<P> In ecology, a community is an assemblage of populations of different species, interacting with one another . Community ecology is the branch of ecology that studies interactions between and among species . It considers how such interactions, along with interactions between species and the abiotic environment, affect community structure and species richness, diversity and patterns of abundance . Species interact in three ways: competition, predation and mutualism . Competition typically results in a double negative--that is both species lose in the interaction . Predation is a win / lose situation with one species winning . Mutualism, on the other hand, involves both species cooperating in some way, with both winning . The two main types of communities are major which are self - sustaining and self - regulating (such as a forest or a lake) and minor communities which rely on other communities (like fungi decomposing a log) and are the building blocks of major communities . </P> <P> In Gemeinschaft und Gesellschaft (1887), German sociologist Ferdinand Tönnies described two types of human association: Gemeinschaft (usually translated as "community") and Gesellschaft ("society" or "association"). Tönnies proposed the Gemeinschaft--Gesellschaft dichotomy as a way to think about social ties . No group is exclusively one or the other . Gemeinschaft stress personal social interactions, and the roles, values, and beliefs based on such interactions . Gesellschaft stress indirect interactions, impersonal roles, formal values, and beliefs based on such interactions . </P> <P> Groups of people are complex, in ways that make those groups hard to form and hard to sustain; much of the shape of traditional institutions is a response to those difficulties . New social tools relieve some of those burdens, allowing for new kinds of group - forming, like using simple sharing to anchor the creation of new groups . </P> <P> One simple form of cooperation, almost universal with social tools, is conversation; when people are in one another's company, even virtually, they like to talk . Conversation creates more of a sense of community than sharing does . </P>

List down and explain the types of communication