<P> In an experiment, researchers revealed that people of other races do seem to look more alike than members of one's own race . When white students were shown faces of a few white and a few black individuals, they later more accurately recognized white faces they had seen and often falsely recognized black faces not seen before . The opposite results were found when subjects consisted of black individuals . </P> <P> This bias was found to be unrelated to the number of group and non-group members individuals knew . One might think that people thought members of their own groups were more varied and different simply because they knew them better and thus have more information about ingroups, but this is actually not the case . The out - group homogeneity bias was found between groups such as "men" and "women" who obviously interact frequently . </P> <P> Elsewhere, this difference is attributed to differences in how people store or process in - group versus out - group information . However, this concept has been challenged due to some cases in which in - groups view themselves as homogeneous . Researchers have postulated that such an effect is present when viewing a group as homogeneous helps to promote in - group solidarity . Experiments on the topic found that in - group homogeneity is displayed when people who highly identify with a group are presented with stereotypical information about that group . </P> <P> Self - categorization theory attributes the outgroup homogeneity effect to the differing contexts that are present when perceiving outgroups and ingroups . For outgroups, a perceiver will experience an intergroup context and therefore attend to differences between the two groups . Consequently, less attention is paid to differences between outgroup members and this leads to perceptions of outgroup homogeneity . When perceiving ingroup members a perceiver may experience either an intergroup context or an intragroup context . In an intergroup context the ingroup would also be predicted to be seen as comparatively homogeneous as the perceiver attends to the differences between "us" and "them" (in other words, depersonalization occurs). However, in an intragroup context the perceiver may be motivated to attend to differences with the group (between "me" and "others in the group") leading to perceptions of comparative ingroup heterogeneity . As perceivers are less often motivated to perform intra-group outgroup comparison, this leads to an overall outgroup homogeneity effect . </P>

Which of the following is an example of the outgroup homogeneity effect