<P> However, much of the North's attitude was based on the false belief that only a minority of Southerners were actually in favor of secession and that there were large numbers of southern Unionists that could be counted on . Had Northerners realized that most Southerners really did favor secession, they might have hesitated at attempting the enormous task of conquering a united South . </P> <P> Lincoln called on all the states to send forces to recapture the fort and other federal properties . With the scale of the rebellion apparently small so far, Lincoln called for only 75,000 volunteers for 90 days . The governor of Massachusetts had state regiments on trains headed south the next day . In western Missouri, local secessionists seized Liberty Arsenal . On May 3, 1861, Lincoln called for an additional 42,000 volunteers for a period of three years . </P> <P> Four states in the middle and upper South had repeatedly rejected Confederate overtures, but now Virginia, Tennessee, Arkansas, and North Carolina refused to send forces against their neighbors, declared their secession, and joined the Confederacy . To reward Virginia, the Confederate capital was moved to Richmond . </P> <P> Maryland, Delaware, Missouri, and Kentucky were slave states that were opposed to both secession and coercing the South . West Virginia then joined them as an additional border state after it separated from Virginia and became a state of the Union in 1863 . </P>

Who was the north and who was the south in the civil war