<Ul> <Li> Ghazni </Li> <Li> Khelat </Li> <Li> Kahun </Li> <Li> Retreat from Kabul (Gandamak) </Li> <Li> Jellalabad </Li> <Li> Kabul </Li> </Ul> <Li> Retreat from Kabul (Gandamak) </Li> <P> The First Anglo - Afghan War (also known as Disaster in Afghanistan) was fought between British imperial India and the Emirate of Afghanistan from 1839 to 1842 . The war is notorious for the loss of 4,500 British and Indian soldiers, plus 12,000 of their camp followers, to Afghan tribal fighters, but the British defeated the Afghans in the concluding engagement . Initially, the British successfully intervened in a succession dispute between emir Dost Mohammad (Barakzai) and former emir Shah Shujah (Durrani), whom they installed upon conquering Kabul in August 1839 . However, in 1841 the Army of the Indus, numbering between 24,000 and 28,000 including families of soldiers, military and political pundits, suffered a series of defeats at the hands of rebel Afghan tribesmen . The main British Indian and Sikh force occupying Kabul, having endured harsh winters as well, was almost completely annihilated while retreating in January 1842 . It was one of the first major conflicts during the Great Game, the 19th century competition for power and influence in Central Asia between Britain and Russia . </P> <Table> <Tr> <Th> Part of a series on the </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> History of Afghanistan </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Timeline </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Ancient (show) <Table> <Tr> <Td> Indus Valley Civilisation </Td> <Td> 2200--1800 BC </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Oxus civilization </Td> <Td> 2100--1800 BC </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Aryans </Td> <Td> 1700--700 BC </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Median Empire </Td> <Td> 728--550 BC </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Achaemenid Empire </Td> <Td> 550--330 BC </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Seleucid Empire </Td> <Td> 330--150 BC </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Maurya Empire </Td> <Td> 305--180 BC </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Greco - Bactrian Kingdom </Td> <Td> 256--125 BC </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Parthian Empire </Td> <Td> 247 BC--224 AD </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Indo - Greek Kingdom </Td> <Td> 180--130 BC </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Indo - Scythian Kingdom </Td> <Td> 155--80? BC </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Kushan Empire </Td> <Td> 135 BC--248 AD </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Indo - Parthian Kingdom </Td> <Td> 20 BC--50? AD </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Sasanian Empire </Td> <Td> 230--651 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Kidarite Kingdom </Td> <Td> 320--465 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Alchon Huns </Td> <Td> 380--560 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Hephthalite Empire </Td> <Td> 410--557 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Nezak Huns </Td> <Td> 484--711 </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Medieval (show) <Table> <Tr> <Td> Kabul Shahi </Td> <Td> 565--879 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Principality of Chaghaniyan </Td> <Td> 7th--8th centuries </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Rashidun Caliphate </Td> <Td> 652--661 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Umayyads </Td> <Td> 661--750 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Abbasids </Td> <Td> 750--821 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Tahirids </Td> <Td> 821--873 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Saffarids </Td> <Td> 863--900 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Samanids </Td> <Td> 875--999 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Ghaznavids </Td> <Td> 963--1187 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Ghurids </Td> <Td> before 879--1215 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Seljuks </Td> <Td> 1037--1194 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Khwarezmids </Td> <Td> 1215--1231 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Qarlughids </Td> <Td> 1224--1266 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Ilkhanate </Td> <Td> 1258--1353 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Chagatai Khanate </Td> <Td> 1225--1370 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Khaljis </Td> <Td> 1290--1320 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Karts </Td> <Td> 1245--1381 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Timurids </Td> <Td> 1370--1507 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Arghuns </Td> <Td> 1479--1522 </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Modern (show) <Table> <Tr> <Td> Mughals </Td> <Td> 1501--1738 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Safavids </Td> <Td> 1510--1709 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Hotak dynasty </Td> <Td> 1709--1738 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Afsharid dynasty </Td> <Td> 1738--1747 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Durrani Empire </Td> <Td> 1747--1826 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Emirate of Afghanistan </Td> <Td> 1826--1919 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Kingdom of Afghanistan </Td> <Td> 1919--1973 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Republic of Afghanistan </Td> <Td> 1973--1978 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Democratic Republic of Afghanistan </Td> <Td> 1978--1992 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Islamic State of Afghanistan </Td> <Td> 1992--2001 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan </Td> <Td> 1996--2004 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Interim / Transitional Administration </Td> <Td> 2001--2004 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Islamic Republic of Afghanistan </Td> <Td> since 2004 </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Book </Li> <Li> Category </Li> <Li> Portal </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> </Table>

When did the british army first go to afghanistan