<P> Despite these guidelines, however, many advocacy groups exist to either reduce or eliminate animal research, arguing that it is unethical to capture animals and subject them to research procedures . Indeed, a recent study showed that only 52% of the public approves of animal research . Some scientists believe that this low approval rate is primarily the result of receiving manipulative misinformation from anti-animal research groups . </P> <P> A current controversy among mental health professionals is the use of specific psychological treatments which are not strongly supported by research . Proponents of the evidence - based practice (EBP) movement argue that it is unethical to administer a therapeutic intervention with questionable research support (such as psychoanalysis) when another treatment's effectiveness has been demonstrated for the client's condition, particularly when the intervention in question is potentially harmful (such as conversion therapy). Proponents argue that administration of an empirically questionable treatment violates the general Principle A of the ethical principles of psychologist: Beneficence and nonmaleficence (or "do no harm"). </P> <P> Opponents of the movement object that all psychotherapies are equally effective (termed "the Dodo bird verdict") and assert that restricting therapists to only evidence - based treatments limits opportunities to discover new techniques . Further complicating the issue is the fact that there is debate about what kind of evidence is needed to constitute "good research support" for or against a treatment . </P> <P> During the Iraq War, Amnesty International released a series of reports, calling attention to violations of the human rights of prisoners in Abu Ghraib Prison and American detention camps, and the role of the United States and the United Kingdom in enacting these abuses . The reports called on the occupying powers to protect the human rights of any detained civilians by giving them a fair and timely trial, not detaining civilians arbitrarily, and treating all people ethically while in detention . Amnesty International also called for justice, by trying individual perpetrators of abuse for their crimes . </P>

American psychological association 1992 ethical principles of psychologists and code of conduct