<Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> This article needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . (November 2009) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) </Td> </Tr> <P> The crisis of the Late Middle Ages refers to a series of events in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries that brought centuries of European prosperity and growth to a halt . Three major crises led to radical changes in all areas of society: demographic collapse, political instabilities and religious upheavals . </P> <P> A series of famines and plagues, beginning with the Great Famine of 1315--17 and especially the Black Death of 1348, reduced the population perhaps by half or more as the Medieval Warm Period came to a close and the first century of the Little Ice Age began . </P> <P> Popular revolts in late - medieval Europe and civil wars between nobles within countries such as the Wars of the Roses were common--with France fighting internally nine times--and there were international conflicts between kings such as France and England in the Hundred Years' War . The unity of the Roman Catholic Church was shattered by the Western Schism . The Holy Roman Empire was also in decline; in the aftermath of the Great Interregnum (1247--1273), the Empire lost cohesion and politically the separate dynasties of the various German states became more important than their common empire . </P>

In what ways did the european world experienced an economic recovery in the fifteenth century