<P> The tidal range is the vertical difference between the high tide and the succeeding low tide . </P> <P> Tides are the rise and fall of sea levels caused by the combined effects of the gravitational forces exerted by the Moon and the Sun and the rotation of the Earth . The tidal range is not constant but changes depending on the locations of the sun and the moon . </P> <P> The most extreme tidal range occurs during spring tides, when the gravitational forces of both the Sun and Moon are aligned (syzygy), reinforcing each other in the same direction (new moon) or in opposite directions (full moon). During neap tides, when the Moon and Sun's gravitational force vectors act in quadrature (making a right angle to the Earth's orbit), the difference between high and low tides is smaller . Neap tides occur during the first and last quarters of the moon's phases . The largest annual tidal range can be expected around the time of the equinox, if coincidental with a spring tide . </P>

The tides with the maximum tidal elevation are