<Li> There were 14,657 deaths among the total 130,895 western civilians interned by the Japanese due to famine and disease . </Li> <P> The total war dead in the USSR includes victims of Soviet oppression . The number of deaths in the Gulag labor camps increased as a result of wartime overcrowding and food shortages . The Stalin regime deported the entire populations of ethnic minorities considered to be potentially disloyal . Since 1990 Russian scholars have been given access to the Soviet - era archives and have published data on the numbers of people executed and those who died in Gulag labor camps and prisons . The Russian scholar Viktor Zemskov puts the death toll from 1941--1945 at about 1 million based on data from the Soviet archives . The Soviet - era archive figures on the Gulag labor camps has been the subject of a vigorous academic debate outside Russia since their publication in 1991 . J. Arch Getty and Stephen G. Wheatcroft maintain that Soviet - era figures more accurately detail the victims of the Gulag labor camp system in the Stalin era . Robert Conquest and Steven Rosefielde have disputed the accuracy of the data from the Soviet archives, maintaining that the demographic data and testimonials by survivors of the Gulag labor camps indicate a higher death toll . Rosefielde posits that the release of the Soviet Archive figures is disinformation generated by the modern KGB . Rosefielde maintains that the data from the Soviet archives is incomplete; for example, he pointed out that the figures do not include the 22,000 victims of the Katyn massacre . Rosefielde's demographic analysis puts the number of excess deaths due to Soviet repression at 2,183,000 in 1939--40 and 5,458,000 from 1941--1945 . Michael Haynes and Rumy Husun accept the figures from the Soviet archives as being an accurate tally of Stalin's victims, they maintain that the demographic data depicts an underdeveloped Soviet economy and the losses in World War Two rather than indicating a higher death toll in the Gulag labor camps . </P> <P> In August 2009 the Polish Institute of National Remembrance (IPN) researchers estimated 150,000 Polish citizens were killed due to Soviet repression . Since the collapse of the USSR, Polish scholars have been able to do research in the Soviet archives on Polish losses during the Soviet occupation . Andrzej Paczkowski puts the number of Polish deaths at 90,000--100,000 of the 1.0 million persons deported and 30,000 executed by the Soviets . In 2005 Tadeusz Piotrowski estimated the death toll in Soviet hands at 350,000 . </P> <P> The Estonian State Commission for the Examination of Repressive Policies Carried out During the Occupations put civilian deaths due to the Soviet occupation in 1940--1941 at 33,900 including (7,800 deaths) of arrested people, (6,000) deportee deaths, (5,000) evacuee deaths, (1,100) people gone missing and (14,000) conscripted for forced labor . After the reoccupation by the U.S.S.R., 5,000 Estonians died in Soviet prisons during 1944--45 . </P>

How many americans served on the front by the end of the war and how many died