct democracy, it has no authority to review the constitutionality of federal statutes, but the people can strike down a proposed law by referendum . According to settled case law, however, the Court is authorised to review the compliance of all Swiss law with certain categories of international law, especially the European Convention of Human Rights . </P> <P> In Sri Lanka, the Supreme Court of Sri Lanka was created in 1972 after the adoption of a new Constitution . The Supreme Court is the highest and final superior court of record and is empowered to exercise its powers, subject to the provisions of the Constitution . The court rulings take precedence over all lower Courts . The Sri Lanka judicial system is complex blend of both common - law and civil - law . In some cases such as capital punishment, the decision may be passed on to the President of the Republic for clemency petitions . However, when there is 2 / 3 majority in the parliament in favour of president (as with present), the supreme court and its judges' powers become nullified as they could be fired from their positions according to the Constitution, if the president wants . Therefore, in such situations, Civil law empowerment vanishes . </P> <P> In South Africa, a "two apex" system existed from 1994 to 2013 . The Supreme Court of Appeal (SCA) was created in 1994 and replaced the Appellate Division of the Supreme Court of South Africa as the highest court of appeal in non-constitutional matters . The SCA is subordinate to the Constitutional Court, which is the highest court in matters involving the interpretation and application of the Constitution . But in August 2013 the Constitution was amended to make the Constitutional Court the country's single apex court, superior to the SCA in all matters, both constitutional and non-constitutional . </P>

Explain the supreme courts process of the rule of four