<Li> Elbow (Humeroulnar joint)--The biceps brachii also functions as an important flexor of the forearm, particularly when the forearm is supinated . Functionally, this action is performed when lifting an object, such as a bag of groceries or when performing a biceps curl . When the forearm is in pronation (the palm faces the ground), the brachialis, brachioradialis, and supinator function to flex the forearm, with minimal contribution from the biceps brachii . It is also important to note that regardless of forearm position, (supinated, pronated, or neutral,) the force exerted by the biceps brachii remains the same; however, the brachioradialis has a much greater change in exertion depending on position than the biceps during concentric contractions . That is, the biceps can only exert so much force, and as forearm position changes, other muscles must compensate . </Li> <Li> Shoulder (Glenohumeral joint) (shoulder)--Several weaker functions occur at the glenohumeral, or shoulder, joint . The biceps brachii weakly assists in forward flexion of the shoulder joint (bringing the arm forward and upwards). It may also contribute to abduction (bringing the arm out to the side) when the arm is externally (or laterally) rotated . The short head of the biceps brachii also assists with horizontal adduction (bringing the arm across the body) when the arm is internally (or medially) rotated . Finally, the short head of the biceps brachii, due to its attachment to the scapula (or shoulder blade), assists with stabilization of the shoulder joint when a heavy weight is carried in the arm . The tendon of the long head of the biceps also assists in holding the head of the humerus in the glenoid cavity . </Li> <P> The proximal tendons of the biceps brachii are commonly involved in pathological processes and are a frequent cause of anterior shoulder pain . Disorders of the distal biceps brachii tendon typically result from partial and complete tears of the muscle . Partial tears are usually characterized by enlargement and abnormal contour of the tendon . Complete tears generate a soft - tissue mass in the anterior aspect of the arm, the so - called Popeye sign, which paradoxically leads to a decreased strength during flexion and supination of the forearm . Tears of the biceps brachii occur in athletic activities and corrective surgery repairs biceps brachii tendon tears . Proximal ruptures of the long head of the biceps tendon can be surgically repaired by two different techniques . Biceps tenodesis is resurfacing the tendon by screw fixation on the humerus and biceps tenotomy is trimming the long head of the biceps tendon promoting the muscle origination from the coracoid process . Preexisting degeneration in the tendon can cause partial tears called lesions and are rarely associated with a traumatic event . The most common symptom of a biceps tear is pain . It will be the most severe in the muscle, but may stretch to the shoulders and elbows as well . Treatment of a biceps tear depends on the severity of the injury . In most cases, the muscle will heal over time with no corrective surgery . Applying cold pressure and using anti-inflammatory medications will ease pain and reduce swelling . More severe injuries require surgery and post-op physical therapy to regain strength and functionality in the muscle . Corrective surgeries of this nature are typically reserved for elite athletes who rely on a complete recovery . </P> <P> The biceps are usually attributed as representative of strength within a variety of worldwide cultures . </P>

Where does the biceps brachii muscle attach to the ulna