<Tr> <Th> FMA </Th> <Td> 62033 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td_colspan="2"> Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy (edit on Wikidata) </Td> </Tr> <P> The pineal gland is a small endocrine gland in the brain of animals with backbones . The pineal gland produces melatonin, a serotonin - derived hormone which modulates sleep patterns in both circadian and seasonal cycles . The shape and size of the gland resemble a pine cone from which it derived its name . The pineal gland is located in the epithalamus, near the center of the brain, between the two hemispheres, tucked in a groove where the two halves of the thalamus join . It is also called the conarium, kônarion or epiphysis cerebri . The pineal gland is included among a group of specialized neuroendocrine brain structures called the circumventricular organs . </P> <P> Nearly all vertebrate species possess a pineal gland . The most important exception is a primitive vertebrate, the hagfish . Even in the hagfish, however, there may be a "pineal equivalent" structure in the dorsal diencephalon . The lancelet Branchiostoma lanceolatum, the nearest existing relative to vertebrates, also lacks a recognizable pineal gland . The lamprey (another primitive vertebrate), however, does possess one . A few more developed vertebrates lost pineal glands over the course of their evolution . </P>

Where is the pineal gland located in the body
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