<P> Along with the development of an Olympic philosophy, Coubertin invested time in the creation and development of a national association to coordinate athletics in France, the Union des Sociétés Françaises de Sports Athlétiques (USFSA). In 1889, French athletics associations had grouped together for the first time and Coubertin founded a monthly magazine La Revue Athletique, the first French periodical devoted exclusively to athletics and modelled on The Athlete, an English journal established around 1862 . Formed by seven sporting societies with approximately 800 members, by 1892 the association had expanded to 62 societies with 7,000 members . </P> <P> That November, at the annual meeting of the USFSA, Coubertin first publicly suggested the idea of reviving the Olympics . His speech met general applause, but little commitment to the Olympic ideal he was advocating for, perhaps because sporting associations and their members tended to focus on their own area of expertise and had little identity as sportspeople in a general sense . This disappointing result was prelude to a number of challenges he would face in organising his international conference . In order to develop support for the conference, he began to play down its role in reviving Olympic Games and instead promoted it as a conference on amateurism in sport which, he thought, was slowly being eroded by betting and sponsorships . This led to later suggestions that participants were convinced to attend under false pretenses . Little interest was expressed by those he spoke to during trips to the United States in 1893 and London in 1894, and an attempt to involve the Germans angered French gymnasts who did not want the Germans invited at all . Despite these challenges, the USFSA continued its planning for the games, adopting in its first program for the meeting eight articles to address, only one of which had to do with the Olympics . A later program would give the Olympics a much more prominent role in the meeting . </P> <P> The congress was held on 23 June 1894 at the Sorbonne in Paris . Once there, participants divided the congress into two commissions, one on amateurism and the other on reviving the Olympics . A Greek participant, Demetrius Vikelas, was appointed to head the commission on the Olympics, and would later become the first President of the International Olympic Committee . Along with Coubertin, C. Herbert of Britain's Amateur Athletic Association and W.M. Sloane of the United States helped lead the efforts of the commission . In its report, the commission proposed that Olympic Games be held every four years and that the program for the Games be one of modern rather than ancient sports . They also set the date and location for the first modern Olympic Games, the 1896 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece, and the second, the 1900 Summer Olympics in Paris . Coubertin had originally opposed the choice of Greece, as he had concerns about the ability of a weakened Greek state to host the competition, but was convinced by Vikelas to support the idea . The commission's proposals were accepted unanimously by the congress, and the modern Olympic movement was officially born . The proposals of the other commission, on amateurism, were more contentious, but this commission also set important precedents for the Olympic Games, specifically the use of heats to narrow participants and the banning of prize money in most contests . </P> <P> Following the Congress, the institutions created there began to be formalized into the International Olympic Committee (IOC), with Demetrius Vikelas as its first President . The work of the IOC increasingly focused on the planning the 1896 Athens Games, and de Coubertin played a background role as Greek authorities took the lead in logistical organisation of the Games in Greece itself, offering technical advice such as a sketch of a design of a velodrome to be used in cycling competitions . He also took the lead in planning the program of events, although to his disappointment neither polo, football, or boxing were included in 1896 . The Greek organizing committee had been informed that four foreign football teams were to participate however not one foreign football team showed up and despite Greek preparations for a football tournament it was cancelled during the Games . </P>

When did baron pierre de coubertin bring back the olympics
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