<P> Values may help common human problems for survival by comparative rankings of value, the results of which provide answers to questions of why people do what they do and in what order they choose to do them . Moral, religious, and personal values, when held rigidly, may also give rise to conflicts that result from a clash between differing world views . </P> <P> Over time the public expression of personal values that groups of people find important in their day - to - day lives, lay the foundations of law, custom and tradition . Recent research has thereby stressed the implicit nature of value communication . </P> <P> Individual cultures emphasize values which their members broadly share . Values of a society can often be identified by examining the level of honor and respect received by various groups and ideas . In the United States of America, for example, top - level professional athletes receive more honor (measured in terms of monetary payment) than university professors . Another example is that certain voters (taken from surveys) in the United States would not willingly elect an atheist as president, suggesting that believing in a God is a generally shared value . </P> <P> Values clarification differs from cognitive moral education: </P>

Who classified values of social work as abstract and instrumental