<Tr> <Td> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <P> The rule of law is the legal principle that law should govern a nation, as opposed to being governed by decisions of individual government officials . It primarily refers to the influence and authority of law within society, particularly as a constraint upon behaviour, including behaviour of government officials . The phrase can be traced back to 16th century Britain, and in the following century the Scottish theologian Samuel Rutherford used the phrase in his argument against the divine right of kings . John Locke wrote that freedom in society means being subject only to laws made by a legislature that apply to everyone, with a person being otherwise free from both governmental and private restrictions upon liberty . The rule of law was further popularized in the 19th century by British jurist A.V. Dicey . The concept, if not the phrase, was familiar to ancient philosophers such as Aristotle, who wrote "Law should govern". </P> <P> Rule of law implies that every person is subject to the law, including people who are lawmakers, law enforcement officials, and judges . In this sense, it stands in contrast to an autocracy, dictatorship, or oligarchy where the rulers are held above the law . Lack of the rule of law can be found in both democracies and dictatorships, for example because of neglect or ignorance of the law, and the rule of law is more apt to decay if a government has insufficient corrective mechanisms for restoring it . Government based upon the rule of law is called nomocracy . </P>

Who does the rule of law apply to